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	Cohort study - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A cohort study is a form of longitudinal study used in medicine and social science.
		In epidemiology, the term cohort is defined as a group of people who share a common characteristic or experience within a defined time period (e.g., age, occupation, exposure to a drug or a vaccine, insured persons etc.).
		Shorter term studies are commonly used in medical research as a form of clinical trial, or means to test a particular hypothesis of clinical importance.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cohort_study (606 words)

	ATSDR - El Paso Multiple Sclerosis Cluster Investigation
		In addition to obtaining MS prevalence estimates for the study cohorts, one of the study objectives was to evaluate the feasibility of obtaining historic environmental and biological sampling data from the early 1970s to help address environmental concerns.
		For women in the combined cohort, elevated prevalence estimates are seen in both the 41 to 50 and the 51 to 60 age groups; almost twice as high in the 41 to 50 age group and two and a half times as high in the 51 to 60 age group.
		The twofold excess of MS demonstrated for the Mesita cohort and the zero cases reported for the E.B. Jones cohort could be due to a true difference in the disease experience of the two cohorts or could be due to the lack of participation and reporting by the former E.B. Jones students.
	www.atsdr.cdc.gov /elpaso/pubcom.html (12227 words)

	NIDDK : Clinical Research : Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) Study
		In contrast to the many studies of cardiovascular disease in ESRD patients, most notably in those undergoing hemodialysis, there is a noticeable lack of epidemiological studies documenting the occurrence of and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in persons with chronic renal insufficiency in the United States.
		The CRIC study is a longitudinal cohort study of 3,000 persons, ages 21 to 74, with mild to moderate chronic renal insufficiency.
		The study began in April 2003 at seven clinical centers: University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; University of Maryland-Johns Hopkins, Baltimore; University of Illinois at Chicago Clinical Centers; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Kaiser Permanente of Northern California/ University of California, San Francisco; Tulane University, New Orleans; and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland.
	www.niddk.nih.gov /patient/cric/cric.htm (1219 words)

	BMA - BMA cohort study ninth report (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The BMA cohort study of 1995 medical graduates is a 10-year longitudinal study of the career paths of junior doctors.
		The cohort study complements existing research by allowing data to be collected over a continuous period, thereby addressing the current lack of information on workforce flows.
		Cohort doctors were asked to rate satisfaction with their current work-life balance on a scale from 1(least satisfied) to 10 (most satisfied).
	www.bma.org.uk /ap.nsf/Content/cohort2004 (1775 words)

	VACS: Veterans Aging Cohort Study (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Veterans Aging Cohort Study (VACS) is a prospective, observational cohort study of HIV- positive and an age/race/site matched control group of HIV- negative veterans in care in the United States.
		The study's aim is to understand the role of comorbid medical and psychiatric disease in determining clinical outcomes in HIV infection.
		The virtual cohort is complemented by a prospectively-consented, “living” cohort of veterans with and without HIV infection, currently in care at eight VA medical centers around the country.
	www.vacohort.org (367 words)

	Cohort - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Cohort (computer science), a concept in computer science.
		Usually used in a negative sense as in, Cohorts in crime.
		A Skull and Bones class is called a cohort.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cohort (134 words)

	Pooling Project of Prospective Studies of Diet and Cancer at Harvard School of Public Health
		Each study is a published cohort study which 1) used a comprehensive dietary assessment method to measure usual diet, 2) assessed the validity of their dietary assessment instrument or a closely related instrument, and 3) included a minimum number of cases of the specific cancer being examined.
		The Cancer Prevention Study II Nutrition Cohort is an ongoing cohort study comprised of a subset of participants in the Cancer Prevention Study II, a cohort study of approximately 1.2 million men and women that began in 1982.
		The Health Professionals Follow-up Study is an ongoing cohort study that was initiated in 1986 and consists of 51,529 male dentists, pharmacists, optometrists, osteopaths, podiatrists, and veterinarians aged 40-75 years at the beginning of the study.
	www.hsph.harvard.edu /poolingproject/about.html (1144 words)

	NIDDK : Continuation of AASK Cohort Study
		The Continuation of AASK Cohort Study was initiated at the conclusion of the AASK Intervention Study.
		The primary goal of the Continuation of AASK Cohort Study is to investigate the environmental, socio-economic, genetic, physiologic, and other co-morbid factors that influence progression of kidney disease in a well-characterized cohort of African Americans with hypertensive kidney disease.
		The protocol used in the Continuation of AASK Cohort Study is similar to that proposed for the new Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) Study to be initiated by the middle to late 2002 to permit ultimate integration and comparison of the two data sets.
	www.niddk.nih.gov /patient/aask/aask.htm (592 words)

	UBC Sawmill Cohort Study (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Central to this is the large cohort study of approximately 26,000 BC Sawmill workers which examined a number of health effects associated with chlorophenate and dioxin exposure.
		The data were collected during three related studies: a retrospective cohort study of chlorophenate-exposed sawmill workers; a study of the acute effects of substitute fungicides; and a cross-sectional survey of fungicide application techniques in sawmills and shipping terminals.
		For a cohort study of chlorophenate-exposed sawmill workers, historical exposures from the 1940s to the 1980s were estimated by teams of 9 to 20 employees (each interviewed individually).
	www.interchg.ubc.ca /hdavies (2664 words)

	NIH Guide: COHORT STUDIES IN CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY
		In the cohort design, information on the study factor is known for all subjects at the beginning of the follow-up period, and they are followed over time to determine who among them develop the disease(s) of interest.
		Therefore, the study factor of interest, or exposure, is observed and measured before the disease is detected, making it likely that the study factor is related to disease development (i.e., is a risk factor) instead of being part of the disease process.
		Also, because study factor information must be observed at the outset of the study, a cohort study design limits opportunities for generating new etiologic hypotheses requiring information on other, unanticipated exposures.
	grants.nih.gov /grants/guide/pa-files/PAR-04-011.html (2947 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		A Cohort Study is a study in which patients who presently have a certain condition and/or receive a particular treatment are followed over time and compared with another group who are not affected by the condition under investigation.
		Cohort studies are not as reliable as randomized controlled studies, since the two groups may differ in ways other than in the variable under study.
		Even so, cohort studies are generally preferred to case control studies, since they involve far fewer statistical problems and generally produce more reliable answers.
	servers.medlib.hscbklyn.edu /ebm/2400.htm (197 words)

	A National Prospective Cohort Study of American Children (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		In a prospective cohort study, individuals are followed forward in time, sometimes for many years, to track the appearance of disease and disability.
		Each subject in a prospective cohort study is compared with him or herself, largely eliminating the impact of inter-individual variation, and greatly enhancing ability to detect adverse effects.
		Moreover, the prospective cohort is the only study design to permit direct examination of risk factor exposure through onset of dysfunction, thus permitting recognition of the sequence of causal events.
	www.childenvironment.org /factsheets/longitudinal_study.htm (1685 words)

	Circumcision and Subsequent Risk of UTI
		Since the birth cohort includes babies who were born between April, 1993, and March, 1994, the aim of age-matching procedure was to ensure that the circumcised and uncircumcised babies had equal length of follow-up.
		Both cohorts showed low probabilities of hospital admission for UTI (life-table method), though the probability was higher in the uncircumcised cohort than in the circumcised cohort.
		Urinary tract infections and circumcision, a case-control study.
	www.cirp.org /library/disease/UTI/to2 (2887 words)

	Drinking Water Arsenic in Utah: A Cohort Mortality Study
		In the late 1970s the EPA conducted a small study in Millard County, Utah, on a population exposed to drinking water with a mean arsenic concentration of at least 150 ppb (range 53-750 ppb).
		Cohort members were enrolled from historical LDS ward registries (18): 1,191 (29.4%) from Delta and 1,192 (29.4%) from Hinckley; the remaining 1,675 (41.2%) were enrolled from historical ward registries from the surrounding areas of Deseret, Abraham, and Oasis.
		During this study, the investigators were able to gather a considerable number of arsenic concentrations from private wells, so that estimates of exposure to arsenic from drinking water for individuals may be possible in future studies.
	ehp.niehs.nih.gov /members/1999/107p359-365lewis/lewis-full.html (5897 words)

	An Expanded Cohort Study of Cancer Among Benzene-exposed Workers in China
		An expanded cohort study of 74,828 benzene-exposed and 35,805 unexposed workers were followed during 1972 to 1987, based on a previous study in 12 cities in China.
		The present study was initiated as a collaboration between the Institute of Occupational Medicine, China, and the U.S. National Cancer Institute (NCI), based on an earlier retrospective cohort study carried out by Chinese investigators among 28,480 benzene-exposed and 28,257 unexposed workers followed up from 1972 to 1981 in China (5).
		To date, this study is the largest cohort mortality investigation, comprising 81 cases and 13 cases of HLD observed in exposed and unexposed groups, respectively.
	ehp.niehs.nih.gov /docs/1996/Suppl-6/yin.html (1752 words)

	ACS :: Cancer Prevention Study Overviews
		The Cancer Prevention Study II (CPS-II) is a prospective cohort study funded and conducted by the American Cancer Society (ACS).
		The goal of the study is to examine the impact of environmental and lifestyle factors on cancer etiology in a large group of American men and women.
		Study participants (known as the CPS-II Baseline Cohort) completed an initial study questionnaire in 1982 that obtained information on a range of lifestyle factors such as diet, use of alcohol and tobacco, occupation, medical history, and family cancer history.
	www.cancer.org /docroot/RES/content/RES_6_2_Study_Overviews.asp (784 words)

	Demographic and behavioral differences among participants, nonparticipants, and dropouts in a cohort study of men who ...
		Demographic and behavioral differences among participants, nonparticipants, and dropouts in a cohort study of men who have sex with men.
		GOAL OF THIS STUDY: To assess the potential for bias in a longitudinal study of sexual risk behavior among men who have sex with men.
		STUDY DESIGN: This was a cross-sectional comparison of clinical data regarding men who have sex with men attending an urban human immunodeficiency virus testing clinic.
	www.aegis.com /aidsline/1996/mar/M9630296.html (443 words)

	Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS) - DAIDS Specimen Repositories
		The Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS) is a prospective, longitudinal, cohort study of HIV infection in homosexual and bisexual men.
		Study the long-term consequences of HIV infection and its treatment.
		Finally, publication of study results should comply with the manuscript review requirements and acknowledgement format that are outlined on Pages 3 and 4 of the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study/Women's Interagency HIV Study Collaboration Concept Sheet Submission Form.
	www.niaid.nih.gov /reposit/macs.htm (817 words)

	Role of DES Cohort Studies
		The DESAD was assembled to conduct studies to determine if DES Daughters were at an increased risk for health problems related associated with their exposure to DES (Labarthe, 1978).
		The cohort was created to determine if women exposed to DES during pregnancy were at increased risk for cancer (Greenberg, 1984).
		The 1974 group comprised the second Dieckmann cohort; the first included mothers who were participants in a study at the University of Chicago in the early 1950s.
	www.cdc.gov /DES/consumers/research/understanding_cohort.html (909 words)

	A Birth Cohort Study of Subjects at Risk of Atopy . Twenty-two-year Follow-up of Wheeze and Atopic Status -- RHODES et ...
		This study describes the natural history of atopic and wheezy disorders from birth to adult life in a cohort at risk of atopy.
		This study follows prospectively a cohort of subjects at risk of atopic disorders from birth to 22 yr of age.
		The cohort was studied every 3 mo for the first year, annually thereafter until the age of 5 yr, and again at 11 yr.
	ajrccm.atsjournals.org /cgi/content/full/165/2/176 (3623 words)

	The Body: OCS Redux: International Statistical Panel Puts Observational Cohort Study Research Possibilities into ...
		One of the most frequent objections to carrying out randomized, controlled trials to answer questions about long-term effectiveness is that observational cohort studies could provide the answers faster, more cheaply and as a closer proxy to real-world clinical experience.
		Cohort studies provide a blunt instrument: if the effect is big, you can see it (the signal is bigger than the bias inherent in the lack of randomization).
		Cohorts complement randomized clinical trials -- there are currently no on-going randomized clinical trials that directly address these needs.
	www.thebody.com /tag/mar00/cohort.html (1313 words)

	DefenseLINK News: Millennium Cohort Study to Watch Military Health
		Cohort studies compare a group of individuals who share a common characteristic.
		She said the study will "over sample" reservists and female service members to get additional information on their health risks as increasing numbers of them comprise deployed military forces.
		Millennium Cohort is sponsored by the Office of Secretary of Defense's director of biosystems.
	www.defenselink.mil /news/Jun2001/n06192001_200106191.html (431 words)

	EPA: Federal Register: Workgroup and Study Assembly Meetings for the Longitudinal Cohort Study of Environmental Effects ...
		The purpose of the Study Assembly meeting is to discuss the status of planning a longitudinal cohort study of environmental effects on the health and well-being of children.
		The Study Assembly is open to anyone who indicates an interest in the study, and includes representatives of all stakeholders, both inside and outside of government, advocacy groups, industry, academic institutions, state and local governments, and community groups.
		To become a member of the Study Assembly, interested persons should send an email to nichdcohort@mail.nih.gov, and indicate whether they would like to participate in a Workgroup and area(s) of interest or expertise.
	www.epa.gov /fedrgstr/EPA-MEETINGS/2001/September/Day-11/m22752.htm (592 words)

	Current Trends Update: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome in the San Francisco Cohort Study, 1978-1985
		Between 1978 and 1980, a cohort of approximately 6,875 homosexual and bisexual men who had sought evaluation for sexually transmitted diseases at the San Francisco (California) City Clinic was enrolled in a series of studies of the prevalence, incidence, and prevention of hepatitis B virus infections (1,2).
		In a representative sample of cohort members, prevalence of antibody to HTLV-III/LAV, measured by an enzyme immunosorbent assay (EIA), increased from 4.5% in 1978 to 67.3% in 1984 (3).
		Sixty members of the cohort who were seronegative in 1984 were tested again in 1985, an average of 14 months (range 9-18) after their last specimens were collected; nine (15.0%) were found to have developed antibodies to HTLV-III/LAV.
	www.cdc.gov /mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000614.htm (903 words)

	UPDATE: The Millennium Cohort Study (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Millennium Cohort Study is designed to examine the health effects of military service on men and women, both during service and after they leave, Ryan explained.
		The project "is the largest and most ambitious study of military people ever," she added, noting that participants’ health would be evaluated over a 21-year period.
		She noted the critical importance of cohort members maintaining contact — participants are selected scientifically to provide an accurate cross-section of the force.
	deploymentlink.osd.mil /news/dquarterly/fall02/update_millenium_cohort_study.htm (528 words)

	Onset of adolescent eating disorders: population based cohort study over 3 years -- Patton et al. 318 (7186): 765 -- ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Our study showed that 8% of 15 year old girls dieted at a severe level and a further 60% dieted at a moderate level.
		Contributors: GCP, the principal investigator on the Victorian adolescent health cohort study, initiated the study, took part in the development and selection of study measures, and undertook data analysis and writing of the paper; he will act as guarantor for the paper.
		Analysis of binary outcomes in longitudinal studies using weighted estimating equations and discrete-time survival methods: prevalence and incidence of smoking in an adolescent cohort.
	bmj.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/318/7186/765 (3103 words)

	Clinical Trial: Cohort Study of Heart Rate Variability
		Also, to study the effect of elevated fasting insulin, glucose, diabetes mellitus, and other metabolic abnormalities on changes in HRV over nine years of follow-up.
		The study was ancillary to ARIC, a population-based, longitudinal study of cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases.
		The present study built on the data collected by the ARIC investigators by retrieving and processing beat-to-beat heart rate data collected during the baseline exam.
	clinicaltrials.gov /show/NCT00005399 (440 words)

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