
	Where results make sense

Topic: Coligny calendar

	Coligny Calendar
		The so-called "Calendar of Coligny" is a fragmented bronze plaque that was found in 1897 in the remains of a Roman Temple of Apollo in Coligny, Ain, France.
		As a "Celtic" calendar, there are a few problems with it, not the least of which is the uncertainty that it is, in fact, either a Calendar or "Celtic".
		The Gaulish Calendar, A reconstruction from the bronze fragments from Coligny with an analysis of its function as a highly accurate lunar /solar predictor as well as an explanation of its terminology and development...
	www.personal.utulsa.edu /~marc-carlson/calendar/coligni.html (379 words)

	Celtic calendar - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Possibly the oldest material Celtic calendar is the fragmented Coligny calendar, which was discovered in Coligny, France, in 1897.
		The Coligny calendar was lunisolar- a way to reconcile lunations and the solar year.
		The astronomical format of the calendar year that the Coligny calendar represents, may well be far older, as calendars are usually even more conservative than rites and cults.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Celtic_calendar (485 words)

	Coligny calendar - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Gaulish Coligny Calendar was found in Coligny, Ain, France (46°23′N 5°21′E) near Lyons in 1897, along with the head of a bronze statue of a youthful male figure.
		The basic unit of the Celtic calendar was thus the fortnight or half-month, as is also suggested in traces in Celtic folklore.
		"On the notation and chronology of the Calendar of Coligny".
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Coligny_calendar (1189 words)

	Encyclopedia: New Coligny Calendar (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The French archaeologist J. Monard concluded that the tablet represents a Gaulish calendar, speculating that it records the pagan Celtic lunar calendar, and was recorded by druids wishing to preserve their tradition of timekeeping in a time when the Julian calendar was imposed throughout the Roman Empire.
		The Coligny Calendar is a series of stone tablets dating to the first century BCE; it is a record of the Gaulic (and thus Celtic) year, though it shows some Roman influence, as Roman numerals are used.
		The calendar is both a lunar and solar calendar, which causes some problem with drifting, but this was accounted for by their astronomers (yes, the Druids).
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/New-Coligny-Calendar (1064 words)

	Lunisolar calendar - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A lunisolar calendar is a calendar whose date indicates both the moon phase and the time of the solar year.
		If the solar year is defined as a tropical year then a lunisolar calendar will give an indication of the season; if it is taken as a sidereal year then the calendar will predict the constellation near which the full moon may occur.
		The Hebrew, Hindu lunar, Buddhist, Tibetan calendars, and Chinese calendar used alone until 1912 and then used along with the Gregorian Calendar are all lunisolar, as was the Japanese calendar until 1873, the pre-Islamic calendar, the first century Gaulish Coligny calendar and the second millennium BCE Babylonian calendar.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Lunisolar_calendar (805 words)

	Encyclopedia: Coligny calendar (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Coligny is a commune in the French dÃ©partement of Ain.
		The Julian calendar was introduced in 46 BC by Julius Caesar and took force in 45 BC (709 ab urbe condita).
		The term Celtic calendar is used to refer to a variety of calendars used by Celtic-speaking peoples at different times in history.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Coligny-calendar (1825 words)

	The Coligny Calendar Page
		The Coligny Calendar (a portion of which is shown to the right) is an ancient Celtic solar/lunar ritual calendar which was discovered in Coligny France.
		The Coligny Calendar is an attempt to reconcile both the cycles of the moon and sun (as is our modern gregorian calendar.) The coligny calendar however, considers the phases of the moon to be very important, and each month always begins with the same moon phase.
		It is synchronized to begin the calendar with the era of the New Coligny Calendar (NCC) on October 8th, 1999.
	technovate.org /web/coligny.htm (1219 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Celtic calendar
		The oldest material Celtic calendar is the fragmented Coligny calendar, which was discovered in Coligny, France, in 1897.
		The astronomical format of the calendar year that the Coligny calendar represents, is likely to be far older, for among cultural entities, calendars are even more conservative than rites and cults.
		An engraved stone found at Knowth, Ireland, is a graphical representation of a lunar calendar that operates on the same principle as the Coligny calendar (Brennan 1994).
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Celtic_calendar (335 words)

	The Gaulish (Coligny) Calendar
		This is the calendar which was used in Gaul in the latter part of the BCE period and, possibly, into the beginning of the CE period.
		This was, presumably, because the calendar was banned by the Romans as it was an indication of druidic practices.
		The Gaulish calendar was therefore run on a cycles of thirty years at a a time, split into smaller periods of five years, each of which had 62 months including the two extra months that are inserted.
	mysite.wanadoo-members.co.uk /calendars/gaulish.html (1199 words)

	The Celtic Lunar Calendar
		The Moslem calendar is lunar, as is the Jewish, the Ethiopian and the Tibetan.
		The Coligny system follows the average lunar cycle with great accuracy but is sometimes a day out because of these wobbles, but on average in any solar year by having six of the months 29 days long and six 30 days long it stays as close to the moon as possible.
		The calendar that results is determined by the land in which one lives, for in the northern hemisphere the days are shortest in the season of winter and longest in the season of summer.
	www.psi-researchcentre.co.uk /CelticLunarCalendar.html (2789 words)

	Talk:Samhain - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In the Coligny calendar, if the month of Samonios is taken to be the same as Irish Samhain (which is disputed), it would simply be the first day of the month of Samonios (the day starting at sunset, which is where the "eve" comes from in later calendars).
		It appears that the calendar was designed to align the lunations with the agricultural cycle of vegetation, and that the actual movements of the Sun were less important.
		The mediaeval Irish and Welsh calendars were solar, using the Julian calandar; the Gaulish calendar (from Coligny and Villards d'Heria) was lunisolar.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Talk:Samhain (2297 words)

	celttime
		But in the Coligny calendar, which dates from the last century BCE, a mathematical rule has been invented to dispense with the old observatories, corresponding to the leap year rule of the current Gregorian calendar, by making 30 years equal to 371 months.
		The Coligny calendar loses almost a day and a half in those 30 years, so it is not as mathematically sound as the Gregorian.
		The Coligny calendar is an attempt at calculating the times of the calendar feasts mathematically and doing away with astronomical observations.
	home.ringnett.no /lars.finsen/celttime.htm (801 words)

	The Calendar of Coligny
		The Coligny Calendar is thought to have first been fabricated in about 50 A.D. or about 100-years after the Romans made their unwelcome incursion into the affairs of Gaul under Julius Caesar.
		The fragmented Calendar of Coligny was destined to sleep undisturbed in its hiding place for many centuries until a time when it could emerge into world that would wish to preserve it.
		The inner rectangle of the Coligny calendar was intended to be 4.536 feet in length.
	www.celticnz.co.nz /Coligny/ColignyPart1.htm (12632 words)

	Lunisolar Calendar,Lunisolar Calendar 2008
		The Hindu, Buddhist, Tibetan, Chinese and the Hebrew calendars are all lunisolar calendars.
		The Hindu and the Buddhist calendars track the sidereal year (the orbital period of earth) whereas the Hebrew, Chinese and the Gaulish Coligny calendars track the tropical year in which indication of the seasons is given.
		The Tibetan calendar was influenced by both the Hindu and Chinese calendars.
	www.newyearfestival.com /lunisolar-calendar.html (601 words)

	Discovery of the Sequani Calendar
		Their first insight, that the calendar was discovered at a sanctuary in Coligny, France in the territory of the ancient Celtic tribe of the Sequani, gave the group its name and direction.
		The calendar begins the lunar cycle on the new moon in the present cycle and marks the first quarter moon as the beginning of the cycle that starts on the Winter Solstice in 2001.
		The Sequani Calendar is therefore an integral part of Celtic culture, and perhaps like other knowledge of astronomy that was passed to the Druids from the Neolithic peoples, the calendar may represent a cornerstone of human achievement which took thousands of years to quantify.
	www.themystica.com /mystica/articles/d/discovery_of_the_sequani_calendar.html (1888 words)

	Monograph 39: Coligny Calendar (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The fragmentary calendar plate from Coligny (near Lyons) apparently dates to the second-century AD, although the Gaulish calendar engraved on this plate is plainly the result of a long transmission process.
		Since only 40% of the original Coligny calendar survives as a fragmentary mosaic, the reconstruction of the original whole depends upon recognizing repetitive patterns and filling in the missing sequences of these patterns.
		The fragmentary calendar is brought to photographic completion utilizing the original wording and engraving found on the surviving fragments.
	www.utexas.edu /cola/depts/lrc/jies/monographs/mono39.html (192 words)

	The Druid's Egg (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The balain represents the lunar cycle exactly as it is charted on the Druid calendar discovered at Coligny, France in the area of the ancient Celtic tribe of the Sequani.
		After the sixth symbol, which is a first quarter moon shape or half a balain, the lunar cycle is connected to a wave in the center of the ellipse.
		In the Sequani Calendar, the Holy Nights of the Druid's calendar are celebrated in the new moon of the month.
	www.angelfire.com /art2/sequani/balain.html (850 words)

	COLIGNY CALENDAR
		The calendar took into account the differing time periods taken by the moon and the sun to circle the earth (prevalent geocentric terminology used), and reconciled the differences by inserting an extra month on a regular cycle.
		By extrapolation, the calendar also confirms that the Gallic druids maintained a thirty-year cycle of timekeeping, comprising five cycles of 62 lunations and one cycle of 61 lunations, during which period, eleven intercalary months would be added.
		Though not confirmed by the Coligny inscriptions, we also know that in accordance with general Celtic custom, which was itself adopted from the ancient Greek observance, each day was reckoned to last from sunset to sunset; not midnight to midnight as our modern Roman calendar dictates.
	www.roman-britain.org /coligny.htm (550 words)

	The Sacred Fire - The Old Celtic Calendar
		Unlike our present-day calendar which dates back to Julius Caesar, this system used the accurate period of the moon's orbit around the Earth (the lunar month) to measure the passage of time.
		It was therefore necessary with the Coligny calendar to make two adjustments: first, using alternate months consisting of 29 and 30 days; second, adding a month every 2 1/2 or 3 years to link up the shorter lunar year of 354 days to the solar year of 365 days.
		A different calendar system from the one found in Gaul, one that reconciled the lunar and solar yearly cycles, was then in use.
	www.sacredfire.net /calendar.html (315 words)

	eCUIP : The Digital Library : Science : Cultural Astronomy
		The calendar took into account the differing time periods taken by the moon and the sun to circle the earth and reconciled the differences by inserting an extra month on a regular cycle.
		Another Celtic calendar, known as the Coligny Calendar, was discovered in eastern France.
		This calendar was a bronze plate measuring five feet by three and a half feet.
	ecuip.lib.uchicago.edu /diglib/science/cultural_astronomy/cultures_druids-2.html (194 words)

	Llewellyn Encyclopedia: Time
		The most outstanding is the Coligny calendar; the others are fragments of duplicate calendars.
		Many month names on the modern Celtic calendars are pre-Christian in origin, such as Mi na Shamna, "the month of Samhain," cognate with the Gaulish Samonios (which appears on the Coligny calendar).
		The older Celtic calendars were calculated by the Druids and show much in common with pre-Christian Greek, Teutonic and Hindu calendars.
	www.llewellynencyclopedia.com /article/190 (378 words)

	Gaulish language
		The longest and most famous of these is the Coligny calendar, preserved on two bronze tablets found in 1897 at Bourg in eastern France.
		This is a lunar calendar with months of 29 days; the lunar time-reckoning of the Gauls is mentioned by Caesar (Gallic War 6.18).
		In the Coligny calendar, the verb divertomu appears at the end of each month and means 'we turn aside (to a different month)': its Latin equivalent is the very similar divertimus.
	www.orbilat.com /Encyclopaedia/G/Gaulish_language.html (490 words)

	Celtic Attic: Celts facts and fiction - The Calendar
		One of the most commonly accepted beliefs holds that the year was divided into thirteen months with an extra day or so the end of the year used to adjust the calendar.
		This calendar is represented by the surviving fragments of a great bronze plate, the Coligny Calendar, which originally measured 5 feet by 3-1/2 feet.
		It is from ancient writers such as Caesar that we learn that the Celts were to have counted by nights and not days and in reckoning birthdays and new moon and new year their unit of reckoning is the night followed by the day.
	www.celticattic.com /contact_us/the_celts/the_calendar.htm (647 words)

	Skyscript: The Moon and Ancient Calendars, by Robin Heath (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The relationship the orbital period of the earth holds to the lunation cycle - the moon's phases, is a complex one, and the sun and the moon are not easily married.
		The pagan calendar 'quarter day' festivals of Imbolc, Beltane, Lugnasagh and Samhain are further confirmation that solar calendars invoke division of the year into four or eight, however much neo-pagans convince themselves that the quarter days are 'lunar' and therefore related to the Goddess.
		These calendars, and therefore the relationship between solar and lunar cycles, are likely to have naturally evolved from initial observations of the three-year soli-lunar cycle, if only because here the solar-lunar synchronicity is first noticed.
	www.skyscript.co.uk /moonheath.html (3569 words)

	alun » The Coligny Calendar
		It has been argued that the Coligny Calendar is independent correlating evidence, but this too may be ambiguous in tracing ancient timekeeping.
		The Coligny Calendar is a series of bronze plates found with inscriptions near the French town of Coligny about 70 miles (120 kilometres) east of Paris (see map above).
		Reconstructed it appears to be a calendar of the year, or rather a calendar of five years.
	archaeoastronomy.co.uk /?p=144 (1078 words)

	Celtic Tree Calendar
		Modern pagans are wont to promote a certain "Celtic Tree Calendar" which has thirteen months, named for trees, based upon the ogham alphabet.
		Some of them assert that the Celts followed this calendar, and that proof of this can be found in the existence of ogham, and in the works of Robert Graves.
		We are given more evidence through the existence of the Coligny calendar--twelve months plus an intercalary month, based on the Metonic cycle, syncing up both the solar and lunar calendars, but relying more on the moon.
	www.maryjones.us /jce/celtictreecalendar.html (926 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)