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Topic: Coelom

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Protostome

Bilateria

Deuterostomia

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Mantle (mollusc)

Gastrotricha

Arthropod

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	Coelom (Anatomy) - Medical Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		All have a cavity known as a coelom -- presumably inherited from a common ancestor.
		In arthropods and mollusks, the coelom is reduced in size and the principal body cavity is part of the blood circulation system called a haemocoel.
		The coelom may be subdivided into "subcavities" such as the pericardial cavity around the heart.
	www.nursingstudy.com /encyclopedia/Coelom.html (318 words)

	AllRefer.com - coelom (Zoology: General) - Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		In animals of the phyla Annelida, Mollusca, and Arthropoda, the mesoderm forms as a mass of tissue from special embryonic cells between an outer layer, the ectoderm, and an inner layer, the endoderm.
		The structure of the embryonic coelom is relatively simple; in an adult other organs push into the coelomic cavity, and it is also subdivided into compartments, e.g., the pericardial cavity, in which the heart develops.
		The acoelomate theory holds that it evolved from an acoelomate ancestor; the enterocoel that it evolved from gastric pouches of cnidarian ancestors.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/C/coelom.html (287 words)

	CHAETOPODA - LoveToKnow Article on CHAETOPODA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The coelom is lined throughout by cells, which upon the intestine become large and loaded with excretory granules, and are known as chloragogen cells.
		Rarely the nephnidium does not communicate with the coelom; in such cases the nephridium ends in a single cell, like the flame cell of a Platyhelminth worm, in which there is a lumen blocked at the coelomic end by a tuft of fine cilia projecting into the lumen.
		These regions of the coelom end at the nds of the body and communicate with each other by means of a,ranched system of coelomic sinuses, which are in places very fine,ubes.
	34.1911encyclopedia.org /C/CH/CHAETOPODA.htm (13659 words)

	COELOM - LoveToKnow Article on COELOM (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		the Amphioxus the coelom is developed in the embryo as a series of bilateral pouches, called enterocoeles, from the sides of the alimentary canal; these are therefore entodermal in their origin, as in Sagitta and the Echinodermata among the invertebrates.
		In the adult the development of the atrium causes a considerable reduction of the coelom, represented by two dorsal coelomic canals communicating with a ventral canal by means of branchial canals which run down the outer side of the primary gill bars.
		In the Elasmobrancif fish there is a per-icardio-peritoneal canal forming a communication between these two parts of the coelom; also a large common opening for the two oviducts in the region of the liver, and two openings, called abdominal pores, on to the surface close to the cloacal aperture.
	45.1911encyclopedia.org /C/CO/COELOM.htm (2875 words)

	CHAETOPODA - LoveToKnow Article on CHAETOPODA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Coelom.The Chaetopoda are characterized by a spacious coelom, which is divided into a series of chambers in accordance with the general metamerism of the body.
		This is the typical arrangement, which is exhibited in the majority of the Polychaeta and Oligochaeta; in these the successive chambers of the coelom are separated by the intersegmental septa, sheets of muscle fibres extending from the body wall to the gut and thus forming partitions across the body.
		Thus in the Chaetopoda the perivisceral cavity is coelomic; in this respect the group contrasts with the Arthropoda and Molluscs, where the perivisceralcavity is, mainly at least, part of the vascular or haemal system, and agrees with, the Vertebrata.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /C/CH/CHAETOPODA.htm (13659 words)

	Body cavity - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A body cavity is an aspect of a number of basic animal body plans (phyla) that incorporate a central body cavity, known as a coelom.
		The coelom contains major organs, including the digestive system, heart, kidneys, etc. The coelom has two openings for the input of food and ejection of waste.
		In arthropods and mollusks, the coelom is reduced in size, and the principal body cavity is part of the blood circulation system called a hemocoel.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/body_cavity (384 words)

	Coelom (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		All have acavity known as a coelom -- presumably inherited from a common ancestor.
		They are divided into two groups based on whether thefirst opening in the coelom cell wall during development of the animal becomes the anus or the mouth.
		In arthropods and mollusks,the coelom is reduced in size and the principal body cavity is part of the blood circulation system called a haemocoel.
	www.therfcc.org /coelom-5184.html (311 words)

	Coelom (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		the coelom* was an early invertebrate invention inherited by the vertebrates
		lungs are derivatives of the gut and lie in the anterior, thoracic, region of the coelom*
		Fig 5.35d Coelomic compartments of an embryonic mammal (Kardong, 2002).
	www.lander.edu /RSfox/308coelomLec.html (1272 words)

	16anim4
		Coelomate = a fluid-filled body cavity completely lined with mesoderm (the coelom) separates the digestive tract from the outer body wall.
		The mesenteries connect the inner and outer mesoderm layers and suspend the internal organs in the coelom.
		Because of the significance of the coelom, all triploblastic animals passed the Platyhelminthes, have some form of secondary body cavity.
	www.uwinnipeg.ca /~simmons/1116/16anim4.htm (1027 words)

	UNSW Embryology- Coelomic Cavity Development
		The intraembryonic coelom is the primitive cavity that lies within the developing embryo that will form the 3 major body cavities: pericardial, pleural, peritoneal.
		The coelom forms very early in embryogenesis and is much later paritioned inferiorly by the diaphragm and pleuroperitoneal membrane; and superiorly initially by the pleuropericardial fold between the heart and lungs.
		The intraembryonic coelom communicated through coelomic portals (at the level of midgut herniation) with the extraembryonic coelom.
	embryology.med.unsw.edu.au /Notes/coelom.htm (485 words)

	Animal Phyla
		Their coelom is called a pseudocoelom because it is not completely lined by mesoderm.
		Phyla with a true coelom and digestive system are divided into two groups, the protostomes and the deuterostomes.
		In deuterostomes, the coelom arises as a pair of mesodermal pouches from the wall of the primitive gut.
	waynesword.palomar.edu /trnov01.htm (4405 words)

	Coelom (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The coelom is defined as a body cavity or space than runs the length of a vertebrate.
		In the early stages of embryological development, the coelom is a continuous cavity along the entire length of the trunk divided into right and left halves by the dorsal and ventral mesenteries.
		However, as development continues and the coelom is subdivided, different names are given to this lining based on its location and what it covers.
	science.kennesaw.edu /~rmatson/coelom.html (180 words)

	Introductory Anatomy: Excretory & Reproductive Systems
		This is the case with the excretory and reproductive systems which are anatomically and evolutionary linked, and where parts of the excretory system have been taken over by the reproductive system.
		When segmentation was abandoned in favour of an open plan coelom the nephroptomes became rationalised with paired openings (still) but only one exit to the sea, towards the rear.
		When the connection to the coelom was lost an alternative duct system, the parmesonephric ducts were developed to provide passage for the germ cells.
	www.leeds.ac.uk /chb/lectures/anatomy9.html (1325 words)

	Chapter 34: Animals: The Protostomes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The coelom is a body cavity between the digestive tract and body wall; it is lined by mesoderm.
		Coelomic fluid assists respiration and circulation by diffusing nutrients, and excretion by accumulating wastes.
		Coelom is reduced in arthropods and forms the space about the reproductive system.
	www.sirinet.net /~jgjohnso/apbio34.html (2832 words)

	COELOM AND SEROUS MEMBRANES - Online Information article about COELOM AND SEROUS MEMBRANES (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		mass which is called the septum transversum, and into this the developing lungs push bag-like protrusions of the coelom, consisting of visceral and parietal layers, and these eventually lose their connexion with the rest of the coelom, as the diaphragm develops, and become the pleural cavities.
		ATRIUM (either from ater, fl, referring to the flening of the walls from the smoke of the hearth, or from the Greek aiOpeov, open to the sky, or from an Etruscan town, Atria, where the style of building is supposed to have originated)
		In the Elasmobranch fish there is a pericardio-peritoneal canal forming a communication between these two parts of the coelom; also a large common opening for the two oviducts in the region of the liver, and two openings, called abdominal pores, on to the surface close to the cloacal See also:
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /CLI_COM/COELOM_AND_SEROUS_MEMBRANES.html (3121 words)

	American Zoologist: Are platyhelminthes coelomates without a coelom? An argument based on the evolution of Hox genes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Since the coeloms of protostomes and deuterostomes, being formed differently, are not thought to be homologous (Nielsen, 1995), this position is compatible with the planula hypothesis.
		Conversely to the planuloid scheme, the archecoelomate theory postulates that the ancestor of all Bilateria was a coelomate organism whose coelomic cavities were derived from gut pouches similar to the ones existing in anthozoan cnidarians.
		The theory is deeply linked to the concept of enterocoely, which means that the ancestral way in which the coelom forms in the embryo is by outpocketing of the gut wall, as is seen in most deuterostomes, some lophophorates and chaetognaths.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3746/is_199812/ai_n8818711 (1412 words)

	THE CLASS AS A WHOLE - Online Information article about THE CLASS AS A WHOLE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		tube which is separated from the gut by the coelom and its peritoneal walls, except in most leeches.
		Goodrich), that among the Hirudinea the coelom, which is largely broken up into narrow tubes, may be confluent with the tubes of the vascular system.
		sac in Lybiodrilus is at first freely open to the coelom, that it later becomes shut off from the same, that it then acquires an external orifice, and, finally, that it encloses the ovary or ovaries, between which and the exterior a passage is thus effected.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /TAV_THE/THE_CLASS_AS_A_WHOLE.html (4453 words)

	[No title]
		A solution to both problems is to have some sort of body cavity, called a coelom, in which the body organs lie bathed in body fluid.
		A true coelom is lined on all sides by mesoderm which gives rise to muscles that surround the gut as well as underlying the body wall.
		Enterocoely is the formation of the body cavity by outpocketings of the primitive gut that break off and form the coelom.
	www.gwu.edu /~darwin/BiSc151/Coelom/Coelom.html (543 words)

	Coeloms and Pseudocoeloms
		In mammals the body cavity is called a Coelom and it is the area that contains all heart and lungs as well as the gut which is a cavity in its own rite.
		From the endoderm arise the lining of the guts, lungs and urethra as well as the urinary bladder, the thyroid, parathyroid and thymus and the secretory parts of the liver and pancreas.
		Coelomate animals have a coelom, this is a body cavity that has a mesodermal lining.
	www.earthlife.net /inverts/coelom.html (705 words)

	Animal - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Usually there is a hollow space around the gut, called the coelom, arising from a split within the mesoderm, or at least some reduced version thereof (eg a pseudocoelom, where the split occurs between the mesoderm and endoderm, common in microscopic forms).
		Some of the main protostome phyla are united by the presence of trochophore larva, which are distinguished by a special pattern of cilia.
		The mesoderm and coelom do not form in the same way, but rather through evagination of the endoderm called enterocoelic pouching.
	open-encyclopedia.com /Animal (1953 words)

	Evolution & Science Discussion : Animals Without a Coelom (coelom = body cavity)
		Coelomates, which include all other animals from annelids to vertebrates, have a true coelom which is completely lined with mesoderm.
		Animals with a true coelom may be divided into two groups which reflect separate lines of evolution.
		Coelom formation is schizocoelous- mesoderm splits to form coelom.
	www.greatestjournal.com /community/_evolve_/4553.html (505 words)

	UNSW Embryo - Coelomic Cavity (text only)
		G6: one of the lung buds is seen embedded in the dense tissue that is surrounded by the coelomic cavity.The abdominal (peritoneal) cavity is clearly continuous with the extra embryonic coelom and parts of the intestinal loop and accompanying mesentery are visible entering the umbilical region.
		C5: The most cranial part of the coelom visible in cross sections is the pericardial cavity and from this level caudally it can be seen extending to the level of the liver, but anterior to it (D6).
		F3-7, G1: The gonads are also in part derivatives of the coelomic epithelium but they will be discussed with the rest of the genital system.
	embryology.med.unsw.edu.au /Notes/coelomtxt.htm (898 words)

	325lab2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The coelom is defined as a fluid-filled body cavity that appears within mesoderm in the course of an embryo's development.
		So when the circular muscles contract the forces they develop as they constrict the segment, reducing its girth, are translated by the coelomic fluid (fluid skeleton) into forces directed anteriorly and posteriorly against the septa.
		The coelomic fluid will translate the forces to act outward from the gut toward the body wall and this will stretch the circular muscles back to their pre-contracted state.
	www.erin.utoronto.ca /~w3bio325/325lab2.html (3098 words)

	Body cavity (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		All have a cavity known as coelom -- presumably inherited from a common They are divided into two groups based whether the first opening in the coelom wall during development of the animal becomes anus or the mouth.
		The coelom may be subdivided into "subcavities" as the pericardial cavity around the heart.
		Alternatively it is thought that coelom may have evolved from gastric pouches sort of) in cnidarians.
	www.freeglossary.com /Coelom (696 words)

	Animal -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The digestive chamber has two openings, a mouth and an anus, and there is also an internal body cavity called a coelom or pseudocoelom.
		A number of parasites are included in this group, such as the (Parasitic flatworms having external suckers for attaching to a host) flukes and (Ribbon-like flatworms that are parasitic in the intestines of humans and other vertebrates) tapeworms.
		Flatworms lack a coelom, as do their closest relatives, the microscopic (Click link for more info and facts about Gastrotricha) Gastrotricha.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/a/an/animal.htm (2210 words)

	Coelom - Wikipedia
		Mit Coelom (griech coiloma Vertiefung, Hohlraum) bezeichnet man die sekundäre Leibeshöhle zahlreicher Tiere, etwa der Chordatiere oder der Ringelwürmer.
		Bei etlichen Tiergruppen ist das Coelom reduziert und nur noch unvollständig als Rest erhalten.
		Das Coelom wird im Verlauf der Ontogenese durch Abfaltung vom Urdarm oder aus besonderen, dem Entoderm entstammenden mesodermalen Zellen erst etwas später gebildet und verdrängt die aus der Furchungshöhle entstandene primäre Leibeshöhle oft ganz.
	de.wikipedia.org /wiki/Coelom (121 words)

	Lecture Invertebrates Part 2
		The advent of a coelom, the body cavity completely lined with a tough mesoderm gave those organisms that possessed it an evolutionary advantage.
		Soft-bodied animals use the coelomic fluids to from a hydrostatic skeleton as muscular pressure against the fluids gives the body a rigidity and provides a resistant base for the action used in burrowing.
		While both protostomes and deuterostomes form a coelom, the evidence from embryological development suggests convergent evolution, the coelom arising independently in these groups.
	home.earthlink.net /~dayvdanls/AE_lecture2.htm (1175 words)

	Animal - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		There are exceptions to each of these characteristics, however - for instance adult echinoderms are radially symmetric, and certain parasitic worms have extremely simplified body structures.
		Smaller phyla related to them are the Nematomorpha or horsehair worms, which are visible to the unaided eye, and the Kinorhyncha, Priapulida, and Loricifera, which are all microscopic.
		Flatworms lack a coelom, as do their closest relatives, the microscopic Gastrotricha.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Animal (1889 words)

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