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| | Coat of Arms |
 | | Coat of Arms, also called Shield of Arms, heraldic device dating back to 12th-century Europe, used primarily to establish identity in battle but evolving to denote family descent, adoption, alliance, property ownership, or profession--the oldest extant document being a copy of a roll of arms of the king of England from about 1240. |
 | | Originally the coat of arms was a cloth tunic worn over, or occasionally to conceal, armour; or, in place of armour, it was padded and worn for protection but marked with the shield's identical emblem to aid identification. |
 | | The coat of arms consists of a shield, or escutcheon, and surface, or field. |
| gen.culpepper.com /historical/coat.htm (2193 words) |
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