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	colligative properties - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		colligative properties properties of a solution that depend on the number of solute particles present but not on the chemical properties of the solute.
		Colligative properties of a solution include freezing point (see freezing), boiling point, osmotic pressure (see osmosis), and solvent vapor pressure.
		By measuring these properties and comparing them with the corresponding properties of the pure solvent, it is possible to determine the number of particles of solute present in the solution.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-colligat.html (249 words)

	SparkNotes: Colligative Properties of Solutions: Colligative Properties
		Colligative properties depend only on the number of dissolved particles in solution and not on their identity.
		Non-colligative properties depend on the identity of the dissolved species and the solvent.
		Note that we did not need to identify the nature of the solvent or the solute (except for its lack of volatility) to derive that the vapor pressure should be lower for a solution relative to the pure solvent.
	www.sparknotes.com /chemistry/solutions/colligative/section1.html (1802 words)

	Colligative properties of water
		These properties ideally depend on changes in the entropy of the solution on dissolving the solute, which is determined by the number of the solute molecules or ions but does not depend on their structure.
		Colligative properties are applicable to all solutes, including polymers, except at high enough concentrations as to cause significant molecular overlap [1101].
		As with other colligative properties, Raoult's law is also applicable to polymers, except at high enough concentrations as to cause significant molecular overlap [1101].
	www.martin.chaplin.btinternet.co.uk /collig.html (3326 words)

	Hammel, 1972, Colligative Properties of Solution (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Four of these properties which can be measured experimentally are (i) the osmotic pressure, (ii) the lower vapor pressure, (iii) the lower melting temperature, and (iv) the higher boiling temperature.
		Thus, the lowering of the melting point, like the other colligative properties, is attributable to the enhanced tension in the solvent induced by the thermal pressure of the solute molecules exerted at the free surface of the solution.
		The colligative properties at equilibrium in a solution with an unrestrained surface can be attributed to the thermal, mechanical, and electrostatic forces exerted by the solute and solvent molecules at this surface.
	dwb.unl.edu /Teacher/NSF/C01/C01Mats/Hammel/text.html (5860 words)

	Colligative Properties - Freezing Point Depression, Boiling Point Elevation, Vapor Pressure Lowering, Osmotic Pressure
		Colligative properties are those properties of solutions that depend on the number of dissolved particles in solution, but not on the identities of the solutes.
		The four commonly studied colligative properties are freezing point depression, boiling point elevation, vapor pressure lowering, and osmotic pressure.
		The osmotic pressure, like other colligative properties, does not depend on the identity of the solute, but an electrolyte solute will contribute more particles per formula unit than a nonelectrolyte solute.
	www.chemistryexplained.com /Ce-Co/Colligative-Properties.html (1612 words)

	Colligative Properties
		Colligative properties: Definition Those properties that depend on the number of particles (molecules or ions) of the solute rather than on their physical and chemical properties.
		Osmotic pressure has the greatest direct relevance to pharmaceutics, because it is the property that largely determines the physiological acceptability of parenteral, ophthalmic, and nasal solutions.
		However, osmotic pressure is extremely difficult to measure, so other colligative properties are determined and then related to osmotic pressure, since all colligative properties are interrelated.
	www.utmem.edu /physpharm/.009.html (1091 words)

	Properties of Electrolyte Solutions
		The colligative properties of solutions of different non-electrolytes is identical for identical molal concentrations.
		Since the measurement of the osmotic pressure is difficult and the colligative properties are interconvertable, one can calculate the osmotic pressure from another colligative property, as for example freezing point depression.
		by using the appropriate calculations based on colligative properties of solutions, it is easy to determine the amount of adjusting agents to be added and in so doing to circumvent side effects from administering less or more than isotonic solutions.
	www.utmem.edu /physpharm/.010.html (2844 words)

	Colligative Properties (C.R. Snelling, 5/01)
		Since the solution is primarily composed of solvent, the physical properties of the solution resemble those of the pure solvent.
		However, some of these physical properties, called colligative properties, are independent of the nature of the solute and depend only upon the concentration of solute particles.
		However, a mole of sodium chloride (NaCl) would dissolve to form two moles of ions (Na and Cl Because colligative properties are related to the number of solute particles, we would expect a mole of NaCl to have twice the effect as a mole of ethanol.
	www2.volstate.edu /CHEM/1120/Labs/Colligative.htm (1930 words)

	bento-box » Blog Archive » colligative properties
		Colligative properties are those properties of solutions that, at least when the solution is suitably dilute, do not depend so much on what the solute is as much as how much there is.
		In a purely phenomenological sense we can say that the solute is bringing about a change in the vapour pressure, through the chemical potential, and this is related to all the other effects we see[3].
		First off: one of the, as of yet, unspoken assumptions of colligative properties is that the solute is non-volatile.
	bento-box.org /2006/04/15/colligative-properties (1427 words)

	Solid-Liquid Solutions
		Colligative properties include the lowering of the vapor pressure of a solvent and elevation of the boiling temperature by the addition of a nonvolatile solute, the depression of the freezing point of a solution by a solute, and osmotic pressure.
		This is analogous to the other colligative properties of freezing point depression or boiling point elevation in that those phenomena depend only on the properties of the solvent and not on the solute.
		Example: Predict the solubility of iodine in water at 293 K given that its melting point is 387 K and its enthalpy of fusion is 15.5 kJ/mol.
	chsfpc5.chem.ncsu.edu /~franzen/CH431/lecture/lec_18_colligative.htm (954 words)

	Colligative Properties (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Colligative Properties are those properties of a liquid that may be altered by the presence of a solute.
		Examples of properties that fall under this category are the vapor pressure, melting and boiling points, and osmotic pressure.
		Since the properties of the solvent and solute molecules should be additive, we can think of the Boltzman curve as being the sums of a Boltzman curve for the solvent and one for the solute.
	neon.chem.uidaho.edu /~honors/collig.html (1361 words)

	Colligative properties - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In chemistry, colligative properties are the properties of dilute solutions of non-volatiles solute whose values just depend on the concentration of solute particles rather than their (solute) individual properties.
		The identity of the solute(s) has no first order importance in the consideration of colligative properties, and the degree to which their manifestation can be observed and measured is affected only by the number of solute particles in the solution.
		These types of considerations are approximate however, since in general, colligative models make assumptions of ideality wherein molecular interactions are neglected.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Colligative_properties (379 words)

	Lakefront Properties, Steel Properties, Colligative Properties, Camden Properties, Polymer Properties
		colligative properties Kathleen had fixed up and was every lot more important...
		colligative properties Finally Irving had her car door of the ripe nectarine...
		colligative properties She shot a yell I Josh said cautiously feeling pretty...
	nutopy.info /swd03/properties-2.html (1039 words)

	colligative
		The colligative properties of a solution depend on the relative numbers (concentration) of solute and solvent particles, they do not depend on the nature of the particles.
		Colligative properties change in proportion to the concentration of the solute particles.
		All of the colligative properties fit the relationship
	wc.pima.edu /~skolchens/C152OL/Ch14/colligative.htm (502 words)

	Colligative Properties
		These properties are not so much dependent on the nature of, or the chemical properties of the solute that is dissolved, but simply on the number of solute particles present, whether they are ions or molecules doesn't make too much difference except in the number.
		It is the concentration that make the difference, not the nature.
		Because of this they are all grouped together as a set of properties, and they are called the colligative properties.
	dl.clackamas.cc.or.us /ch105-03/colligat.htm (291 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		olligative property - a property of a solution which depends on the concentration but not on the nature of the solute.
		Examples are osmosis, freezing point, boiling point, vapour pressure.
		Colligative properties can be used to calculate the molecular mass of the solute.
	orac.sunderland.ac.uk /~hs0bcl/gg/colligative_property.htm (43 words)

	CHM 1046 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Colligative properties relate either the mole fraction, molal concentration, or molar concentration of a solute to a measurable change in a physical property of a solution
		Thus, we have a way to quantitate the number of moles of a solute based upon one of the four colligative properties
		This problem deals with the colligative property of boiling point elevation.
	wine1.sb.fsu.edu /chm1046/notes/SolnProp/Collig/Collig.htm (1611 words)

	Chemistry : Chapter 5 : Colligative Properties of Solutions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		With the units, notice the L/mol is the reverse of M = mol/L (M in the equation).
		As a colligative property, it is the molarity of the total number of particles, not the molarity of the solute that is generally used.
		When calculating the van't Hoff factor in any colligative property problem, including osmotic pressure, it is often easiest to include i in the equation and let the concentration represent moles of solute rather than moles of particles.
	www.wwnorton.com /chemistry/concepts/chapter5/ch5_5.htm (1273 words)

	colligative properties — FactMonster.com
		that depend on the number of solute particles present but not on the chemical properties of the solute.
		Colligative properties of a solution include freezing point (see
		colloid: Properties of Colloids - Properties of Colloids One property of colloid systems that distinguishes them from true solutions...
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/sci/A0812887.html (194 words)

	Forces and Bonding: Colligative Properties
		When a non-volatile solute is dissolved in a liquid solvent, certain physical properties of the liquid solvent are quantitatively altered.
		Although space does not permit a discussion of the importance of colligative properties, these are indeed very important phenomena.
		Particularly in biology, cells must maintain a delicate balance with their surrounding medium in order not to be destroyed by osmotic pressure, either by explosion or implosion.
	www.wpi.edu /Academics/Depts/Chemistry/Courses/General/colligative.html (2888 words)

	AllRefer.com - colligative properties (Chemistry) - Encyclopedia
		You are here : AllRefer.com > Reference > Encyclopedia > Chemistry, General > colligative properties
		Topics that might be of interest to you:
		More articles from AllRefer Reference on colligative properties
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/C/colligat.html (211 words)

	Freezing and Boiling Points of Aqueous Solutions-Homework
		This page is an exercise in colligative properties.
		When you load the page (or press "New Problem") a solute formula appears in the first cell and two of the other cells will show values.
		You can should continue to work on a problem until you get it correct, but you can get a new problem at any time.
	proton.csudh.edu /homework/hwfreezing.html (88 words)

	Colligative Properties - Determine Molecular Formula (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Colligative properties are properties which depend on the amount of solute dissolved in a solvent rather than the chemical makeup of the solute.
		Colligative properties include 1) depression of vapor pressure, 2) elevation of boiling point, 3) depression of freezing point and 4) osmosis (which is discussed in later tutorials).
		Click on the yellow icon below to download a free viewer at the Adobe website.
	lrc-srvr.mps.ohio-state.edu /under/chemed/qbank/9/9-26/index.htm (310 words)

	The Properties of Mixtures: Solutions and Colloids
		In our everyday lives, human beings deal with very few pure substances.
		The colligative (collective) properties of solutions include vapor pressure lowring, boiling point elevantion, freezing point depression, and osmotic pressure.
		Colligative properties of solutions are the differences in the physical properties of solutions that are due solely to the number of solute particles within the solutions.
	mccoy.lib.siu.edu /projects/chem200/chapter12.html (496 words)

	adriandingleschemistrypages.com - AP Quizzes - AP TOPIC 17 Colligative Properties SET A
		AP QUIZZES - AP TOPIC 17 Colligative Properties SET A
		AP Quizzes - AP TOPIC 17 Colligative Properties SET A. this page each time before re-taking and re-grading the quiz.
		MOVE ON TO NEXT QUIZ SET IN THIS TOPIC
	www.adriandingleschemistrypages.com /apquiz17A.html (104 words)

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