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Topic: Colour space

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	Color space -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		When formally defining a color space, the usual reference standard is the (additional info and facts about CIE) CIE (additional info and facts about Lab color space) Lab color space, which was specifically designed to encompass all colors the average human can see.
		Since "color space" is a more specific term for a certain combination of a color model plus a color mapping function, the term "color space" tends to be used to also identify color models, since identifying a color space automatically identifies the associated color model.
		These spaces, such as (additional info and facts about Pantone) Pantone, are in effect a given set of names or numbers which are defined by the existence of a corresponding set of physical color swatches.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/c/co/color_space.htm (1439 words)

	Colour theory Lecture notes
		The colours that can be achieved by combinations of A and B are precisely the colours that lie on the line that lies between A and B on the chromaticity diagram.
		A non linear device dependent transformation is used to produce a colour space in which the distances between colours roughly correspond to the perceptual distances experienced by a wide set of observers.
		In theory this subtractive colour space is sufficient for the representation of the same set of colours as the RGB space.
	people.deas.harvard.edu /~jones/ap216/local_copies/colour_theory/colour.html (2067 words)

	CSC 418: Colour Representation
		A colour space in which the distance between two colours is always proportional to the perceived distance.
		The additive colour model used for computer graphics is represented by the RGB colour cube, where R, G, and B represent the colours produced by red, green and blue phosphours, respectively.
		To convert from one colour gamut to another is a relatively simple procedure (with the exception of a few complicating factors!).
	www.dgp.toronto.edu /~karan/courses/csc418/fall_2002/notes/colour.html (927 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Any real colour, which can be defined either by a reference formula defined in a tintometric system, or by the corresponding colorimetric coordinates of any one of the colorimetric spaces of known type, belongs to a set which will be referred to in what follows as a tintometric colour space.
		In particular, a comparison is made between the colorimetric coordinates of the colours of the tintometric colour space, which may be stored in the computer, for example, though without being limited to this, and the colorimetric coordinates of each colour generated by the algorithm.
		In a procedure of colour matching, once the colorimetric coordinates are known of a colour which it is desired to reproduce physically with a wall coating and/or a paint, it is possible to go back to a reference formula for it by means of conversion functions implemented, for example, on a computer.
	www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=03/27958.030403&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (2257 words)

	Colour metric (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The document by E.M. Granger mentions the Guth ADT colour space, and Charles A. Poynton wrote in his "colorspace-faq": "Although it was not specifically optimized for this purpose, the non-linear R'G'B' coding [...] is quite perceptually uniform".
		colour 24, and the tester chooses the closest colour from the remaining 63 palette entries.
		The transformation of the linear RGB colour space to the non-linear R'G'B' space is known as gamma correction.
	www.compuphase.com /cmetric.htm (2937 words)

	Philipp Otto Runge
		Runge's colour globe is seen as marking the temporary end to a development which had led from linear colours via the two-dimensional colour-circles to a spacial arrangement of colours in the form of a pyramid.
		Each colour placed on the surface of the sphere can move in five directions: towards the colours to the right or to the left; up towards white; down towards fl; and inwards to the pass the grey of the centre and continue in the direction of its complementary colour.
		In the introduction to his colour system, Runge complains that artists have been abandoned by scientists because scientists ignored those effects of colour "not explained merely by the refraction of the ray of light".
	www.colorsystem.com /projekte/engl/15rune.htm (767 words)

	TASI :: Advice \| Creating Digital Images \| Colour Management in Practice
		Colour management is not an easy subject and a little understanding of the supporting theory can go a long way to help you come to grips with the intricacies of colour management in today's workflow.
		This 'working colour space' could match the PCS and use the CIELAB colour space, but this is a very large and unbounded colour space that is far bigger than is required for output to either a RGB based monitor or any CMYK based printer.
		As we have seen the ICC approach to colour management is largely based around the use of colour profiles to objectively quantify the colour performance of the device for which it is made.
	www.tasi.ac.uk /advice/creating/colour2.html (5012 words)

	Colour Sapce (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The colour model used by children in painting classes might be the colours of the rainbow.
		HSI (or HSB) space can be thought of as a biconic space (2 cones with bases sitting on one another with points going in opposite directions) where H is Hue, S is saturation and I is intensity (or B is brightness or distance away from the base of the cones).
		If an image is processed in HSB space the colour (hue) or vividness (saturation) of selected parts of the image can be enhanced by manipulating a selected range of hues for example.
	www.milngaviebearsdencc.org /ColourSpace/ColourSpace.html (728 words)

	CMS for Beginners 1
		Colour is device dependent, so a colour image data file will produce slightly different colours depending on the device used to capture or display it.
		Every computer file that represents a colour image exists in some colour space, whether or not it is tagged with an embedded ICC profile.
		By calibrating a device against known colour standards, a device profile can be produced that describes that device’s colour reproduction.
	www.rogercavanagh.com /helpinfo/33_cms101-1.stm (429 words)

	[No title]
		The new coordinates for the new space are denoted as J’, a’, and b’.
		Thus the new colour difference formula becomes: EMBED Equation.3 (4) The matrix given by Equation (2), the power factor 0.63, and the lightness-weighting factor KL were obtained by minimizing the mean PF/3 value to fit the six datasets.
		PERFORMANCE OF THE NEW COLOUR SPACE The uniformity performances of the J’a’b’ space together with those of CAM97s2, IPT and CIELAB spaces were tested based on the generalized colour difference formula as Equation (4).
	www.colour.org /tc8-01/Li-final.doc (1167 words)

	Colour management basics \| Bruce McKenzie \| www.bioneural.net
		The aim of colour management is to match a particular tone in the colour space of one device to the same tone in the colour space of another device.
		Enter various arbitrary colour spaces that are not device-specific, with gamuts of varying size and names such as sRGB (small), Adobe RGB (larger), and ProPhoto (larger still).
		The job of colour management software is to manage the translation of colour data between device profiles and image profiles, relative to a standard reference based on a measure of human colour perception (the colour space "X" referred to above).
	homepage.mac.com /bruce.mckenzie/blog/C626412351/E352739758 (1087 words)

	TechXclusives - Colour Space Conversion - Part 1
		This would require the use of primary colours with negative power, (which is not possible), or scale with colour-matching functions that have negative weighting, (which is also not practical, as the CIE CMF’s are all positive).
		These axes define a colour space cube often referred to as “unity colour space,” as the axes are normalised to a magnitude of 1, and any space within the cube can be located as a vector in the form (Red, Green, Blue).
		The unit R’G’B’ colour space cube is now transformed into a new set of coordinates where the brightness (luminance Y’) is mapped in the vertical axis, and the colour difference channels B-Y and R-Y can be regarded as colour coordinates.
	www.xilinx.com /xlnx/xweb/xil_tx_display.jsp?sTechX_ID=am_colour&languageID=1 (1920 words)

	Skin Colour Analysis
		The detection of skin colour in images is a very useful and increasingly popular technique in computer vision for detecting and tracking humans.
		As a visual cue, skin colour is robust and inexpensive to compute, making it useful as an attention-focusing mechanism for more expensive computations.
		To produce an empirical camera-independent model for skin colour in HS-space, we assumed that the illuminant is one of the commonly-encountered ``white'' illuminants, namely daylight, and fluorescent or incandescent light sources.
	homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk /rbf/CVonline/LOCAL_COPIES/GONG1/cvOnline-skinColourAnalysis.html (576 words)

	CIE LAB* System
		The objective of this transformation is a colour-space to aid the numerical classification of colour differences.
		For the application of colour in industry, it is not only the measurement of colour that is significant, but also the exact determination of colour differences.
		A customer who places an order with a manufacturer for an article (for example a car) in a particular colour (such as ice-blue) will naturally expect the final delivery to be in that colour (although a small tolerance will obviously be permitted).
	www.colorsystem.com /projekte/engl/54labe.htm (574 words)

	Information on the HSV colour space
		The HSV color space is cylindrical, but usually represented as a cone or a hexagonal cone (hexcone), as displayed in this picture, because this is the subset of the space with valid RGB values.
		Thus, the main diagonal of the RGB cube corresponds to the V parameter of the HSV space.
		The HSV color space, like RGB, is a device-dependent color space, meaning the actual color you see on your monitor depends on what kind of monitor you are using, and what its settings are.
	www.nacs.uci.edu /~wiedeman/cspace/me/infohsv.html (1236 words)

	Converting between RGB and HLS colour space (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The RGB colour model is based on the fact that all colours may be formed by combining the light of a red, a green and a blue source light.
		Consequently, a colour in RGB colour space is defined by the intensities of the red, green and blue components that make up the colour.
		In the HLS (Hue, Lightness, Saturation) model, each colour is represented by specifying the hue of the colour on a colour wheel, the lightness and the saturation of the colour.
	www.geogr.ku.dk /chips/Manual/f177.htm (382 words)

	CIE - Walter S. Stiles
		is intended to describe the variation of colour induced by any two elements from the three-dimensional diversity of colours as perceived within the eye of an observer under set conditions of observation.
		In geometry, however, it presumes a unit (the meter) with which to measure a space, and the theoretical construction which achieves this is called a tensor — a line-element, in other words.
		MacAdam and Stiles are more concerned with the equidistance of colours, which in principle has little to do with their similarity, and we now speak of "higher colorimetry", which is indeed both complex and fascinating.
	www.colorsystem.com /projekte/engl/41stie.htm (718 words)

	Colour Management article
		Colour management is necessary because our human eyes are pretty amazing, but fantastically expensive as it may be, none of our computer darkroom equipment is perfect.
		Colour management is a fudge to make up for the fact that each device has different limits and deals with colour in a different way.
		Colour profiles on the PC have filenames such as"printer profile.icm" or "printer profile.icc" - they are interchangeable.
	www.virtualtraveller.org /wiziwyg/colourmanagement.htm (1395 words)

	WWW4: Not Just Decoration: quality graphics for the Web
		The simplest strategy is to start allocating colours with the first inline image and continue until you run out; then map all remaining colours to the nearest of those previously allocated.
		Seen in CIE LUV colour space, some clumping of the allocated colours is evident in Figure 7.
		There would be no simple relationship between the image colours and the allocated colours (as there is with a cuboid scheme) so the image would have to be quantised to the new palette.
	www.w3.org /Conferences/WWW4/Papers/53/gq-alloc.html (1685 words)

	Scriabin's "Poem of Fire" visualized in 3D digital colour space (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The 3D colour space consists of a particle system of coloured elements with varying mobility, independent speeds of direction, and various fluctuations in both number and movement.
		Struycken's colour space has an infinite structure in which impressions of form, movement, density and rotation are generated by means of high end computer graphics software and equipment.
		The formal design of the 3D digital colour space and the storage of the compute intensive images has been executed by specialized computer scientists to offer director Alsema a fixed colour structure in perspective which he was free to use and interpret in combining the particle system with the recorded video images of the musicians.
	www.hoise.com /CEC/LV-PR-12-98-3.html (685 words)

	Standards Articles --The Society for Imaging Science and Technology
		The minimum requirement for both manufactures and users is to include colour characteristics of input/output digital signals, which are of vital importance from colour management among colour equipment to specification sheets of the equipment.
		The three major factors of this RGB space are the colorimetric RGB definition, the simple exponent value of 2.2, and the well-defined viewing conditions, along with a number of secondary details necessary to enable the clear and unambiguous communication of colour.
		This is primarily due to the complexity of the colour transforms they need to perform to return the colours to device-dependent colour spaces.
	www.imaging.org /pubs/reporter/standards/14_2standards.cfm (1503 words)

	Anisotropic Diffusion in Riemannian Colour Space (ResearchIndex)
		We take into consideration that the colour space is non-linear and present some possible metrics of the colour space.
		We consider a colour image as a map of a domain in a Euclidean space into a colour space.
		The colour space is equipped by a metric mainly given by the "observer".
	citeseer.ist.psu.edu /renner03anisotropic.html (780 words)

	RBG colour space (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		There are a number of colour spaces in common usage depending on the particular industry and/or application involved.
		The colour space for computer based applications is often visualised by a unit cube.
		Each colour (red, green, blue) is assigned to one of the three orthogonal coordinate axes in 3D space.
	astronomy.swin.edu.au /~pbourke/colour/colourspace (533 words)

	[No title]
		Its colour space is perceptively uniform but this uniformity keeps its validity rather for non—adapted eyes than for adapted eyes.
		The attempts to form its colour space do not relate to the definition of small colour differences (ds units) namely to colour differentiation capability of the human eye as used for example in colour system Munsell, rather relate to the definition of large colour differences, harmony intervals (dh units) namely to the human sense.
		During the development attempts we have investigated on one side the aesthetical uniformity of hue along the colour cycles with different saturation and lightness, on the other side that of the sequences of saturation and lightness.
	www.iscc.org /aic2001/abstracts/poster/Nemcsics.doc (474 words)

	YCC colour space and image compression (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		There are an infinite number of possible colour spaces instead of the common RGB (Red, Green, Blue) system most commonly used in computer graphics.
		The two colour channels can be encoded with less bandwidth by using a number of techniques, predominantly by reducing the precision, or as will be discussed here, reducing the spatial resolution.
		Note that in many cases and this applies to YCC colour spaces, it is possible to represent colours that cannot be represented in RGB space.
	astronomy.swin.edu.au /~pbourke/colour/ycc (1451 words)

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