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Topic: Color science

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	Color science
		The sensation of color is evoked by the physical stimulation of light-sensitive elements in the human retina.
		Metamerism is fundamental to the science of color measurement, and without it, viewing a continuous variation of color from a color CRT display could not exist.
		, having a correlated color temperature of 5000° Kelvin.
	www.research.ibm.com /image_apps/colorsci.html (743 words)

	Color Glossary
		Basic color term A color word (a) that is monolexemic (unlike "reddish-yellow"); (b) whose extension is not included in that of any other color term (unlike "scarlet", whose extension is included in "red"); (c) whose application is not restricted to a narrow class of objects (unlike "roan"); and (d) that is psychologically salient (unlike "puce").
		Color constancy Stability in the perceived color of a surface across changes in illumination and the consequent changes in the light reaching the eye.
		Color temperature The temperature of the perfect fl body radiator whose chromaticity is closest to that of the light under consideration.
	tigger.uic.edu /~hilbert/Glossary.html (5536 words)

	Color Glossary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Basic color term A color word (a) that is monolexemic (unlike "reddish-yellow"); (b) whose extension is not included in that of any other color term (unlike "scarlet", whose extension is included in "red"); (c) whose application is not restricted to a narrow class of objects (unlike "roan"); and (d) that is psychologically salient (unlike "puce").
		Color constancy Stability in the perceived color of a surface across changes in illumination and the consequent changes in the light reaching the eye.
		Color temperature The temperature of the perfect fl body radiator whose chromaticity is closest to that of the light under consideration.
	www.uic.edu /~hilbert/Glossary.html (5536 words)

	KODAK S&T: Color Science
		Color science is applied across the range of Kodak research activity -- from the measurement of original colors to the prediction of how image-capture devices and imaging systems will perform in the hands of picture takers.
		Color science helps us analyze and quantify the content of pictures and how we as human beings respond to these pictures in our lives.
		Color appearance is also affected by psychophysical factors, such as our response to the perceived image brightness and to the specific conditions of the image-viewing environment.
	www.kodak.com /US/en/corp/researchDevelopment/whatWeDo/imaging/colorScience.jhtml (437 words)

	Color (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
		Colors are perceiver-dependent but hybrid properties: to have a specific color is to have some intrinsic feature by virtue of which the object has the power to appear in a distinctive way (e.g., as in 4).
		Colors are what fill in the outlines of these forms, they are the stuff out of which visual phenomena are built up; our visual world consists solely of differently formed colors; and objects, from the point of view of seeing them, that is, seen objects, are nothing other than colors of different kinds and forms.
		Color science is a large field, but it is built around the way that colors appear and to the conditions under which colors can be perceived, and the causes which lead to the perception of colors.
	plato.stanford.edu /entries/color (16979 words)

	Color Discrimination and Identification (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Small color differences can be distinguished when the areas to be discriminated are large, immediately adjacent to each other (share an edge near the viewed point) and are displayed at the same time.
		Color discrimination is best when a sharp edge separates the colors to be discriminated, for example, between a symbol and a uniform background color.
		When a smooth gradient separates two color patches the smallest detectable difference in color is larger than it would be if the patches were adjacent and separated by a sharp edge, and the difference of color appearance is reduced.
	colorusage.arc.nasa.gov /discrim.php (599 words)

	Color Science
		I then have the children rub their hands together and when the new color is created, they make two handprints in the center of the paper to show what happens when the two original colors are mixed.
		I then make a book of their colors, laminate it and hang it on the easel so that they can create colors while they are painting, coloring, etc. This is very helpful in teaching children how to create secondary colors.
		I use a couple drops of food coloring and add it to the frosting such as one drop of red and one drop of blue have them mix it together and they learn to make purple plus they get to eat their "science project".
	www.perpetualpreschool.com /preschool_themes/colors/colors_science.htm (1795 words)

	Perception and color science from Sherwin-Williams
		Indeed, the psychophysiological effects of color have entered common knowledge: generally, red and orange are stimulating, yellow is cheery, and blues and greens are calming.
		Sometimes personal preferences are influenced by colors a child is exposed to in early childhood, such as the color of a child's bedroom or his "favorite" outfit.
		Mid to light colors with a light reflectance value or LRV (this number can often be found on paint manufacturers' samples or swatch cards) at least 50 are appropriate for classrooms, but even the lightest paint can't help a poorly lit classroom.
	www.sherwin-williams.com /pro/paint_colors/about_color/working_with_color/graduate.jsp (1592 words)

	International Color Consortium
		The colorimetric rendering intents enable within gamut colors to be reproduced accurately (though possibly with compensation for the whiteness of the media) at the expense of out-of—gamut colors.
		These desired colors will be based on the colors of the input slide but are not necessarily identical to those colors or limited to the gamut of the slide medium.
		For instance, the "desired" colors may be a close facsimile of the original, an aesthetic re-rendering of the original, or a simulation of a specific reproduction medium different from both the input and output media.
	www.color.org /profile.html (3535 words)

	Webopedia: The Science of Color (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		However, these are the primary colors of pigment and different systems apply to the colors that we see on computer screens and the colors that we see in printed media and photographs.
		Colors would not be possible without light because color is, in essence, light either reflected off of objects we see or viewed directly from the light source.
		Unlike the primary colors of pigment, the primary colors of light are red, green (not yellow) and blue, commonly referred to as RGB.
	www.webopedia.com /DidYouKnow/Computer_Science/2002/Color.asp (540 words)

	REDKEN COLOR: The Redken Difference: Color Science
		Color Fusion is a modern, permanent color cream that delivers healthy-looking, multi-dimensional haircolor.
		Color Gels is a permanent haircolor line designed to provide exceptional gray coverage.
		Shades EQ is the #1 long-lasting no-ammonia demi-permanent haircolor in the U.S.A.* It is used in-salon to glaze, refresh or correct natural or color-treated hair.
	redkencolor.com /redken_difference/color_science.aspx (508 words)

	Color Realism and Color Science
		Color is the subject of a vast and impressive body of empirical research and theory.
		Given the prevalence of color vision and its deep theoretical relations to color, it is something of a scandal that hardly any philosophical accounts of color so much as mention the existence of color vision in non-human animals.
		Although the selection pressures driving the evolution of color vision are still a subject of controversy, plausibly it at least partly involves the use of color vision for object discrimination, detection, and recognition (Jacobs 1981; 1990; Mollon 1989).
	web.mit.edu /abyrne/www/ColorRealism.html (13686 words)

	CGSD's Color Science Library - Color Space Converter
		The Color Science Library is a library of C language functions that can convert among 18 different color spaces.
		Color Science Library Version 2.0 is now available for all four platforms.
		Color names are derived from tables originally produced by the U.S. National Bureau of Standards.
	www.cgsd.com /color_science.html (265 words)

	Color management and color science: Introduction
		In order to quantify human color vision, the CIE (Commission Internationale de L'Éclairage) has established a set of imaginary "red," "blue," and "green" primary colors that, when combined, cover the full gamut of human color vision, i.e., a combination of the three can match any monochromatic light source.
		These color primaries (shown on the left) have a curious property-- they have negative energy in portions of their spectra, i.e., they are not physically realizable.
		The colors in the diagram are not accurate, but the representation produced by Gamutvision is about as good as can be obtained with the limited color gamut of a computer monitor.
	www.normankoren.com /color_management.html (3839 words)

	REVISITING BASIC COLOR TERMS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		All, at first, was vague in color, but gradually a difference was perceived, and men were compelled to find some term to express this newly observed appearance...
		To excavate the foundations of modern colour science we must return to Roger Bacon (±1220-1292), for whom to speak of colour is to speak of vision tout court.
		Basic Color Terms (1969), derived from Rivers and Lenneberg, appealed to a priori biology and bio-physics for universality and perceptual evolution.
	human-nature.com /science-as-culture/saunders.html (5679 words)

	Autumn Leaves - Fall leaf colors - Why do autumn leaves change color and fall?
		The brown color of trees like oaks is made from wastes left in the leaves.
		This color is made in the fall, from food trapped in the leaves.
		The brightest colors are seen when late summer is dry, and autumn has bright sunny days and cool (low 40's Fahrenheit) nights.
	www.sciencemadesimple.com /leaves.html (1832 words)

	efg's Color Reference Library -- General Color Info
		In a sense brown is a physiological color.
		In the well-known book "Color Science," by Gunter Wyszecki and W.S. Stiles (2nd ed, Wiley, 1982) there are some spectral reflectance curves of human skin for a number of races.
		Description of a Color Reproduction Algorithm intended for the perceptual intent -- this paper discusses the different intents, and Color Reproduction Algorithms to use for each is coming soon to this same location (this poster's home page).
	www.efg2.com /Lab/Library/Color (1129 words)

	efg's Color Reference Library -- Color Science / Color Theory
		This is the only color wheel like this in the world, it's original and made for the naturally realistic painting artist.
		Color Theory is a set of principles used to create harmonious color combinations.
		Color relationships can be visually represented with a color wheel—the color spectrum wrapped onto a circle.
	www.efg2.com /Lab/Library/Color/Science.htm (2141 words)

	ScienceDaily: Giant Pandas See In Color
		Science Daily — They may be fl and white, but new research at the Georgia Institute of Technology and Zoo Atlanta shows that giant pandas can see in color.
		Graduate researcher Angela Kelling tested the ability of two Zoo Atlanta pandas, Yang Yang and Lun Lun, to see color and found that both pandas were able to discriminate between colors and various shades of gray.
		For instance, to determine whether to head for a bamboo patch that is healthy and colorful as opposed to one that is brown and dying.”
	www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2006/10/061013201943.htm (691 words)

	Information on profiles
		A selection of those articles, relevant to color management, is available here.
		The scope of this report is to document how different newspapers approach color management.
		Eight newspapers were chosen as examples of color management implementation: Aftonbladet (Stockholm); Associated Newspapers (London); Berlingske Tidende (Copenhagen); Børsen (Copenhagen); Dagens Nyheter (Stockholm); The New York Times (New York); Politiken (Copenhagen) and The Scotsman (Edinburgh).
	www.color.org /info_profiles2.html (360 words)

	Fish help unlock mystery of our skin color - Science Mysteries - MSNBC.com
		Zebrafish zipping around an aquarium have led researchers to a gene that may play an important role in human skin color, an attribute that has served as a basis for social discrimination through the ages.
		Most of the color in human skin comes from the pigment melanin, which protects against ultraviolet rays from the sun.
		In addition to skin color, the European version of the SLC24A5 gene may also be necessary for light hair color and light eye colors, such as blues and greens, the researchers suggest.
	www.msnbc.msn.com /id/10480835 (997 words)

	Color Science
		The diagram below was created using a FORTRAN program that computes the red, green and blue color coefficients for hot objects.
		The program uses the CIE color matching functions and Planck's distribution function for the spectral radiance of a flbody.
		Color Science : Concepts and Methods, Quantitative Data and Formula
	www.midnightkite.com /color.html (217 words)

	Color Matters -The Amazing World of Color Science
		A scientist explains how color might be the key to a new generation of x-rays and much more.
		Color and the World - "Color and Energy Matters"
		Color Matters is a registered trademark of J.L. Morton.
	www.colormatters.com /science.html (181 words)

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