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	Coelurosauria - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Coelurosauria is a group of theropod dinosaurs that includes the subgroups Tyrannosauroidea, Ornithomimosauria, and Maniraptora.
		The large, herbivorous/omnivorous segnosaurs, once thought to be related to either sauropods or ornithischians, have similarly turned out to be coelurosaurs.
		Coelurosauria is phylogenetically defined as those dinosaurs sharing a more recent common ancestor with birds than with Allosaurus.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Coelurosauria (334 words)

	coelurosauria
		There are giant superpredators (tyrannosaurids), toothless racers (ornithomimids), two kinds of sickle-clawed birdlike hunters (dromaeosaurids and troodontids), strange sloth-like herbivores with giant hand claws (therizinosaurians), little animals with an unknown diet and bizarre mandibles and sometimes head crests (oviraptorids and caenagnathids, on the same page), and some of the smallest known classic theropods (compsognathids).
		They all tend to have relatively long arms, except for the tyrannosauroids which secondarily shortened them, probably for weight reduction, and the alvarezsaurids, who may have been actual birds but reduced their arms to powerful single-clawed stubs, possibly for digging.
		An important historical development in Tyrannoraptora is the Tyrannosauroidea\Arctometatarsalia saga, wherein Tyrannosauroidea was introduced to Coelurosauria as a member of a larger grouping known as Arctometatarsalia, which also was to include ornithomimosaurians, caenagnathids, and troodontids.
	www.users.qwest.net /~jstweet1/coelurosauria.htm (2660 words)

	Coelurosauria - Wikipedia
		De Coelurosauria vormen een onderverdeling van de Avetheropoda, een groep uit de Theropoda, vleesetende dinosauriërs.
		Vroeger werd in fenetische zin "Coelurosauria" ("snelle reptielen") gebruikt voor alle vleesetende dinosauriërs van klein postuur.
		De bovenstaande definitie is echter strikt op afstamming gebaseerd, waarbij andere eigenschappen irrelevant zijn, wat wel blijkt uit het feit dat Tyrannosaurus rex, toch bepaald geen kleintje, volgens moderne inzichten tot de Coelurosauria behoort, samen met de overige Tyrannosauroïden.
	nl.wikipedia.org /wiki/Coelurosauria (175 words)

	Coelurosauria - Wikipedia
		Aus den Coelurosauria sind auch die Vögel hervorgegangen.
		Die Coelurosauria gehörten zu den ersten Dinosauriern überhaupt und lebten von der Obertrias bis zum Ende der Kreidezeit, wo sie gemeinsam mit den übrigen „Nichtvogeldinosauriern“ während des Massenaussterbens an der Wende zum Paläogen („Tertiär“) umkamen.
		Ob die zu den Coelurosauria zählende Familie Ornithomimidae ebenfalls ein eigenes Taxon „Ornithomimosauria“ bildet, ist bisher noch nicht vollständig geklärt.
	de.wikipedia.org /wiki/Coelurosauria (236 words)

	Transitional fossils - Page 5 - 4Forums.com
		Sterna are persistent elements of the pectoral girdle throughout Coelurosauria, and are seen in both Tyrannosauroidea (namely Gorgosaurus libratus), in basal form, and in Maniraptoriformes and Maniraptora in increasingly par-avian morphology.
		Coelurosauria is a component clade of Neotetanurae, and I have been explicit all along that furculae are neotetanuran traits.
		The physically more robust furcula of the latter is congruent with the prediction of theropod origin that in Coelurosauria, the furcula became hypertrophied, in the par-avian and finally avian manner.
	www.4forums.com /political/showthread.php?t=887&page=5 (9462 words)

	Re: T. rex and the Coelurosauria
		Hmm, I'll try this tact instead: Carnosauria and Coelurosauria were names invented by Friedrich von Huene in the 1910s and 1920s.
		This is the state of affairs in which the last few generations of dinosaur fans were raised.
		The remaning theropods were placed by Gauthier in the Tetanurae, which itself was divided into Carnosauria (Allosaurus, "megalosaurs", and the Tyrannosauridae) and Coelurosauria.
	dml.cmnh.org /1995Jul/msg00412.html (458 words)

	Dinosaur Classification
		But great numbers of theropod discoveries around the world in the past several decades have blurred those anatomic distinctions and reduced the importance of size as a diagnostic criterion.
		The tetanuran theropods are further divided into certain subcategories - Coelurosauria, Ornithomimosauria, Maniraptora, Segnosauria, and Carnosauria - that are at a higher level than the families of this infraorder.
		It must be noted, however, that evolutionary affinities among all the theropod types are still being analyzed, and experts have not reached full agreement on a formal classification.
	www.crystalinks.com /dinos7.html (794 words)

	Palaeos Vertebrates 340.500 Theropoda: Coelurosauria
		Originally it referred to small as opposed to large theropods - everything from Coelophysis to Ornithomimus - but this is now known to be an artificial, polyphyletic grouping group.
		Notes: [1] "Coelurosauria" is a name which has been used to describe a number of different groups in this general phylogenetic area at different times.
		Thus, the dates are uncertain because the definitions used by different authors vary, and also because some of the earlier material is not conclusively identifiable.
	www.palaeos.com /Vertebrates/Units/340Theropoda/340.500.html (366 words)

	inexpectus [The Dinosauricon] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Thus, feathers should already have been the default assumption for most of Coelurosauria.
		There had been some debate over whether Therizinosauria did belong to Coelurosauria, but that had already largely been settled, thanks to cladistic analyses and the discovery of Alxasaurus elesitaiensis, a primitive therizinosaur (although not as primitive as inexpectus).
		Discovery of inexpectus did reassert the feathered nature of most Coelurosauria and the coelurosaurian status of Therizinosauria.
	dino.lm.com /taxa/display.php?name=inexpectus (232 words)

	Compsognathus
		Compsognathus was a theropod dinosaur, belonging to the InfraOrder Coelurosauria ("hollow tailed lizards"), a group of small dinosaurs such as Procompsognathus, Saltopus, Coelophysis, Coelurus, Ornithomimus, Struthiomimus and Gallimimus.
		The Coelurosauria were all bipedal (walking on their hind legs) carnivores (meat-eaters).
		As their name suggests, they all were light in weight with thin-walled, hollow bones not only in their tails but throughout their bodies.
	www.suite101.com /article.cfm/4003/89052 (418 words)

	Theropoda
		As can be seen, the Coelurosauria are divided into a large number of forms, some of the primitive members of which seem to have no easily identifiable characteristics (these are the ones I refer to here as general basal coelurosaurs).
		Although technically members of the Clade Coelurosauria they are morphologically so distinct, and indeed have been since their appearance in the early Cretaceous, that they deserve their own subordinal status.
		In contrast, all other clade coelurosauria were mostly small to medium-sized, and had small to medium-sized heads, long tails, and large grasping fore-arms.
	www.kheper.net /evolution/dinosauria/Theropoda.htm (2335 words)

	Our Approach - Coelurosaurian to Avialan Transition (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The questions and hypotheses outlined in the introduction being tested through the quantified assessments of life-history parameters derived from osteohistological and phylogenetic (evolutionary) analyses.
		Forty-one taxa have been chosen from the most current and comprehensive evolutionary hypothesis for the Coelurosauria (the dinosaurian group that includes birds).
		We are fortunate to have an unprecedented availability of key, basal taxa and derived, crown group taxa bracketing the evolution of birds within the Dinosauria (Fig.
	www.bio.fsu.edu /erickson/our_approach.php (289 words)

	Coelurosauria Classification @ PLanet Dinosaur (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		This system of theropod classification has become very much outdated, but the original names are still kept for certain actual groups.
		If the more primitive forms of the old Coelurosauria are excluded and a few other forms are added (including birds), they do form a monophyletic group.
		Interestingly, this group that once contained only small theropods now includes Tyrannosaurus rex, one of the largest theropods, indeed, one of the largest land predators of all time.
	planetdinosaur.com /dinosaurs/classification/coelurosauria.htm (271 words)

	- On the Alleged Dinosaurian Ancestry of Birds -
		If they existed throughout Coelurosauria, it is hard to imagine why they are not present in such exquisitely preserved coelurosaurs as Compsognathus longipes and Scipionyx samniticus.
		Second, since this jaw fragment allegedly predates the next oldest therizinosaur by some 94 million years, even if one assumes it belonged to a creature in the therizinosaur lineage, it would be a leap to conclude that such an ancient ancestor possessed the essential features of the later forms.
		Coelurosaurs are distinguished from other theropods by their expanded circular orbit, semilunate carpal in the wrist, short ischium, heightened ascending process of the astragalus, and reduction of the transverse processes of the tail vertebrae.
	www.trueorigin.org /birdevo.asp (11091 words)

	tetanurae (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		All tetanurans have gained a strap-like scapula, have no maxillary teeth posterior to the eyes in lateral view, have an extra hole in the skull between the nasal opening and the antorbital opening, have an obturator process on the ischium, and a number of other characters.
		Carnosauria and Coelurosauria have since been resurrected from this "waste bin" philosophy and reapplied to theropods in a manner that reflects more probable natural groupings than large versus small.
		Rather unfortunately named from the standpoint of late 20th-early 21st century American culture (suggesting a theropod struggling with indigestion in an auditory fashion), Gasosaurus appears to be either the most basal known coelurosaurian or close the ancestry of both the coelurosaurians and carnosaurians.
	www.users.qwest.net /~jstweet1/tetanurae.htm (2213 words)

	Glossary \| Introduction to the Study of Dinosaurs, by Anthony J. Martin
		Relatively more dense and thickest layer of the earth, immediately below the crust, and forming the lower part of the lithosphere and all of the asthenosphere.
		In female birds and reptiles, the passageway between uterus and cloaca, colloquially called a “birth canal.” Paired in some crocodilians.
		In a trackway, angle described by the pace of one side in comparison to the overall stride.
	www.blackwellpublishing.com /dinosaurs/glossary-m-r.asp (1350 words)

	Taxon Search : View Taxon Details
		Gauthier (1986) first proposed a definition for Coelurosauria, a taxon that had previously been used for all small-bodied theropods, using Carnosauria and birds as specifiers.
		Before that definition appeared, an abstract was published with a partial definition for Coelurosauria along those lines (Holtz and Padian 1995:35A): “those closer to birds than to Allosaurus”).
		The Bathonian -age Proceratosaurus bradleyi, however, may well be a coelurosaurian (Paul 1988) and is closer in age to the earliest record for the sister taxon to Coelurosauria, Allosauroidea (Cryolohposaurus, Pliensbachian).
	www.taxonsearch.org /dev/taxon_edit.php?tax_id=97&Action=View (290 words)

	Glossary \| Introduction to the Study of Dinosaurs, by Anthony J. Martin
		Clade of diapsids, characterized by a minimum of the following traits: openings anterior to the orbits (antorbital fenestrae), teeth with serrations compressed laterally and none on the palate, dentary fenestrae, differently shaped calcaneum, and elongated ilium and pubis.
		In taphonomy, refers to a body that is in the same place where it originally died.
		Clade of saurischian dinosaur, placed with the clades Theropoda, Tetanurae, and Avetheropoda, Coelurosauria, Maniraptoriformes, Maniraptora, and Avialae.
	www.blackwellpublishing.com /dinosaurs/glossary-a-e.asp (1916 words)

	Major theropod clades - EvoWiki (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Avetheropoda - Node-based taxon containing the common ancestor of Coelurosauria and Carnosauria, and all descendents.
		Coelurosauria - Stem-based taxon containing all forms closer to Neornithes than to Allosaurus.
		Carnosauria - Stem-based taxon containing all forms closer to Allosaurus than to Neornithes.
	wiki.cotch.net /index.php?title=Major_theropod_clades&redirect=no (181 words)

	GEOL 104 Lecture 23: Theropoda II, Coelurosauria: Tyrant Kings and Lesser Royals
		GEOL 104 Lecture 23: Theropoda II, Coelurosauria: Tyrant Kings and Lesser Royals
		Coelurosauria includes a wide diversity of forms, including omnivores, herbivores, and birds!
		Their strong claw may have been used to pound into termite mounds.
	www.geol.umd.edu /~tholtz/G104/10423coel.htm (712 words)

	Palaeos Vertebrates 340.100 Theropoda: Basal Theropods
		In any case, the eustreptospondylids were very large animals (around 8 meters), close to the ancestry of the Avetheropoda (i.e.: This is Carnosauria plus Coelurosauria; Coelurosauria includes Tyrannosaurus, Velociraptor, Oviraptor, and birds).
		All Tetanurans lack the fourth digit of the hand, have all their maxilliary (upper jaw) teeth in front of their eyes, have a strap-like scapula (shoulder blade), and various other anatomical characteristics, which indicate that all tetanurans evolved from a single common ancestor.
		Tetanurans are generally subdivided into two clades, the Carnosauria and the Coelurosauria.
	www.palaeos.com /Vertebrates/Units/340Theropoda/340.100.html (1856 words)

	Secondary Flightlessness (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Many workers have suggested a flightless stage as seen in modern Ratitae for Maniraptora, meaning that some typical cretaceous Coelurosauria had lost their ability to fly of one or several origins.
		Especially Gregory Paul discussed theory in his book “Dinosaurs of the air” (2002), using skeletal and plumage details for arguing.
		The evolutionary line of Deinonychus, Sinornithosaurus, Unenlagia, Archaeopteryx, Pygostylia is at content now, but workers standing for SF review this to the other direction.
	www.dinosauromorpha.de /flightlessness.htm (1274 words)

	The Paleobiology Database
		'Bagaraatan belongs to Coelurosauria' according to T. Holtz, Jr.
		'Coelurosauria belongs to Avetheropoda' according to T. Holtz, Jr.
		'Maniraptoriformes belongs to Coelurosauria' according to T. Holtz, Jr.
	flatpebble.nceas.ucsb.edu /cgi-bin/bridge.pl?action=displayTaxonomicNamesAndOpinions&reference_no=12448 (628 words)

	Lec 12 The Meat Eaters
		However, in a recent article of the Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology; Padian, Hutchinson, and Holtz (1999) have proposed a revision of the major groups of theropod dinosaurs and have attempted to resolve some of the confusion in theropod phylogeny.
		Compsognathus (a small chicken-sized theropod - first appearance of the semilunate carpal bone) is at the base of the Coelurosauria clade, with the more bird-like smaller theropods, but also Tyrannosaurus and kin (Tyrannosauridae) and the likes of Velociraptor, Deinonychus, and Utahraptor (Dromaeosaurids) higher up in the clade Coelurosauria.
		The birds (Aves) are also placed in the Coelurosauria and are very closely related to the family Dromaeosauridae.
	www.wvup.edu /ecrisp/lec12themeateaters.html (3501 words)

	Dino Web - Did birds evolve from dinosaurs?
		The Theropods are divided into several infraorders (like Coelurosauria) and several families (like Carnosauria).
		The Tetanurae are divided into the family of Carnosauria and the infraorder Coelurosauria.
		The Coelurosauria are divided into the family of the Ornithomimids and the infraorder Maniraptora.
	www.dino-web.com /birds.html (1009 words)

	What groups of dinosaurs existed?
		Among the more basal coelurosauria are Ornitholestes, Compsognathus and Dryptosaurus (the most likely identity of the specimens named as ``Laelaps'' in the early decades of dinosaur palaeontology.)
		Coelurosauria --Tyrannosauria `--Maniraptoriformes --Ornithomimosauria `--Maniraptora --Alvarezsauria --+--Oviraptorosauria
		If this phylogeny is correct, then the advanced coelurosaurs are the Tyrannosauria and Maniraptoriformes, with the latter consisting of Ornithomimosauria and Maniraptora; the Maniraptora consist of the Alvarezsauria an Oviraptorosauria-and-Therizinosauria clade known as the enigmosauria, plus Paraves; Paraves consists of the Avialae (including modern birds), and a clade consisting of Troodontidae and Dromaeosauridae
	www.miketaylor.org.uk /dino/faq/s-class/overview/index.html (3381 words)

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