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Topic: Codex Mendoza

	Ancient Scripts: Aztec
		A good example occurs in the Codex Telleriano-Remensis, a document written after the Spanish Conquest but at a time when knowledge of the pre-Columbian culture was still available.
		The Codex Mendoza, another post-Conquest manuscript, depicted life in Central Mexico around the time of conquest and also contained a section on the tribute exacted by the Aztec Empire.
		The previous examples are taken from the Codex Mendoza, and they provide both the Aztec and Spanish versions of the information they are conveying.
	www.ancientscripts.com /aztec.html (1988 words)

	Mendoza - Encyclopedia.com
		With a backdrop of snowcapped mountains, Mendoza is surrounded by a fertile oasis, known as the "Garden of the Andes," irrigated by the Mendoza River.
		Mendoza was founded in 1561 and belonged to Chile until the creation of the viceroyalty of Río de la Plata (1776).
		It was in Mendoza that San Martín began (1817) the final liberation of Chile from Spain.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-MendozaArg.html (1118 words)

	Mesoamerican Codices in the University Libraries
		It is a fragment of a codex attributed to Don Fernando de Alva Ixtlilxochitl, one of the outstanding historians of the early years of the Spanish Conquest.
		This codex is related to a lawsuit held before the Council of Indies between the Indians of Tepetlaoztoc and the encomendero, Juan Velasquez de Salazar.
		One side of this screenfold codex presents a genealogical and historical narrative divided into six or more sections, including a genealogy of the first and second dynasties of Tilantongo through the marriage of 8 Deer and the genealogy of the rulers of Teozacoalco through the children of the third rulers of the third dynasty.
	library.albany.edu /subject/codices.htm (4092 words)

	Codex: (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The codex was an improvement upon the scroll, which it gradually replaced, first in the West, and much later in Asia.
		From the fourth century, when the codex gained wide acceptance, to the Carolingian Renaissance in the eighth century, many works that were not converted from scroll to codex were lost to posterity.
		The codex also made it easier to organize documents in a library because it had a stable spine on which the title of the book could be written.
	winelib.com /wiki/Codex (959 words)

	Aztec codices - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Codex Osuna is a set of seven separate documents created in early 1565 to present evidence against the government of Viceroy Luis de Velasco during the 1563-66 inquiry by Jerónimo de Valderrama.
		Based on an earlier unknown codex, Codex Magliabechiano is primarily a religious document, depicting the 20 day-names of the tonalpohualli, the 18 monthly feasts, the 52-year cycle, various deities, indigenous religious rites, costumes, and cosmological beliefs.
		Codex Xolotl - a pictorial codex recounting the history of the Valley of Mexico, and Texcoco in particular, from Xolotl's arrival in the Valley to the defeat of Azcapotzalco in 1428.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Aztec_codices (1179 words)

	Codex :: Definition for Codex - Timothy Ministries
		A codex (Latin for block of wood, book; plural codices) is a book in the format used for modern books, with separate pages normally bound together and given a cover.
		From the fourth century, when the codex gained wide acceptance, to the Carolingian Renaissance in the eighth century, many works that were not converted from scroll to codex were lost to posterity.
		The codex also made it easier to organize documents in a library because it had a stable spine on which the title of the book could be written.
	timothyministries.org /TheologicalDictionary/references.aspx?theword=Codex (855 words)

	About the Music of Cuba - worldmusic.cc (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Codex Mendoza is a pictorial document, with Spanish annotations and commentary, composed circa 1541.
		Based on an earlier unknown codex, the Codex Magliabechiano is primarily a religious document, depicting the 20 day-names of the tonalpohualli, the 18 monthly feasts, the 52-year cycle, various deities, indigenous religious rites, costumes, and cosmological beliefs.
		Codex Xolotl - a pictorial codex recounting the history of the Valley of Mexico, and Texcoco in particular, from Xolotl's arrival in the Valley to the defeat of Azcapotzalco in 1428.
	www.worldmusic.cc /en/music/latin_america/cuba/698.html?title=Aztec_codices (1351 words)

	Codex - Free net encyclopedia
		From the 4th century, when the codex gained wide acceptance to the Carolingian Revival in the 8th century many works were not converted from scroll to codex and were lost to posterity.
		The modern codex book owes a lot to the innovations of Aldus Manutius who introduced the compact format book that could be carried in a saddlebag and italic type as a means of increasing print density.
		The codex also made it easier to organize documents in a library because it had a stable spine on which the title of the book could be written, and later read when books were arranged upright on shelves.
	www.netipedia.com /index.php/Codex (602 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for codex
		Codex Alimentarius Originally Codex Alimentarius Europaeus; since 1961 part of the United Nations FAO/WHO Commission on Food Standards to simplify and integrate food standards for adoption internationally; web site: httpwww.codexalimentarius.net.
		Codex Alimentarius Commission adopts more than 50 new food standards; New guidelines on genetically modified and irradiated food.
		Culture Minister defers export of the Codex Stosch; Architectural drawings of ancient Roman buildings by a member of the Raphael circle.
	www.encyclopedia.com /searchpool.asp?target=codex (1255 words)

	ARARA :: issue 6 [Aztec scribes respond to Europe]
		In this text - the Mendoza Codex -, on sheets of European paper, survivors of Aztec ruling class present the new viceroy with an account of the place he had arrived in, revealing their deep understanding of the economic and social system of times before Cortés.
		Beginning in the 12th century with the migration from Aztlan and noting the foundation of the Aztec dynasty in Tenochtitlan, it is concerned rather with history from the New World perspective, affirming the continuity of that history through and despite the upheavals caused by Spanish colonization.
		In the Mendoza account of Tenochtitlan, for example, the periodicities of the sidereal and the solar year, as well as the sidereal and synodic moon, are embedded in the totals of garrisons and tribute towns allotted to the metropolitan area and its four surrounding quarters.
	www2.essex.ac.uk /arthistory/arara/issue_six/paper3.html (7183 words)

	Anales 66, 1995
		The Codex Mendoza was created at the order of the first Viceroy, don Antonio de Mendoza, as a background history intended for the King in Spain.
		The Codex Osuna is a document painstakingly prepared at the direction of the indigenous leadership specifically for use in a judicial process at the highest level of colonial administration.
		The Tecpan of Mexico beautifully recorded in the Codex Osuna was a building intended to be a lasting architectural expression of the legitimate power and authority of the indigenous leaders, demonstrating not only their continuing role as transmitters of the traditional culture but also their new role as interpreters and transducers of the new culture.
	www.interamericaninstitute.org /teposcolula.htm (9976 words)

	Codex - Facts, Information, and Encyclopedia Reference article
		As far back as the early 2nd century, there is evidence that the codex was the preferred format among Christians, while other religions preferred the roll.
		The modern codex book owes a lot to the innovations of Aldus Manutius who introduced the compact format book that could be carried in a saddlebag and italic type as a means of increasing print density.
		Nag Hammadi library, collection of early Christian Gnostic texts in codex form discovered in the town of Nag Hammadi.
	www.startsurfing.com /encyclopedia/c/o/d/Codex.html (558 words)

	Reportret: Motecuhzoma Xocoyotzin
		The illustrations in the so-called Codex of Florence and Codex Mendoza were made by Aztecs (or rather ‘indigenous Mexicans’).
		Codex of Vienna (or ‘Codex Vindobonensis’), Österreich: Wien: Österreichische Nationalbibliothek, Cod.
		An image from this codex is visible on the webpage concerning the Bibliothèque de l'Assemblée Nationale.
	www.reportret.info /gallery/motecuhzoma1.html (1209 words)

	Painting Aztecs
		The illustration shown (from the Codex Mendosa) is a variant of the quetzalcuexyochimalli ("Quetzal feather Huaxtec shield") but with blue waves ending in yellow discs instead of normal nose-moons.
		A tlacochcalcatl is one of the senior officials found in the Codex Mendoza.
		This uniform is found in the ethnography section of the Codex Mendoza, and is the basis of Plate C2 Mexica Warrior Priest (Pohl, 1991).
	www.balagan.org.uk /war/iberia/1492/mexico/painting_guide_aztec.htm (1363 words)

	Aztecs - Painting Guide
		The Florentine Codex shows 2 variants of colouring to this suit, one in an orangish tint, the other a light mustard and white colour, which I take to be trying to represnet some sort of natural colouring.
		The Florentine Codex shows these Eagle warriors in a brown coloured suit (one would assume eagle colours) with a beaked helm (the helm made of feathers) but with no crest to the helm, and a tail to the suit in one instance.
		Codex Mendoza supplies two variants of the parrot suit, being the Queztal (green feathered crest with yellow suit) and Cuecal (Macaw) (red feathered crest and suit).Both types come in full length suits, or with a feathered skirt instead of leggings.
	www.chronofus.net /wargames/eureka/100club/aztecs/painting.htm (6157 words)

	Aztecs - Painting Guide (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Florentine Codex shows 2 variants of colouring to this suit, one in an orangish tint, the other a light mustard and white colour, which I take to be trying to represnet some sort of natural colouring.
		The Florentine Codex shows these Eagle warriors in a brown coloured suit (one would assume eagle colours) with a beaked helm (the helm made of feathers) but with no crest to the helm, and a tail to the suit in one instance.
		Codex Mendoza supplies two variants of the parrot suit, being the Queztal (green feathered crest with yellow suit) and Cuecal (Macaw) (red feathered crest and suit).Both types come in full length suits, or with a feathered skirt instead of leggings.
	chronofus.net /wargames/eureka/100club/aztecs/painting.htm (6157 words)

	The Essential Codex Mendoza (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Compiled in Mexico City around 1541 under the supervision of Spanish clerics, the codex was intended to inform King Charles V about his newly conquered subjects.
		The Essential Codex Mendoza combines volumes 2 and 4 of the four-volume edition of The Codex Mendoza published by the University of California Press in 1992.
		That publication includes a collection of interpretations and appendices (volume 1), page-by-page descriptions of the codex (volume 3), a color facsimile of Codex Mendoza (volume 2), and parallel-image replicas of each pictorial folio with transcriptions and translations of the Spanish commentaries and translations of the Spanish glosses (volume 4).
	www.cork-screws.com /the-essential-codex-mendoza-0520204549.html (242 words)

	FAMSI - John Pohl's Mesoamerica - The Aztecs pg. 4
		During the course of excavations within the matrix fill of the Great Temple, archaeologists have found hordes of shells, jade beads, greenstone masks, the bones of jaguars, crocodiles, exquisitely painted polychrome vessels, tantalizing fragments of what were once beautifully woven and embroidered textiles and a vast array of other exotic materials.
		Folios 42v and 43r of Codex Mendoza illustrates the gold, jade, feathers, woven textiles, and military uniforms given in tribute by the principal Mixtec kingdoms of Oaxaca.
		Six differing levels of military achievement are depicted in Codex Mendoza for young men who are destined to become priests.
	www.famsi.org /research/pohl/pohl_aztec5.html (1397 words)

	Codex Mendoza, Four-Volume Set
		This four-volume hardcover facsimile edition of Codex Mendoza places the most comprehensive, most extensively illustrated document of Aztec civilization within reach of a broad audience.
		Compiled in Mexico City around 1541 under the supervision of Spanish clerics, the Codex was intended to inform King Charles V about his newly conquered subjects.
		The extensive and useful appendices add such things as pictorial charts of costumes and textiles, translations and discussions of all the glyphs in the codex, and a table of comparative chronologies.
	www.ucpress.edu /books/pages/4988.html (587 words)

	Mendoza Codex- Foundation of Tenochtitlan
		This picture is the front page of the Mendoza Codex, which was prepared by Mexica artists (tlacuilo) in present day Mexico City about the year 1541 or 1542.
		It was made at the request of Don Antonio de Mendoza, first Viceroy of New Spain, in order to be sent to the emperor, Charles V. It was never to reach its destination.
		The Mendoza codex and the other surviving codexes, both pre-conquest and those painted immediately following the conquest, are but a small representation of the beautiful works that were produced by the Mexica people.
	www.lib.msu.edu /diversity/tenoch.htm (526 words)

	cars - Codex
		As far back as the early 2nd century, there is evidence that the codex was the preferred format among Christians, while pagans preferred the roll.
		The codex also made it easier to organize documents in a library because it had a stable spine on which the title of the book could be written, and later read when books where arranged upright on shelves.
		The codex is the songbook used at a cantus.
	www.carluvers.com /cars/Codex (543 words)

	MESOAMERICAN WRITING SYSTEMS
		Codex glyphs that look similar suggest the possibility of a continuity of 1,500 years in the place names between Period II and the 16th Century Aztec Codex Mendoza (Id. at 6).
		Tribute in the form of clothing appears in the Codex Mendoza, and footprints seem to show the passage of time.
		From the Codex Mendoza, it appears that food was provided by commoners who carried it to the centers and provided labor as soldiers.
	www.angelfire.com /ca/humanorigins/writing.html (3251 words)

	Project
		We know the location of most of the places included in the Matrícula de Tributos and Codex Mendoza thanks largely to the research of Robert Barlow, an anthropologist who studied with Alfred Kroeber and Carl Sauer at the University of California, Berkeley in the 1940's.
		The clickable map in the geographic index section is based upon the map in Barlow's monograph "The Extent of the Empire of the Culhua Mexica" (Barlow, 1949).
		Because of the geographical organization of the Matrícula and Codex, Barlow was able to identify 38 Tributary Provinces.
	geography.berkeley.edu /ProjectsResources/Glyphs/Homepage/Project.html (668 words)

	Textual Sources
		The Codex Mendoza contains a chronicle of Aztec history from the founding of Tenochtitlan, depictions of daily life, and a tribute list of the Aztec Empire.
		This apparently is the manuscript known as the Codex Ramirez, which was extensively plagiarized by Acosta.
		History and Mythology of the Aztecs : the Codex Chimalpopoca (Anales de Cuauhtitlan, Leyenda del Sol) (translated J. Bierhorst) (972.01 C669h) The first of these is Nahuatl document written from the perspective of the Basin community of Cuauhtitlan, though with ample information on Tenochtitlan, Tula and the Toltecs, and other communities.
	www.davidson.edu /academic/anthropology/ant356/ant356_texts.htm (877 words)

	Texte d
		The role of POHUA is to replace the user for all the repetitive tasks and to present the complexity of these images under every possible angle.
		This program is actually the mere systematisation and the automatization of all the operations which were carried out when analysing the glyphs of the Codex Xolotl, and when I created a relational data base to store the information thus obtained (Thouvenot, Marc (in press), Codex Xolotl, Etude d'une des composantes de son écriture: les glyphes.
		This conception brings us to a practice that entails that the level of analysis must be similar for everything that is on the page of a codex, whether it be a personage, a glyph or a link.
	www.sup-infor.com /program/Pohua_tlachia/pohua_tlachia_ang.htm (921 words)

	1-Reconstructing Aztec Political Geographies
		Spaniards were interested in preserving the Aztecs' political and tribute structures to collect taxes and develop their own political and ecclesiastical systems within existing native systems.
		The Codex Mendoza [a document created to describe Spain's newly conquered lands to her king, Charles V] is one of the most important primary source documents about ancient central Mexico and Aztec political geographies.
		The Codex Mendoza provides place-specific information describing conquest histories, daily life, and the tributes paid to the central empire.
	www.esri.com /news/arcuser/0206/aztec1of2.html (780 words)

	Jansen, Maarten: Codex Bodley
		Painted shortly before the Spanish conquest of Mexico in 1521, the Codex Bodley has been long recognized as one of the most important Mixtec manuscripts and a premier example of native Mixtec pictorial historiography in all its complexity.
		Codex Bodley explores the enormous wealth of information contained in the manuscript, which documents precolonial Mixtec genealogical relationships and historical events spanning from 900 AD to 1521.
		Accompanied by vivid and colorful illustrations, Codex Bodley is an invaluable text for scholars of precolonial Mexican history, art, and culture.
	www.press.uchicago.edu /cgi-bin/hfs.cgi/00/157235.ctl (215 words)

	Essential Codex Mendoza, The Canadian Journal of History - Find Articles
		It was during this transition from pre- to post-conquest cultural conventions that the core of the The Essential Codex Mendoza was produced.
		The codex has been dated to 1541 and is named after Don Antonio de Mendoza, first viceroy of New Spain (1535-1550).
		The content of the codex goes beyond just determining the human and other resources that might be used for purposes of Spanish taxation, labour drafts, and the like.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3686/is_200008/ai_n8917028 (817 words)

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