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Topic: Coelacanth

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	Coelacanth - MSN Encarta
		The coelacanth and its cousin, the lungfish, are the only surviving lobe-finned fishes, an ancient group named for the muscular, scale-covered lobe at the base of their fins.
		Coelacanth reproductive behaviors are not well known, but biologists believe that females do not reach sexual maturity until after 20 years of age.
		Biologists estimate that only 200 to 500 coelacanths remain in the western part of their range (the status of the eastern population is not yet known), and concern for the coelacanth’s continued survival is mounting.
	encarta.msn.com /encnet/refpages/RefArticle.aspx?refid=761572373 (717 words)

	Comoros Coelacanth - Latimeria chalumnae
		The Comoros coelacanth (pronounced see-la-kanth) is a large lobe-finned fish that was first discovered in 1938.
		The Comoros coelacanth is a benthic fish and not of the true deep waters.
		Coelacanths are captured by scientists because of their peculiarity and they are also wanted as museum specimens.
	www.angelfire.com /mo2/animals1/lobefin/ccoelacanth.html (603 words)

	Coelacanth - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The coelacanths, which are closely related to lungfishes, were believed to have been extinct since the end of the Cretaceous period, until a live specimen was found off the east coast of South Africa, off the Chalumna River in 1938.
		Coelacanths are lobe-finned fish with the pectoral and anal fins on fleshy stalks supported by bones, and the tail fin divided into three lobes, the middle one of which also includes a continuation of the notochord.
		Coelacanths are opportunistic feeders, hunting cuttlefish, squid, snipe eels, small sharks, and other fish found in their deep reef and volcanic slope habitats.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Coelacanth (1430 words)

	Coelacanth Stamps
		The coelacanth is a primitive crossopterygian (lobe-finned) fish which first appeared in the fossil record about 360 million years ago.
		The Indonesian coelacanths appear quite similar to those from Africa except they are brown in color rather than blue and their sides sport gold flecks.
		The coelacanth appears in a panel marked "twilight and deep seafish" on a souvenir sheet depicting ocean creatures.
	www.pibburns.com /cryptost/coelacan.htm (1812 words)

	Pharyngula::Coelacanth evolution
		But they dropped this idea when living coelacanths were found from 1938 showing no evidence of evolution from the oldest fossil coelacanths to the living examples.The evidence from the coelacanth is good evidence for creation, for it shows that DNA, the genetic code, has remained stable throughout time.
		Furthermore, the coelacanth, which was introduced as “a reptile candidate preparing to pass from sea to land,” was in reality a fish that lived in the depths of the oceans and never approached nearer than 180 meters from the surface.
		They repeatedly claim that the coelacanth is “stable” and “unchanging”, but then they turn around and point out huge differences between what we know of coelacanths in the fossil record and modern forms: they live in different environments with remarkably different physiology.
	pharyngula.org /index/weblog/comments/coelacanth_evolution (833 words)

	Coelacanth, Latimeria chalumnae
		The Comoros Coelacanth is renowned for its steel blue colour, whereas fish from the Sulawesi population were reported to be brown.
		Coelacanths are known from the fossil record dating back over 360 million years, with a peak in abundance about 240 million years ago.
		Coelacanths are the only living animals to have a fully functional intercranial joint, which is a division separating the ear and brain from the nasal organs and eye.
	www.austmus.gov.au /fishes/fishfacts/fish/coela.htm (898 words)

	Sea and Sky: Coelacanth
		The strange-looking coelacanth is considered to be a living fossil.
		Coelacanths have long pectoral and pelvic fins with traces of bones in them.
		However, only 6 to 8 have ever been seen in the wild at one time, and their population off the coast of Africa seems to be on the decline.
	www.seasky.org /monsters/sea7a1b.html (189 words)

	Discover the Amazing Story of Coelacanth Fossils of Canada
		The group of fishes known as the coelacanths have a long and well-known fossil record, dating from the Middle Devonian, or 360 million years ago, to the Upper Cretaceous, about 80 million years ago, when they were assumed to have become extinct.
		The fossilized coelacanth specimen of the genus Whiteia.
		Coelacanths are believed to have reached the peak of their diversity some 80 million years earlier, during the Carboniferous period, when they occupied many kinds of aquatic environments.
	www.nature.ca /discover/treasures/foss/tr2/coe_e.cfm (309 words)

	NOVA \| Ancient Creature of the Deep \| Anatomy of the Coelacanth \| PBS
		The coelacanth has gills similar to those of fish living at the depths in which it is commonly found (500 to 800 feet).
		Coelacanths even move their paired fins much like land animals move their limbs: the right pectoral fin moves in conjunction with the left pelvic fin, for example.
		The coelacanth is ovoviviparous, meaning that eggs are fertilized internally and are retained in the mother's oviduct so that the young are born alive.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/nova/fish/anatomy.html (1012 words)

	Natural History Highlight - National Museum of Natural History
		The coelacanth is a "passive drift feeder," moving slowly and passively near the substrate where it feeds primarily on cephalopods (cuttlefish, squid, and octopus) and fishes.
		Among them are the presence of a "rostral organ" in the snout that is part of the electrosensory system, and an intracranial joint or "hinge" in the skull that allows the anterior portion of the cranium to swing upwards, greatly enlarging the gape of the mouth.
		Coelacanths might best be described as occupying a side branch in the basal portion of the vertebrate lineage, closely related to but distinct from the ancestor of tetrapods (four-legged vertebrates).
	www.mnh.si.edu /highlight/coelacanth (1044 words)

	Fishy Facts: The Coelacanth
		Coelacanths belong to a group of bony lobe-finned fishes and have 8 fins (2 dorsals, 2 pectorals, 2 pelvics, 1 anal and 1 caudal).
		Since coelacanths need caves for shelter during the day, and the scientists found no large caves or overhang on the continental slope off the Chalumna River, it appears that the habitat is not suitable in South African waters.
		All coelacanths caught by Comoran fishermen are a by-catch of the nighttime fishery for the oilfish Ruvettus.
	sacoast.uwc.ac.za /education/resources/fishyfacts/coelacanth.htm (4827 words)

	BBC News \| SCI/TECH \| 'Fossil fish' in dramatic sighting
		The coelacanth, the ancient fish that has existed for at least 360 million years, has been filmed swimming in shallow waters off the northeast coast of South Africa.
		The coelacanth was thought to have died out 70 million years ago, until a fish caught off South Africa in 1938 was identified by a museum curator.
		Coelacanth have been observed in deep water off the Comoro Islands, north of Madagascar, but only by divers in submersibles.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/sci/tech/1049818.stm (550 words)

	Digimorph - Latimeria chalumnae (Coelacanth)
		Although the Comoran government has outlawed the capture of coelacanths, there is an incidental bycatch and fl market trade in specimens due to the perceived value of the fluid in their notochord as a life lengthening supplement for humans.
		New observations on the visceral anatomy of the late-term fetuses of the living coelacanth fish and the oophany controversy.
		Meyer, A. Molecular evidence on the origin of tetrapods and the relationships of the coelacanth.
	www.digimorph.org /specimens/Latimeria_chalumnae/whole (932 words)

	UNEP-WCMC - Coelacanth (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Coelacanth is extremely difficult to study at the depths which it inhabits.
		As the Coelacanth reproduces slowly, giving birth to a small number of live young, populations are especially vulnerable to the removal of pregnant females.
		There are no Coelacanths in captivity as none of the specimens brought to the surface in 1991 survived the decrease in water pressure for more than a few hours.
	www.unep-wcmc.org /species/data/species_sheets/coelacan.htm (726 words)

	The UnMuseum - The Coelacanth
		It was a coelacanth (pronounced 'seel-uh-kanth'), a member of a group of fish called the Crossopterygii.
		The only problem with this conclusion was that the coelacanth and the Crossopterygii had gone extinct some sixty-five million years before along with the dinosaurs.
		Originally it was a concern that the Coelacanth might have a very limited range and that overfishing along the Comoros Islands might wipe it out.
	unmuseum.mus.pa.us /coelacan.htm (1439 words)

	Coelacanth - Search Results - ninemsn Encarta
		Coelacanth, lobe-finned fish that first appeared during the Devonian period, about 400 million years ago, and represented today by only one or...
		This article from The Times of March 12, 1939, describes an article about the capture of a coelacanth in the waters off the coast of South Africa...
		The earliest known vertebrates were jawless fishes that left fossilized remains in rock strata laid down during the Cambrian Period of the Palaeozoic...
	au.encarta.msn.com /Coelacanth.html (127 words)

	Latimeria chalumnae, Coelacanth at MarineBio.org
		Today's coelacanths can reach almost 2 m in length and weigh up to 68 kg, (a giant Mozambique female was 1.8 m long and 95 kg) but they are usually somewhat smaller, particularly the males, which average under 1.65 m.
		The coelacanth appears to be a cousin of Eusthenopteron, the fish credited with growing legs and coming ashore - 360 million years ago - as the ancestor of all tetrapods (amphibians, reptiles and mammals) including ourselves.
		Coelacanths were found to congregate in submarine caves on steep island drop offs during the day at depths greater than 100 m.
	marinebio.org /species.asp?id=54 (1203 words)

	Jun G. Inoue: Coelacanth (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Coelacanths were believed to have gone extinct more than 80 million years ago (Mya) until the sensational rediscovery of one surviving member of this lineage, Latimeria chalumnae, in 1938.
		The extensive interviews with Indonesian fishermen, combined with the vast distance from the Comoro archipelago, supported the idea that the Indonesian coelacanths are part of an established north Sulawesi population, and not simply waifs from the Comoran population (Forey et al., 1998).
		Assuming that the most recent ancestor of the two living coelacanths was distributed along the coasts of Africa through Eurasia (Springer, 1999), three alternative models have been proposed to explain the evolutionary history of the two coelacanths.
	www.csit.fsu.edu /~inoue/Coelacanth.html (433 words)

	Coelacanth application
		It was a coelacanth (pronounced “Seal-a-canth”) belonging to an ancient lineage of fishes that are closely related to the first land vertebrates.
		In the Comoros, coelacanths are usually caught at depths between 100 and 300 m.
		The discovery of this Indonesian coelacanth was announced in the Sept. 24, 1998 issue of Nature Magazine where a photograph of it appeared on the cover.
	www.onsetcomp.com /Applications/coelacanth/3870_Coelacanth.html (1100 words)

	[No title]
		It was during this period that the myth of the coelacanth as a deep ocean fish took hold in the popular and scientific imagination.
		On December 21, 1952, fourteen years after the discovery of the first living coelacanth, Captain Hunt, returning to the port of Mutsamudu on the Comorian island of Anjouan, was approached by two Comorans carrying a hefty bundle.
		Four years after the "discovery" of the second coelacanth, Eric Hunt disappeared at sea after his schooner ran aground on the reefs of the Geyser Bank between the Comoros and Madagascar.
	www.dinofish.com /discoa.htm (1416 words)

	125 species of coelacanth in fossil record, but only two species is known to remain
		The coelacanth, also known as the dinosaur fish, comes from a lineage that was thought to be extinct with the dinosaurs.
		The entrance to the cave and the walls of the coelacanth home have white encrustations of oyster shells and other materials that were mimicked be the white patterns on the coelacanth body.
		In 1930’s, the coelacanth was thought to be a direct descendant of the tetrapods—land living animals (which includes humans).
	www.whozoo.org /AnlifeSS2001/melimass/Coelacanth.htm (978 words)

	www.safrica.info \| news Coelacanth project takes off (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The coelacanth, a prehistoric fish that has lived in the Indian Ocean for 400 million years, and thought until 1938 to be extinct, is now the subject of a government-backed research project off the coast of Sodwana Bay, coupled with an educational programme in rural schools in KwaZulu-Natal.
		The discovery of the world's most accessible population of coelacanths near Sodwana on the north-eastern coast of KwaZulu-Natal in November 2000 placed South Africa in a unique position to lead a national and international endeavour to understand this "living fossil".
		The first discovery of a live coelacanth - in a trawl net in the East London harbour in 1938 - was hailed internationally as the most important zoological find of the century.
	www.safrica.info /news/coelacanth.htm (442 words)

	Coelacanth: More living than fossil
		Until recent years, living coelacanths were known only from the western Indian Ocean, primarily from the Comoros Islands, but in September 1997 and again in July 1998, coelacanths were captured in northern Sulawesi, Indonesia, nearly 6,000 miles to the east of the Comoros.
		Feeding and Diet: The coelacanth is a "passive drift feeder," moving slowly and passively near the substrate where it feeds primarily on cephalopods (cuttlefish, squid, and octopus) and fishes.
		Although the research collection is not accessible to the general public, a life-like model of a coelacanth can be seen in the Living Fossils gallery on the mezzanine of the dinosaur hall in the National Museum of Natural History.
	www.seasabres.com /\Safty-education\Education\marinelife\Coelacanth.htm (1286 words)

	The Coelacanth
		It also signified the beginning of a steady decline in coelacanth population at the hands of science.
		To date, it's unlikely that any coelacanth has survived the stresses of being caught and brought to the surface.
		Coelacanth preservation efforts must go far beyond current efforts, before it is too late.
	gombessa.tripod.com /scienceleadstheway/id3.html (647 words)

	The South African coelacanth discovery
		Plans were made for a series of dives in May 2001 with the objectives of further documenting the South African coelacanth population, surveying the canyons in which the coelacanths were found, observing coelacanth behaviour in the presence of divers, raising funds for further scientific expeditions and promoting the protection of the coelacanth.
		As there would be potential value in the rights to any coelacanth video footage or photographs made by the dive group KZN Wildlife held that they could not therefore issue a permit for the dives as previously agreed and that the issue should be resolved with the Department of Labour.
		They feel that all natural resources, the coelacanth in particular, are for everyone and not exclusive to a minority; that they were the ones who made the exciting coelacanth discovery at great personal sacrifice and that any further information must be welcomed as so little is known about this extraordinary fish.
	www.scienceinafrica.co.za /2001/june/coela.htm (2275 words)

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