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Topic: Collaborative writing

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	Assigning Collaborative Writing
		Although the collaborative writing assignment may be announced and distributed on the very first day of class, it should not be begun until a substantial portion of the term has elapsed.
		The collaborative writing assignment should be one that is best accomplished by a group rather than an individual; otherwise, the task is artificial, leading to students' frustration and irritation.
		Before assigning collaborative writing projects, the teacher should ascertain that the institutional purposes for the course and the teacher's own purposes in assigning collaboration are sufficiently harmonious that the institutional agenda will not undermine the collaborative pedagogy—or vice versa.
	wrt-howard.syr.edu /Handouts/Tchg.Collab.html (2594 words)

	Collaborative writing - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The terms collaborative writing and peer collaboration refer to projects where written works are created by multiple people together (collaboratively) rather than individually.
		Some collaborative writing projects are also open content.
		"Collaborative writing is working in a group as small as two or as large as one can imagine to create a document.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Collaborative_writing (456 words)

	Collaborative fiction - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Collaborative fiction is a form of writing by two or more authors who take it in turns to write a portion of the story.
		A collaborative author may focus around a specific protagonist or character 'owned' by an author in a narrative thread, and then passes the story on to the next writer for further additions or perhaps a change in focus to a protagonist 'owned' by the next author.
		Collaborative fiction can be fully open with no rules or enforced structure as it moves from author to author; however, most collaborative fiction adopts some form of 'writers guidelines' on what constitutes an acceptable contribution.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Collaborative_fiction (1188 words)

	Teaching Collaborative Writing through Experiential Learning
		Collaborative writing is a frequent and rhetorically complex activity common to most environments.
		To discuss teaching writing through experiential learning, we begin with the following assumption: discourses are developed, communicated, and practiced out of a particular social identity informed by rhetorical situation, which is to say that literacy is a social practice emphasizing the habits of discourse communities in response to the context informing communication acts.
		Akiko’s collaboration with an NPO is typical of the engagement students create and sustain with their community partners well after the end of the semester.
	www.rapidintellect.com /AEQweb/5apr2808j4.htm (2638 words)

	Collaborative Writing
		Many academic writing groups stem from literary societies that were formed at American colleges and universities as early as the beginning of the eighteenth century.
		The incorporation of writing groups into the curriculum was shaped by at least four different philosophies popular at the time.
		Writing groups are obviously more suited to this view of social constructionism, which assumes that social interaction leads to new knowledge or learning.
	www.bsu.edu /shapps/english/writingprogram/basicwriting/collaborate.htm (614 words)

	Technology Integration in Collaborative Writing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Interviews with learners, observations and surveys during a semester long multiple case study indicated that co-responding (Saunders 1989) was the dominant form of collaborative writing for team assignments.
		The use of technology to support collaborative writing was part of a learning environment that included an extensive instructional simulation, collaborative teams, team teaching, and problem/project based learning activities.
		Collaborative writing can take many forms and be characterized by a full range of writing behaviors.
	www3.uakron.edu /edfound/people/savery/papers/cw-tech.html (1977 words)

	Peer-to-Peer Technologies and Collaborative Writing
		Collaboration is also a goal in and of itself: process-oriented pedagogies locate the value of a writing assignment in the events and transactions that occur while creating the text.
		Groove's potential as a collaborative writing environment is limited by two main drawbacks: students must have access to a networked computer with the Groove software installed, and the interface metaphor is contextually limiting.
		However, collaborative technologies, at their current state of development, are geared toward a corporate model of collaboration aimed toward the streamlining of work, not for heightening of critical awareness or for emphasizing the process of collaboration itself.
	css.its.psu.edu /news/peertopeer.html (1185 words)

	Untitled Document
		Though collaborative learning may share some characteristics of traditional classroom teaching, such as the tutor possessing more knowledge about writing than the student, collaboration means that both the student and the tutor provide input into and take insights out of the tutoring session.
		In her article, "Collaboration, Control, and the Idea of a Writing Center," Lunsford proposes that knowledge is not outside a person, but that knowledge is created through using language in a social context (37).
		Collaboration is so helpful, in fact, that Lunsford found that it is the norm in many professions, including engineering, chemistry, psychology, modern language, services management, international city management, and technical communication (37).
	writing2.richmond.edu /training/fall97/nanne/collaboration.html (3480 words)

	Bedford/St. Martin's - The Bedford Bibliography
		Writing groups facilitate four elements that are essential to a writer's life: time for writing, ownership of the uses of writing, a community of responders, and exposure to other people's writing.
		Despite the dominant trope of writing as a solitary act, the results of two surveys and follow-up interviews demonstrate that collaborative writing is a fact of life for many professionals, as it is for the authors.
		Descriptions of several writers and scenes of writing act as snapshots of "everyday, commonsense collaboration" and provide insights into the social process and contexts for collaborative writing for members of several academic disciplines.
	www.bedfordstmartins.com /bb/curr2.html (1519 words)

	Late 20th Centry Trends in Collaborative Writing
		For the process-oriented, the major benefit of collaborative writing appears to be self-awareness and self-confidence; the writer is affirmed in his or her ability to produce, before the product is completed (Duin, 1991).
		In a three-year collaborative effort between the School District of the City of Saginaw, Michigan, and the University of Michigan, students in six sections of tenth grade American literature were subjects of field tests designed to provide empirical data concerning the difference between single-teacher non-collaborative and collaborative team teaching writing outcomes (Collaborative Writing, 1989).
		Collaborative research is ongoing and in recent years more and more instructors‹practitioner researchers‹have added to what many composition theorists already believe about this type of writing, that it is beneficial to students and instructors, and through them not only to the university but to all society.
	www.etsu.edu /haleyd/essay2collab.html (2584 words)

	Paired Collaborative Writing
		Collaborative writing is intended to ease the dysfunctional anxiety of some individuals when confronted with a blank piece of paper.
		However, collaborative writing is not a single homogeneous procedure, nor of itself necessarily a 'good thing', so comparison of research studies must proceed with caution.
		Paired Writing is preferably targeted on writing tasks a little beyond the current independent writing competence of the less able partner, but within their zone of proximal development.
	www.scre.ac.uk /rie/nl67/nl67topping.html (1296 words)

	Collaborative Writing
		Another definition is "...any piece of writing, published or unpublished, ascribed or anonymous, to which more than one person has contributed, whether or not they grasped a pen, tapped a keyboard, or shuffled a mouse." [61] This definition alludes to the complexity of identifying and acknowledging contributions and their contributors.
		With collaborative authoring, there is a meshing of the complexity of (technical) writing along with the challenges of collaboration.
		The acts of collaboration and writing as they relate to collaborative authoring include: establishing an agenda or goal of the collaboration effort, identifying writing tasks and dividing those tasks among group members, tracking individual idea generation, defining rules for document management, identifying roles for group members, communicating ideas, and managing conflict.
	www.sis.pitt.edu /~spring/cas/node31.html (1381 words)

	Technology for Collaborative Writing
		Faculty use collaborative writing tools to encourage peer editing and facilitate instructor feedback during the writing process.
		Writing instructors, particularly during summer school, regularly brought classes into Phelps classroom to use the "Aspects" software package, which permitted several students to collaborate on the composition of one document in a variety of ways - e.g.
		Composing in Spanish was seen as a process, therefore, learners were expected to concentrate on improving their communication skills in writing through conferencing, peer editing, planning, revising, and editing of their work and that of others.
	www.yale.edu /tlt/newsletter/dec99/page4.html (928 words)

	Ceilidh: Collaborative Writing on the Web (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		All three criteria were satisfied by writing a program in C source code that uses changes in the query string to signal different entry points in to a common block of code.
		This shared experience of writing and peer review has resulted in the development of an on-line collaborative writing environment, in which the students contribute to the improvement of each others' writing to a far greater extent than is possible in the traditional classroom.
		At USU, both students and their instructors are now able to visualize all writing as a collaborative process and the multi-voiced intertextual nature of their texts has been given full reign to flourish in the hypertext environment.
	www.lilikoi.com /sac98_frame.html (3629 words)

	Sigfried Gold Home Page and Collaborative Writing Engine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The Collaborative Writing Engine is a tool for building essays, poems, stories, novels, hypertexts, discussions and as-yet-unheard-of-forms of literary produce in a context that allows and invites participation by anyone with WWW access.
		Feel free to grab stuff from Collaborator 2.0 and move it over to Collaborator 3.0.
		If you take other people's writing seriously, they may take yours seriously, and then you may get a chance to experience the great pleasure of having others build on your work.
	www.shout.net /~sigfried (372 words)

	SWC: Using Collaborative Writing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The reactions of peers help student writers understand they are writing for a community of readers, not merely for their instructor.
		The University's definition of collusion stresses that, especially when group work is involved, "the purpose of a particular assignment and the acceptable method of completing it are to be determined by the instructor, not the student." Be explicit with your students about the purpose and extent of the collaborating they will do in your class.
		To implement collaborative learning effectively, groups sessions must be carefully planned and monitored.
	www.swc.utexas.edu /assignments/collaboration.shtml (390 words)

	Collaborative Writing Bibliograp (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Collaborative writing: any piece of writing, published or unpublished, ascribed or anonymous, to which more than one person has contributed, whether or not they grasped a pen, tapped a keyboard, or shuffled a mouse.
		Writing strategies and technologies that a group use vary a lot from one group to another.
		There are three main ways to support awareness in document collaboration: by providing information about what has changed since the last visit (Informational), by allowing subscription to explicit change notifications (Subscription), and passively displaying information about changes on the periphery of the user's display (Peripheral Awareness).
	www.cs.ubc.ca /~qzheng/ThesisIdea (745 words)

	Support for collaborative writing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Although research in computational linguistics from the 1980s is applied in many of the writers' tools that are now available (so-called style checkers, etc), there is still much room for improvement.
		However, a frequent problem, especially in technical writing, when a document is composed of elements contributed by several different people, is that while each element might be individually `good', they do not work well together as a whole.
		She then investigated a number of stylistic measures to see whether they could distinguish single-author texts from the `collaborative' ones.
	www.cs.toronto.edu /compling/Topics/Collab-writing.html (566 words)

	Collaborative Writing in Engineering : Donald W. Craik Engineering Library
		This article describes an ongoing international writing project which brings students of universities in Asia, Europe, and North America together via the Internet so that they can share their insights and assist one another in writing in English on a wide selection of topics.
		This paper describes an ethnographic study of collaborative writing by two groups of 4 grade six students using synchronous collaborative writing software for one hour per week over a 12 week period.
		Abstract: Collaborative writing requires that everyone knows what they have to do and by when.
	www.umanitoba.ca /libraries/units/engineering/tc-collab.shtml (577 words)

	Collaborative Writing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		A significant portion of technical writing is done not by individuals but by various types of groups.
		Collaborative writing, like most group activities, has both benefits and pitfalls.
		To write effectively, collaborative writers may need to incorporate the following steps into the process of writing their document.
	mit.imoat.net /handbook/collabor.htm (202 words)

	Why consider collaborative writing assignments? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Collaborative groups draw upon the strengths of all their members.
		Not least important, collaborative writing assignments usually entail much less grading time for the instructor.
		Not all writing assignments can be converted from individual writing tasks to group writing tasks, nor should they all.
	wac.colostate.edu /intro/pop2l.cfm (201 words)

	Collaborative Learning and Peer Criticism
		"Collaboration of Teacher and Counselor in Basic Writing." College Composition and Communication 38 (1987): 397-425.
		Clarke, Irene L. "Portfolio Evaluations, Collaboration, and Writing Centers." College Composition and Communication 44:4 (Dec. 1993): 515-24.
		"Collaboration in the Writing Classroom: An Interview with Ken Kessey." College Composition and Communication 41 (1990): 309-17.
	wps.ablongman.com /wps/media/objects/233/238898/key/criticism.html (504 words)

	Collaborative Writing Assignment Project
		The emphasis of this project will be on your ability to work and write as members of a community, both in small groups of 3 - 4 and as well as a collective unit of 40 students.
		Basically, you will be writing a story arc, a series of interconnected chapters or episodes of a storyline, using characters that you design.
		When your group writes its episode, you must write the story using the rules and conventions of a specific genre of literature and somehow include the quote printed below the genre.
	www.siu.edu /~compcomp/compucomp/Prompts/101/101haup2.htm (1276 words)

	Guide to Writing and Research - UMUC
		The collaborative group assignment is intended to be one where the entire team contributes to the writing.
		For group writing projects, planning is especially important because writers tend to write in solitude from established plans and directions.
		When a group agrees on the nature and scope of the writing project and develops an agreed-to plan or outline, responsibilities are clear.
	www.umuc.edu /prog/ugp/ewp_writingcenter/writinggde/appendix_b/appendix_b-05.shtml (133 words)

	Collaborative Writing — www.greenwood.com
		Description: Collaborative writing has attracted much attention in the last 25 years, though it eludes clear definition.
		This bibliography is a guide to research on collaborative writing published from the early 1970s to 1997.
		The first part of the book is devoted to collaborative writing in academic settings and covers such topics as classroom issues, peer review and tutoring, the role of computers and technology, particular types of classes, and ethical and gender concerns.
	www.greenwood.com /catalog/GR0576.aspx (312 words)

	Steve Jones (Collaborative Writing Systems) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		It is concluded that models of the writing task and writers are not yet sufficiently accurate to be embedded in normative computer programs or systems; individual writers and writing tasks are extremely varied.
		Leading on from the studies of both existing systems and writing theories, requirements for generic CSCW systems, single author support systems and multiple author support systems are presented.
		It is shown that MILO successfully meets the stated requirements, and that it compares favourably with existing collaborative writing systems along several dimensions.
	www.cs.waikato.ac.nz /~stevej/Research/phd.html (402 words)

	New Learning Technologies Buffet / TryWikis
		Writely is a web word processor that provides simple and secure document collaboration and publishing on the web using only the browser.
		Writely is but one of a few new tools to check out.
		Think about a need where you might want to have a group of people collaborate on a written document, and what that would mean if it could be done via the web.
	learntech.pbwiki.com /TryWikis (907 words)

	Publishing Matters - Projects - Collaborative Writing
		Books in which professional authors collaborate with children and/or adults involved with an organization have enormous appeal to book buyers, corporate underwriters, and education foundations.
		The technique works for any group of participants regardless of age, literacy level, or writing ability because all participation is verbal.
		In about 45 minutes, the group created a strong story infrastructure out of one silly sentence: “Ralph wants some cheese.” In the process the students learned a lot about how to write a story, the nature of friendship, and the importance (and rewards) of respecting the needs of others.
	www.publishingmatters.com /projects/collaborative_writing.html (3484 words)

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