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Topic: Coffea canephora (robusta)

	Coffea canephora - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Coffea robusta) is a species of coffee which has its origins in western Africa.
		Coffea canephora was not classified as a species of Coffea until about a hundred years after Coffea arabica in the 18th Century, but grew indigenously in Western and Central Africa.
		The Robusta plant has a greater crop yield than that of Arabica and is less susceptible to pest and disease, but is said to a have a taste more bitter than Arabica.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Coffea_canephora_(robusta) (258 words)

	Coffea arabica - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Coffea arabica is a species of coffee indigenous to Ethiopia.
		Coffea arabica is believed to be the first species of coffee to be cultivated, being grown in southwest Arabia for well over 1,000 years.
		Unlike Coffea canephora (robusta), Coffea arabica prefers to be grown in light shade.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Coffea_arabica (927 words)

	Coffee - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Compared to arabica, robusta tends to be bitter and has little flavor, with a telltale "burnt rubber" or "wet cardboard" aroma and flavor.
		Good quality robustas are used as ingredients in some espresso blends to provide a better "crema" (foamy head), and to lower the ingredient cost.
		Robusta coffees (traded in London at much lower prices than New York's Arabica) are preferred by large industrial clients (multinational roasters, instant coffee producers, etc.) because of their lower cost.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Coffee (1413 words)

	Coffee (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		canephora is native to the lowland forests from Liberia east and south to Kenya and the Congo basin.
		Cuttings are used for robusta propagation, and to a lesser extent in arabicas.
		Robusta is commonly trained to a multiple stem system since it tends to shade itself out and become unproductive trained to a single stem.
	www.uga.edu /fruit/coffee.htm (6162 words)

	Coffea - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The coffee plant is a shrub or small tree classified in the genus, Coffea.
		There are several species of Coffea that may be grown for the beans, but Coffea arabica is considered to have the best quality.
		The other species (especially Coffea canephora (robusta)) are grown on land unsuitable for Coffea arabica.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Coffea (1582 words)

	Bucks County Coffee Co.
		Species of Coffea range from small shrubs to trees as tall as 32 feet high and the leaves can range in color from purple to yellow, however, green is the predominant color.
		Robusta coffee is grown in West and Central Africa, throughout Southeast Asia, and parts of South America including Brazil, where it is known as Conilon.
		Robusta trees produce their first crop 3 to 4 years after planting and they remain fruitful for 20 to 30 years.
	www.buckscountycoffee.com /aboutus/media/what_is_coffee.html (467 words)

	Robusta Coffee Beans (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Coffee coffee is the world's most popular beverage, and in terms of dollars is the second important species of coffee beans are coffea arabica and coffea robusta.
		The two most commercially important types are arabica (coffea arabica) and robusta (coffea canephora).
		Robusta coffee beans of different roasting degrees have been measured a lot of.
	www.javakingcoffee.com /info/RobustaCoffeeBeans (1017 words)

	Greenwich Blue Coffee - coffee_facts - Jamaica Blue Mountain Coffee (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Since Coffea was first correctly described, by Linnaeus in the mid 18th century, botanists have failed to agree on a precise classification system.
		Robusta coffee is grown in West and Central Africa, throughout South-East Asia and to some extent in Brazil, where it is known as Conillon.
		Crosses between arabica and robusta aim to improve arabica by confering disease resistance and vigour or to improve on the cup quality of robusta.
	greenwichblue.com /greenwich.dti?page=coffee_facts&... (973 words)

	Robusta Coffees for Home Roast Espresso Blends
		Robusta coffee is the trade name for Coffea canephora, a different species of coffee from the genus Coffea and cousin to the higher-grown Coffea arabica L.
		Robusta is not for use in filter-drip coffee blends.
		But there is a valid use for Robusta coffees that are picked, sorted, processed and prepared with as much care as top grade Arabicas; this valid use is in the 5 to 20% range in espresso blends.
	www.sweetmarias.com /coffee.robusta.html (848 words)

	Medscape MEDLINE search: Coffea
		Two species of the genus Coffea, Coffea arabica (Colombia) and Coffea canephora (Indiano Robusta) were analysed by two-dimensional (2-D) maps in order to obtain fingerprints of the expressed polypeptide chains and to determine which ones would characterize the two species.
		The first bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library of Robusta coffee (Coffea canephora) was constructed, with the aim of developing molecular resources to study the genome structure and evolution of this perennial crop.
		The genetic parameters of several agronomic traits were estimated in Coffea canephora in a triangular diallel with six parents and in a partial diallel with 18 parents.
	search.medscape.com /uslclient/searchMedline.do?queryText=Coffea (1176 words)

	Coffea Arabica Resources (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Conservation and use of the wild populations of Coffea arabica in the montane rainforests of Ethiopia...
		Coffea arabica L. Rubiaceae Arabica coffee, Arabian coffee, Abyssinian coffee, Brazilian coffee.
		Coffea arabica- Coffee (Rubiaceae) The pits in the drupe (a fruit like a cherry or peach) are the coffee beans of commerce.
	www.supercoffeezones.info /coffea-arabica (748 words)

	Encyclopedia :: encyclopedia : Coffee (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Coffea arabica is the older of the two, originating as the name implies in the Arabian Peninsula.
		It is more susceptible to disease, and considered by professional cuppers to be greatly superior in flavor to Coffea canephora (robusta), which contains about twice as much caffeine—a natural insecticide—and can be cultivated in environments where arabica will not thrive.
		One unusual and very expensive variety of robusta is the Indonesian Kopi Luwak and the Philippine Kape Alamid.
	www.hallencyclopedia.com /Coffee (7863 words)

	Gourmet Coffee Beans A Brief Overview (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		There is the Coffea Arabica, which is the more traditional coffee and considered to be superior in flavor, and the Coffea Canephora known more commonly as Robusta.
		Robusta tends to be higher in caffeine and can be grown in climates and environments were Arabica would not be profitable.
		Robusta is also typically more bitter and acidic in flavor.
	amazingonline.info /a-12370-Gourmet_Coffee_Beans__a_Brief_Overview.html (658 words)

	Make-Coffee: The various species of coffee plant
		There are more than 50 species of coffee plant in the rubiaceae family, but just two of them provide most of the world's commercial coffee: these are Coffea Arabica, the original plant discovered in Abyssinia, and Coffea canephora, better known as Robusta because of its hardy nature and resistance to pests and diseases.
		Another species, Coffea liberica and excelsa; both are so resistant to natural enemies that are practically indestructible but they taste awful.
		Another disadvantage of Robusta is that it must be pollinated to reproduce, whereas Arabica is self-propagating.
	www.make-coffee.com /all-about-coffee/species-coffee-plant.php (312 words)

	Coffee: Coffee Plant
		Coffea canephora, known as Robusta coffee, is more resilient plant than the Arabica shrubs, but produces an inferior tasting beverage.
		The Arabica species is self-pollinating, whereas the Robusta species depends on cross pollination.
		About 6-8 weeks after the flowers are fertilized, cell division occurs and the fruit remains as a pin head for a period that is dependent upon the climate.
	www.coffeeresearch.org /coffee/coffeeplant.htm (528 words)

	Coffea canephora: the 'R' word. \| Food and Beverage Industries
		In the current fashion of producing pre-ground flavored coffees, Robusta coffee may be buried under the flavoring compounds in these "gourmet" blends prepared for the coffee service and grocery trade.
		The traditional taste of espresso is the taste of Robustas and Naturals from far-flung former colonies such as Angola, Ethiopia, etc. While several premium espresso blends, most notably Illycaffe, have developed following the All-Arabica philosophy, most of the Italian and French-made coffees continue to be blended with Robustas.
		"Coffea canephora: the 'R' word." is an article from the Food and Beverage Industries category.
	www.allbusiness.com /periodicals/article/308555-1.html (553 words)

	Histological study of somatic embryogenesis in robusta coffee (Coffea canephora). I. Callogenesis. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Histological study of somatic embryogenesis in robusta coffee (Coffea canephora).
		Leaf explants were taken from second, third and fourth nodes of branches from the mid-region of robusta coffee plants and cultured in vitro.
		An endogenous callus composed of meristematic cells was identified after 11 days but after 20 days its structure was heterogeneous and exogenous.
	trophort.com /information/data/B01/S79/GAR95HIS35X0512.html (94 words)

	Robusta, - ROBUSTA COFFEE - LIFFE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Our experience and philosophy is to mix between arabica and robusta.
		Coffea canephora, known as Robusta coffee, is more robust than the Arabica The Arabica species is self-pollinating, whereas the Robusta species depends
		Coffee beans from the Coffea canephora bush (formerly classified as Coffea robusta, hence the name).
	seekmicro.com /?q=robusta (211 words)

	Coffee - Wikimedia Commons
		Coffee (COFFEA ARABICA) Trees in Plantation of Brazil
		Coffee Fruits (COFFEA ARABICA) in Plantation of Brazil
		Red Catucaí Coffee, a variety of COFFEA ARABICA - maturation in different stage - Matipó City - Minas Gerais State - Brazil
	commons.wikimedia.org /wiki/Coffee (284 words)

	first (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		“Coffee” comes from Latin form of the genus Coffea, a member of the Rubiaceae family which includes more than 500 genera and 6,000 species of tropical trees and shrubs, but the typical coffee drinker is likely to be familiar with two: Coffea arabica (pronounced either a-ra-bik-a or ar-a-be-ka and Coffea canephora (var.
		The Instant coffee is produced from a blend of fine varieties of Arabica and Robusta Coffes.
		The strength and cup quality of instant coffee is due to high degree of quality control at each stage of the manufacturing operations.
	www.user.cityline.ru /~upsunrus/coffee.htm (518 words)

	Rehabilitation of Robusta coffee, Coffea canephora Pierre. Influence of stumping height and multiple shooting on ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Influence of stumping height and multiple shooting on flushing and cherry production.
		Robusta coffee trees about 5 m high, planted in 1966, were cut back in 1980 to 15, 30 or 60 cm from the soil surface.
		New shoots, thinned to 2, 3 or 4/stand, began fruiting within a year of treatment.
	trophort.com /information/data/B02/S67/OKE82REH2730452.html (103 words)

	Articles - Coffee (drink) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Thought to be indigenous to Ethiopia, it was first cultivated on the Arabian Peninsula.
		While more susceptible to disease, it is considered by most to taste better thanCoffea canephora (robusta).
		Robusta, which contains about twice as much caffeine, can be cultivated in environments where arabica will not thrive.
	www.phraya.net /articles/Coffee_(drink) (908 words)

	Coffea - Alternative medicine - Alternative medicine
		Image:Detail of Coffea canephora branch and leaves.jpgthumbnail200pxleftRobusta Coffee
		Blending can occur before or after roasting and is often performed to ensure a consistent flavor.
		Image:Coffee Immature.jpgthumbrightCoffee (Coffea arabica) branch with immature fruit - Brazil
	www.famouschinese.com /virtual/Coffea (1626 words)

	Coffee, Robusta - Coffea robusta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		An herb entry from the Ancient Herbs and Modern Herbs book by James K. Sayre, Copyright, 2001.
		Coffea robusta (Coffea canephora) - family: Rubiaceae (Madder Family).
		They are the source of a supposedly lesser grade of coffee than that brewed from Coffea arabica.
	www.bottlebrushpress.com /coffeer.html (194 words)

	PLANTS Profile for Coffea canephora (robusta coffee) \| USDA PLANTS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		PLANTS Profile for Coffea canephora (robusta coffee)
		View 84 genera in Rubiaceae, 6 species in Coffea
		Coffea canephora Pierre ex Froehner – robusta coffee
	plants.usda.gov /java/profile?symbol=COCA39&mode=Print (81 words)

	SELECTION CRITERIA FOR ROBUSTA COFFEE (COFFEA CANEPHORA) IN SOUTH AFRICA
		SELECTION CRITERIA FOR ROBUSTA COFFEE (COFFEA CANEPHORA) IN SOUTH AFRICA
		With a growing demand for Coffea canephora in South Africa and with the few successful plantings giving variable yields, a selection programme for improved plant material was started in 1986 at the Burgershall Research Station.
		Promising results have been obtained and this paper presents data for the first three seasons.
	www.actahort.org /books/275/275_44.htm (180 words)

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