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	Coincidence circuit - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In physics, a coincidence circuit is an electronic device with one output and two (or more) inputs.
		The coincidence circuit was developed in 1924 by Walther Bothe to detect cosmic ray events, and other atomic and sub-atomic particles.
		Hence use of a coincidence circuit greatly improves signal-to-noise ratio.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Coincidence_circuit (252 words)

	Electronic timepiece having an alarm device - Patent 4104865
		The outputs of the memory circuits 28M, 29M and 30M are applied to the switching circuit 22, the outputs of the memory circuits 28H, 29H and 30H are applied to the switching circuit 23, and the outputs of the memory circuits 28D, 29D and 30D are applied to the switching circuit 24.
		A total coincidence circuit 39 generates a coincidence signal of logic [1] upon detecting all of the logic [1] input signals when the outputs of the minute coincidence circuit 19, the hour coincidence circuit 20 and the date coincidence circuit 21 or the non-set signal passed by the OR-circuit 22a are applied.
		The switching circuit 23 passes the memorized contents of the memory circuit 29H to the decoder 25 by operation of the switching circuit 23, whereby the memorized contents of the memory circuit 29H is displayed by the display portion 3 of the display device 27.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4104865.html (5982 words)

	Walther Bothe - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Using this observation, he constructed the coincidence circuit allowing several counters in coincidence to determine the angular momentum of a particle.
		Bothe's coincidence circuit was one of the first AND logic gate (1924).
		Bothe began applying the coincidence method to the transmutation of light elements by the bombardment with alpha particles in 1927.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Walther_Bothe (625 words)

	Information-transmitting apparatus - Patent 4034350
		This output of noncoincidence sets the flip-flop circuit 5, a set output from which is supplied as a gating signal to the AND circuit 9 together with an output of coincidence from the coincidence detector 6 which specifies the second heading item (1), that is, the consecutive number for comparison.
		An output from an inverter 13 connected to the output terminal of the coincidence detector 6 is transmitted to one of the gates of an AND circuit 14.
		An output from the AND circuit is conducted to the delay circuit 26.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4034350.html (5267 words)

	CANBERRA Glossary - CANBERRA, An AREVA Group Company
		Also referred to as true coincidence summing, it occurs when two or more pulses from the same decay are summed because they deposit energy in the detector at the same time.
		A process where the signal from two or more gamma rays emitted by a single decay of a single radionuclide occur within the resolving time of the detector end up being recorded together as a single event so that the recorded event is not representative of the original decay.
		Coincidence summing is a function of the sample-to-detector geometry, and the nuclide's decay scheme.
	www.canberra.com /literature/930.asp (4679 words)

	Energy Citations Database (ECD) - Energy and Energy-Related Bibliographic Citations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		A general purpose "fast-slow" multiple coincidence circuit is described.
		Three independent sets of fast coincidence conditions and three indpendent sets of slow coincidence conditions, involving up to five input signals, can be imposed simultaneously using a plug board and a set of patch cords.
		Coincidence pulse timing is accomplished with the aid of a unique discriminator circuit which can be used to detect either an early point on the rise of the input signals or the time of input signal zero transition.
	www.osti.gov /energycitations/product.biblio.jsp?osti_id=4113420 (189 words)

	Gas-Scattering Experiment - Electronics
		The energy signals first go to an attentuating circuit (not pictured) that adjusts the voltage of the energy signals to correct shifting of the energy data over long periods of time.
		The circuit is setup so that if the energy and lifetime signals arrive simultaneously (i.e., there is a coincidence), then the energy-lifetime pair of signals are given an identification number and are marked as being a coincidence.
		After the data has passed through the coincidence circuit, it is sent to a digital I/O board from which our software takes in the data.
	www.stolaf.edu /academics/positron/gas_electronics.htm (533 words)

	ORTEC 414A Fast Coincidence
		The term "fast" indicates the general nature of the coincidence circuit; that is, input pulses are reshaped, and the actual coincidence determination is made on the leading edge, or leading portion, of the pulses.
		A dc-coupled anticoincidence input is provided to inhibit the coincidence output by a dc voltage or a pulse that overlaps the period of coincidence of the coincident pulses.
		The coincidence inputs are ac-coupled, and all four inputs are controlled by In/Out toggle switches.
	www.ortec-online.com /electronics/delay/414a.htm (389 words)

	Timing and Coincidence Counting - CANBERRA, An AREVA Group Company
		A simple coincidence circuit solves this problem by essentially summing the two input pulses, passing the resultant sum pulse through a discriminator level, and generating an output pulse when the two input pulses overlap.
		The use of a 2145 TAC with NaI detectors in exact analogy with the 2040 Coincidence unit is shown in Figure 1.33.
		This is an example of a "fast-slow" coincidence system in which Model 2111 and 2126 constant fraction discriminators are used to indicate the presence of a pulse, and an energy range on the NaI detector is selected.
	www.canberra.com /literature/934.asp (1536 words)

	Nat' Academies Press, Biographical Memoirs V.75 (1998)
		The much finer time resolution of the Rossi coincidence circuit and its adaptability to the detection of coincidences among any number of pulses enabled the detection and identification of interesting rare events that produce coincident pulses in several counters in the midst of high rates of background pulses in each counter.
		He explained how coincidence experiments had demonstrated that most of the local cosmic rays are charged particles with more energy than could possibly be released in the synthesis of the heaviest atoms.
		He wrote (Rossi's translation from the original Italian): The frequency of the coincidences recorded with the counters at a distance from one another, shown in the tables as “chance coincidences” appears to be greater than would have been predicted on the basis of the resolving power of the coincidence circuit.
	www.nap.edu /books/0309062950/html/310.html (4846 words)

	Electronics for the Cosmic Ray Muon Detector
		You can use circuit #2 too, but circuit #1 is the preferred detector in the "flux-mode".
		This circuit detects the direction of the muon - only if a muon flys thru detector #1 first (the upper detector) and then thru detector #2 (the lower detector) it produces a pulse on the output Q2.
		The version of the circuit from the SciAm article was removed in favor of this excellent circuit designed by Joseph DiVerdi of xtrsystems.com.
	www.cosmicrays.org /muon-electronics.php (576 words)

	Trigger Hardware and Software
		Diagrams of the hardware layout are shown in three accompanying figures for the E-arm, H-arm, and coincidence circuit.
		The coincidence is formed in an overlap AND circuit with a 110 nsec window.
		For coincidence experiments it is anticipated that the only change one needs to make is the delay on the hadron arm to accommodate momentum changes.
	www.jlab.org /~gen/osp/osp_html/node250.html (755 words)

	Angular Correlation of Pair Annihilation Gamma Rays
		An electronic coincidence circuit produces a pulse each time a gamma ray is detected simultaneously in the two detectors.
		The angular breadth of the coincidence curve of Fig.
		This results from the finite resolving time of the electronic coincidence circuit, that is, the electronics cannot determine that two signals are exactly simultaneous, but only that they both fell into the same time "window" of some very small, but finite duration.
	cat.middlebury.edu /~PHManual/angular.html (1742 words)

	[C] TERMS & DEFINITIONS IN NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
		COINCIDENCE CIRCUIT An electronic circuit which produces a usable output pulse only when each of its inputs receives a pulse within a specified time interval.
		COINCIDENCE, PROMPT The occurrence of two or more events separated by a time interval which is less than a specified small value.
		COINCIDENCE CORRECTION A correction to the count rate of a radiation due to losses or gains when two radiations arrive at and are processed by the detector within the coincidence resolving time.
	www.radiochemistry.org /nomenclature/c.htm (3002 words)

	Electronics for the Astrophysics Project
		Electronic coincidence techniques are the heart of data acquisition in nuclear and particle physics.
		The functioning of such a circuit depends upon locating two signals which are coincident and signalling this occurence by a logic signal produced at the output.
		The figure above shows two coincident and one non-coincident pair of input pulses along with the output of the coincidence circuit.
	dept.physics.upenn.edu /balloon/electronics.html (2863 words)

	CHEP95 - Parallel Paper #21 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The low Pt trigger requires a threefold majority coincidence of the four middle planes, while the high Pt trigger requires a twofold majority coincidence of the three external planes and the low Pt trigger.
		The X-Y inputs to the coincidence matrix are given by the discriminated and shaped signals from the RPC of different planes.
		For the low Pt trigger the input to the ASIC are the four middle RPC planes and the logic is a 3/4 majority coincidence.
	www.hep.net /chep95/html/abstract/abs_21.htm (621 words)

	[No title]
		Using this observation, he constructed the coincidence circuit allowing several counters in coincidence to determine the
		His data indicated that the radition was not composed exclusively of gamma rays, but was also composed of high energy particles (now known to be mostly mesons).
		Bothe began applying the coincidence method to the transmutation of light elements by the bombardment with
	en-cyclopedia.com /wiki/Walther_Bothe (492 words)

	The Data Acquisition System (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The station trigger is a coincidence of the x OR y signal from the top 3 pairs of planes.
		A coincidence circuit is set for N huts, where N is 1, 2, 3,...
		A DAS coincidence sends a train of clock pulses to all stations shifting their data serially to the trailer in 70 microseconds.
	www.nd.edu /~grand/das.html (260 words)

	Experiment 7. POSITRON ANNIHILATION
		In addition to "true" coincidences between the two gamma-rays emitted in a single annihilation event, there will be "accidental" coincidences which arise when emissions fromdifferent annihilation events are detected.
		A coincidence (true or accidental) is registered when radiations are detected in the two detectors within an experimental resolving time T
		Determine the accidental coincidence counting rate at each angle and subtract it from the total coincidence rate to obtain the true coincidence counting rate.
	www.wsu.edu /~collins/Phys415/writeups/positron.htm (878 words)

	12.5 Transmission of Temporal Codes
		Due to transmission delays, the position of the coincidence detector activated by the signals (fl filled circle) depends on the location of the external sound source.
		The `place' of a coincidence detector is therefore a signature for the location of the external sound source; cf.
		The existence of the circuit confirms the general idea of temporal difference detection by delayed coincidence measurement.
	diwww.epfl.ch /~gerstner/SPNM/node85.html (3680 words)

	Gas Scattering Experiment - Software
		The graphs labeled with red are the coincidence data insensity and total coincidence lifetime plots.
		The coincidence energy and lifetime data are saved in a 2D array.
		The energy data in each lifetime channel is summed together with all the energy data in the other lifetime channels in its group, thereby giving us a better set of data from which to determine the actual energy peak for a given range of channels.
	www.stolaf.edu /academics/positron/gas_software.htm (280 words)

	Walther Bothe - Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The pulse from each counter is then sent to a coincidence circuit which indicates pulses that are coincident in time.
		Arrays of Geiger counters in coincidence select particles moving in a given direction and the method can be used, for example, to measure the angular distribution of cosmic rays.
		For his discovery of the method of coincidence and the discoveries subsequently made by it, which laid the foundations of nuclear spectroscopy, Bothe was awarded, jointly with Max Born, the Nobel Prize for Physics for 1954.
	nobelprize.org /physics/laureates/1954/bothe-bio.html (1022 words)

	[No title]
		Introduction This experiment is concerned with the operation of high speed pulse circuitry, the coincidence technique, the angular correlation of gamma rays (and in a later lab the annihilation lifetime of the positron in a solid material).
		E. Coincidence Circuit: Put simultaneous output pulses from two discriminators into a coincidence unit.
		Observe the output as you change the coincidence unit settings and add or remove the inputs.
	www.phys.hawaii.edu /~teb/phys480l/GammaCorrelation.txt (1001 words)

	LeCroy PCOS4 Data Sheet
		High performance and simplicity are achieved through the use of just two custom integrated circuits, a preamplifier and a delay and coincidence integrated circuit.
		This integrated circuit is implemented as a 4-channel device, in a medium speed bipolar process.
		The coincidence gate is distributed (by the experimenter) to this backplane.
	www.lecroy.com /lrs/dsheets/pcos4.htm (2465 words)

	Geiger Müller Tubes - GM Counters
		The principle is the same - 2 tubes connected to the coincidence detector.
		I hooked up a CK1026 and later a CK1049 - with the new coincidence circuit designed by Joseph DiVerdi of xtrsystems.com and I saw very nice background radiation.
		A few words to the Raytheon tubes: The pin (on the left side in the image above) is the connection to the high voltage and the gaphite-colored belt goes to ground or in our case to the resistor of the coincidence circuit.
	www.cosmicrays.org /muon-gm-tubes.php (217 words)

	Instrument for determining coincidence and elapse time between independent sources of random sequential events ...
		An instrument that receives pulses from a primary external source and one or more secondary external sources and determines when there is coincidence between the primary and one of the secondary sources.
		The instrument generates a finite time window (coincidence aperture) during which coincidence is defined to have occurred.
		means receiving said coincidence aperture pulse and the pulses from said other external sources of pulses for producing a coincidence pulse each time a pulse from said other external sources of pulses coincides with said coincidence aperture pulse; and
	www.delphion.com /details?pn=US04392749__ (504 words)

	CHAPTER3
		The function of delay box is to align fast-timing channels that incorporate coincidence circuits or time-to-amplitude converters.
		The overlap coincidence circuit is a two-input AND gate.
		That means only when two events coming from each photomultiplier meet within the resolving time of coincidence analyzer can an emission of light be counted.
	mama.indstate.edu /users/dsapp/chapter3edit.htm (1603 words)

	[No title]
		] A number of turns of wire used to introduce inductance into an electric circuit, to produce magnetic flux, or to react mechanically to a changing magnetic flux; in high-frequency circuits a coil may be only a fraction of a turn.
		] An electronic circuit that amplifies only that portion of a signal present when an enabling or controlling signal is simultaneously applied.
		] A circuit that produces a specified output pulse only when a specified number or combination of two or more input terminals receives pulses within an assigned time interval.
	www.accessscience.com /Dictionary/C/C34/DictC34.html (2508 words)

	Carr Lab - Research Interest
		Detection of these time differences depends upon two mechanisms of general significance to neurobiology, delay lines and coincidence detection.
		Their postsynaptic targets act as coincidence detectors and fire maximally when the interaural time difference is equal but opposite to the delay imposed by the afferent axons.
		Current research is focused on models of delay line-coincidence detector circuit, on the assembly of the map of sound localization during development and on how such circuits evolve.
	www.life.umd.edu /biology/faculty/carr/ri.html (243 words)

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