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Topic: Cognition

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Cognitive psychology

Cognitive science

Cognitive neuroscience

Mental functions

Cognitivism (psychology)

Psychology

Cognitive dissonance

Evolutionary psychology

Biological psychology

Theory of cognitive development

Neuropsychology

Animal intelligence

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	Welcome to Cognition Partners
		With many years of management and entrepreneurial success, Cognition focuses on accelerating growth of clients' revenue and market share using well defined analytics, methodologies and an established network of contacts across the Global 1000.
		Cognition announces the addition of a unique market research and customer insight service to its Rapid Precision Marketing service.
		Cognition client receives second award in a year, capping off 12 months of incredible growth and increased recognition as an industry leader.
	www.cognitionpartners.com (139 words)

	Educational Psychology Interactive: The Cognitive System
		Cognition can be defined as "the act or process of knowing in the broadest sense; specifically, an intellectual process by which knowledge is gained from perception or ideas" (Webster's Dictionary).
		Cognition is central to the development of psychology as a scientific discipline.
		Metacognition is another area in cognition that draws from a number of different perspectives and is the study of how we develop knowledge about one's own cognitive system.
	chiron.valdosta.edu /whuitt/col/cogsys/cogsys.html (400 words)

	Cognition - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Cognition is an abstract property of advanced living organisms, therefore it is studied as a direct property of a brain or of an abstract mind on subsymbolic and symbolic levels.
		Recently, advanced cognitive researchers are especially focused on the capacities of abstraction, generalization, concretization/specialization and meta-reasoning which descriptions involve such concepts as, beliefs, knowledge, desires, preferences and intentions of intelligent individuals/objects/agents/systems.
		The term "cognition" is also used in a wider sense to mean the act of knowing or knowledge, and may be interpreted in a social or cultural sense to describe the emergent development of knowledge and concepts within a group that culminate in both thought and action.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cognition (1623 words)

	Situated Cognition
		Drawing on recent research into cognition as it is manifest in everyday activity, the authors argue that knowledge is situated, being in part a product of the activity, context, and culture in which it is developed and used.
		And conversely, we argue that approaches such as cognitive apprenticeship (Collins, Brown, and Newman, in press) that embed learning in activity and make deliberate use of the social and physical context are more in line with the understanding of learning and cognition that is emerging from research.
		Cognitive emphasizes that apprenticeship techniques actually reach well beyond the physical skills usually associated with apprenticeship to the kinds of cognitive skills more normally associated with conventional schooling.
	www.exploratorium.edu /IFI/resources/museumeducation/situated.html (9015 words)

	Embodied Cognition [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy]
		From this point of view, cognition depends on the kinds of experiences that come from having a body with particular perceptual and motor capacities that are inseparably linked and that together form the matrix within which memory, emotion, language, and all other aspects of life are meshed.
		The contemporary notion of embodied cognition stands in contrast to the prevailing cognitivist stance which sees the mind as a device to manipulate symbols and is thus concerned with the formal rules and processes by which the symbols appropriately represent the world (xx).
		Yet, embodied cognition theorists question the evolutionary viability of viewing cognition as passive retrieval; they maintain it is too time-consuming and unnecessary for organisms to formulate representations that completely mirror environmental features that are unrelated to the goal-directed activity the organism is currently performing.
	www.iep.utm.edu /e/embodcog.htm (6572 words)

	Cognition Module Overview
		The purpose of this module is to introduce some of the basics of cognitive science that apply to Human Factors design.
		The field of cognitive psychology is one of the most interesting and most complex aspects of the Human Factors discipline.
		Cognition refers not only to the acquisition of knowledge but also to the processes by which sensory information is attended to, transformed, stored, revised, retrieved, and used.
	www.hf.faa.gov /webtraining/Cognition/Cognition1.htm (163 words)

	CALT Encyclopedia - cognition
		A discussion of possible applications of the theory and architecture is given for Conscious Matte and Tutor, and a detailed design and possible implementation are expected to be given in the final version of this dissertation.
		The Cognitive Technology Society aims to put concern for humans at the centre of technological development.
		Instruments: IP, NoE, STREP, CA Focus is on research into ways of endowing artificial systems with high-level cognitive capabilities, typically perception, understanding, learning, knowledge representation and deliberation, thus advancing enabling technologies for scene interpretation, natural language understanding, automated reasoning and problemsolving, robotics and automation, that are relevant for dealing with complex realworld systems.
	www.calt.insead.edu /Encyclopedia/?cognition (1130 words)

	Cognition Corporation - [ COMPANY ] : Company Overview
		Cognition is uniquely positioned at the plexus of customer applications and technology.
		Cognition's enterprise products will include an embedded database for knowledge capture and reuse, can be used on or off a network, and will be designed for speed and flexibility.
		Cognition products will be extendable and may be modified for/by our customers.
	www.cognition.us /company/company.htm (354 words)

	cognition
		Some biologists might ask us to believe that cognition is an epiphenomenon or product of biology itself, but it’s not really possible to separate the two — effectively the they refer to the same thing from different perspectives and in general I doubt we could locate any isolated instance of either.
		All ‘organisms’ are cognitive organisms, which is to say that they modulate their activity according to stimuli, and that this is a process of establishing, attenuating and conserving relational linkages with other organisms and environmental circumstance.
		The fact of terrestrial cognition is that there are so many ways of assembling contact across seemingly impossible gaps — that any gap we can possibly name or invent has already been thoroughly explored, transcended, and sometimes even colonized — long before we began to consider it ‘an obstacle’ in formal terms.
	www.organelle.org /organelle/cogni/cognition.html (2001 words)

	finalversion (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Cognitive ethologists are typically willing to go much further than comparative psychologists by adopting folk-psychological terms to explain the behavior of nonhuman animals.
		This attitude presupposes a distinction between cognitive and mental state attributions that is not commonly articulated.
		He writes that the abilities of typical adult human believers to report and answer questions about their beliefs "are themselves associated with an ability to become aware of or to be conscious of the contents of one's beliefs."; (Stich 1978, p.504) Stich, rather deliberately, has little to say about what such consciousness consists in.
	grimpeur.tamu.edu /~colin/Papers/konstanz.html (5191 words)

	Funderstanding - Vygotsky and Social Cognition
		The social cognition learning model asserts that culture is the prime determinant of individual development.
		In short, according to the social cognition learning model, culture teaches children both what to think and how to think.
		Cognitive development results from a dialectical process whereby a child learns through problem-solving experiences shared with someone else, usually a parent or teacher but sometimes a sibling or peer.
	www.funderstanding.com /vygotsky.cfm (647 words)

	Cognition Inc.
		Cognition Technologies, Inc. ("Cognition") is a Search technology company, based in Santa Monica, CA, which has created the next evolution in text search technology.
		Through its patented linguistic Search architecture, known as CognitionSearch, the Company is able to deliver significantly more precise search results, with far greater recall, than is possible with currently used Search technologies.
		To view a demonstration of Cognition's technology, please visit www.CognitionSearch.com.
	www.cognition.com (66 words)

	Maturana (1978b): Cognition
		If cognition is considered a human property and, as such, a given constituent of ourselves, and if we accept this as a starting point, whether explicitly or implicitly, then our attention necessarily turns to questions related to the use of cognition.
		Accordingly, my purpose is to study cognition as a biological phenomenon; but in order to do so I must define cognition as a biological phenomenon with the use of cognition, or, at least, I must show with the use of cognition how the phenomenon of cognition arises in the operation of living systems.
		If cognition is the effective operation of a living system in a medium, and if this effective operation is the result in each individual of a history of phylogenic and ontogenic structural coupling, the question of how cognition takes place is, in principle, answered.
	www.enolagaia.com /M78bCog.html (8075 words)

	Cognition as Compression
		There is solid evidence that first language learning by children may, to a large extent, be understood as information compression (see the publications that may be obtained from that page, especially Learning syntax and meanings through optimization and distributional analysis).
		'Cognition as compression' has provided the inspiration for a programme of research on Computing as Compression, developing the conjecture that all kinds of computing and formal reasoning may usefully be understood as information compression by pattern matching, unification and search - and developing a 'new generation' computing system based on the theory.
		Much of this research is relevant to understanding human cognition as described in two 'overview' articles (Multiple alignment, cognition and computing (short) and Information compression by multiple alignment, unification and search as a unifying principle in computing and cognition (long)) and in several other publications.
	www.cognitionresearch.org.uk /cognition.html (471 words)

	Glossary of Terms: Co (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The central concept in the Marxist understanding of Cognition is practice, which is the criterion of truth for Marxism.
		Central to the problem of cognition is the relation between Subject and Object.
		Lenin wrote “The splitting of a single whole and the cognition of its contradictory parts is the essence...
	www.marxists.org /glossary/terms/c/o.htm (14833 words)

	Cognition
		Cognitive information processing schemas, or sets of propositions that serve to structure information, serve both of these functions.
		I suggest that this is because instances such as the Milgram experiment are only the most obvious cases of a very common cognitive phenomenon I call "dormitization." This is the act of attributing the effect of a relationship to one of the constituents of the relationship.
		Paying more attention to salient information is a useful cognitive filter, as in a great number of everyday situations, information that is among the most salient is also among the most important.
	www.thinking.net /Cognition/cognition.html (2254 words)

	Elsevier.com - Cognition
		A paper's theoretical relevance to cognition, overall soundness of the argument and degree of empirical motivation, especially from converging sources, are more important than adherence to specific methodological principles.
		Cognition occasionally publishes special issues devoted to a research area that has seen rapid recent progress, promising new approaches, and convergence among different disciplines.
		Cognition publishes many of the most important papers in cognitive science and is the premier international and interdisciplinary journal in the field.
	www.elsevier.com /wps/product/cws_home/505626 (485 words)

	Overview of Autopoietic Theory (Site not responding. Last check: )
		This shifts the focus from discernment of active agencies and replicable actions through which a given process ('cognition') is conducted (the viewpoint of cognitive science) to the discernment of those features of an organism's form which determine its engagement with its milieu.
		To Maturana and Varela, cognition is contingent on embodiment, because this ability to differentiate is a consequence of the organism's specific structure.
		In other words, cognition is a matter of interacting in the manner(s) in which one is capable of interacting, not processing what is objectively there to be seen.
	www.acm.org /sigs/sigois/auto/ATReview.html (1781 words)

	Amazon.com: Cognition: Books: John C. Jahnke,Ronald H. Nowaczyk (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The book is written from the standpoint of cognitive psychology, while integrating the contributions that disciplines such as neuroscience, biopsychology, linguistics, and artificial intelligence have made to the study of mind.
		Stressing both ideas and their development; particular attention is given to research that has opened new areas of inquiry and shaped the field.
		Cognition focuses on the manner in which empirical research informs our understanding of the mind as well as central concepts and theoretical developments while avoiding an encyclopedic approach.
	www.amazon.com /Cognition-John-C-Jahnke/dp/0131402862 (849 words)

	Taylor & Francis Journals: Welcome
		Cognition and Emotion is devoted to the study of emotion, especially to those aspects of emotion related to mental processes.
		The journal aims to bring together work on emotion undertaken by researchers in cognitive, social, clinical, and developmental psychology, neuropsychology, and cognitive science; it also welcomes psychologically oriented submissions from those in philosophy, computer science, the humanities, anthropology, sociology, and other social sciences.
		Examples of topics appropriate for the journal include emotional appraisals; effects of emotion or mood on cognition and motivation; the nature of emotional experience; self-regulation of emotion or mood; social, historical, or cultural aspects of emotion; and the nature of particular emotions or emotionality in general.
	www.tandf.co.uk /journals/pp/02699931.html (256 words)

	Rashmi Sinha's weblog
		In a series of essays on tagging [Sinha, 2005(2)], I argued that the cognitive and the social are two dimensions that need to be considered in parallel for many technologies.
		A graduate student - named Ogi - studying Cognitive Neuroscience of memory (that the exact description of what I did in graduate school as well) decides to use his understanding of memory to gain an edge in "Who wants to be a millionaire".
		The premise behind Cognitive Anthropology is that culture and cognition are inseparable - if you want to understand actions, objects, relationships in a culture, you need to understand people's cognition, their mental models.
	www.rashmisinha.com /archives/cognition (6816 words)

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