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	Rose and Graceys Restorations - Columbia Graphophone
		The Columbia Graphophone was manufactured by The Columbia Phonograph Co.
		This Columbia Graphophone came standard with a single-spring motor, an Analyzing Reproducer, and a nickel-plated horn.
		The Columbia "Symphony" horn in oak was an $11.
	www.talkingmachines.com /columbia1.html (213 words)

	The Columbia Graphophone and Grafonola
		Columbia had tested the waters with a Toy Graphophone in 1899 (using a center-start record for patent armor), but it wasn't until sometime in 1902 that they jumped into the market in a major way.
		A few late cylinder Graphophones were equipped with a switch and a reduction gear to accomodate four minute records, and a universal stylus midway between two and four minute cut was fitted to Columbia reproducers.
		Columbia advertising copywriters worked overtime to concoct glorious names for most of these models, such as the BI Sterling or the BD Majestic, but I've almost never heard modern collectors refer to them by anything other than their alphabetical designation.
	www.intertique.com /TheColumbiaGraphophoneAndGrafonola.html (1728 words)

	Sony Music Entertainment Inc
		Control of (US) Columbia passed through various hands until it was purchased in 1938 by CBS, which in 1939 contracted Sparton records as Canadian licensee, presser and distributor for the Columbia line.
		Columbia itself moved again into Canada in 1954 with a head office initially in Toronto and, as of 1960, in its suburb of Don Mills, where a plant in operation 1971-88 was capable of pressing 100,000 discs a day, and served many non-affiliated Canadian labels in this capacity.
		Columbia had Canadian artists on its roster in its earliest years, beginning with the concert performers Pierre-Aurèle Asselin, Craig Campbell, Louis Chartier, Paul Dufault, Eduardo Ferrari-Fontana, Jeanne Gordon, Émile Gour, Kathleen Parlow, and Joseph Saucier, some of whom recorded for the US company, others for the French-Canadian catalogue established after 1910 by Louis-Richard Beaudry.
	www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com /index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=U1ARTU0003271 (569 words)

	Columbia Records
		Columbia was originally the local company distributing and selling Edison phonographs and phonograph cylinders in Washington, D.C. Maryland and Delaware.
		Columbia severed its ties to Edison and the North American Phonograph Company[?] in 1893, and thereafter sold only records and phonographs of their own manufacture.
		In July of 1912 Columbia decided to concentrate exclusively on disc records, and stopped recording new cylinder records and manufacturing cylinder phonographs, although they continued pressing and selling cylinder records from their back catalogue for a year or two more.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/co/Columbia_Graphophone_Company.html (320 words)

	Columbia Records - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Columbia Records is the oldest brand name in recorded sound, dating back to 1888, and in fact was the first record company to produce pre-recorded records as opposed to blank cylinders.
		Columbia was originally the local company distributing and selling Edison phonographs and phonograph cylinders in Washington, DC, Maryland and Delaware, and derives its name from the District of Columbia, which was its headquarters.
		The Columbia trademark from this point until the late 1950s was two overlapping circles with the Magic Notes in the left circle and a CBS microphone in the right circle.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Columbia_Records (917 words)

	Columbia Graphophone Company - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Columbia Graphophone Company was one of the earliest gramophone companies in the United Kingdom.
		In 1922 Columbia Phonograph, as it was then known, sold its UK subsidiary Columbia Graphophone, but in 1925 Columbia Graphophone bought its former parent for $2.5 million.
		Columbia outside the U.K. The history of the Columbia record label outside the UK is dealt with in more detail in Columbia Records.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Columbia_Graphophone_Company (198 words)

	Columbia Records
		Columbia Records is the oldest brand name in recorded sound, dating back to 1888, and was the first record company to produce pre-recorded records as opposed to blank cylinders.
		Columbia was originally the local company distributing and selling Edison phonographs and phonograph cylinders in Washington, DC, Maryland and Delaware, and derives its name from the District of Columbia, which was its headquarters.
		Columbia's LPs were particularly well-suited to classical music's long pieces, so some of the early albums featured such artists as Eugene Ormandy and the Philadelphia Orchestra, Bruno Walter and the New York Philharmonic Orchestra, and Sir Thomas Beecham and the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra.
	www.pastywhitegirl.com /search/Columbia_Records (2140 words)

	Columbia Records at AllExperts
		Columbia was originally the local company distributing and selling Edison phonographs and phonograph cylinders in Washington, DC, Maryland and Delaware.
		Columbia severed its ties to Edison and the North American Phonograph Company in 1893, and thereafter sold only records and phonographs of their own manufacture.
		The Columbia trademark from this point until the late 1950s was two overlapping circles with the Magic Notes in the left circle and a CBS microphone in the right circle.
	en.allexperts.com /e/c/co/columbia_records.htm (989 words)

	Early Record Label History
		Columbia was one of the original record companies, and its origin can be traced back to the beginning of the 20th century, when it was engaged in the manufacture of cylinders, and phonograph machines.
		Columbia's cheap label was the "Phoenix" label which was pressed in the UK and the USA.
		Columbia was taken over in the 1980's by Sony Music, and still exists today, though the name and the "magic notes" logo are much less prominent..
	www.angelfire.com /band/vintage78rpm/great78/Early_Record_Labels.htm (958 words)

	Sony Music Online USA
		Columbia and Epic trace their beginnings to the late 1880s, to the Columbia Graphophone Company of Bridgeport, Connecticut, and the experiments of scientist Charles Sumner Tainter and his engineer colleague Chichester A. Bell, a cousin of Alexander Graham Bell.
		By 1891, Columbia was the first company to offer a catalogue's worth of its phonographs and cylinders.
		In 1948, Columbia introduced the 33-1/3 rpm LP (or long-playing record), invented by Peter Goldmark, which revolutionized the industry and soon became the accepted standard for sound reproduction.
	www.sonymusic.com /sony/about.html (1598 words)

	The 78rpm Home Page - The Canadian Columbia Group of Labels 1921-1931: How to Distinguish Canadian from American
		Columbia, Harmony, and Velvet Tone were issued in Canada during part of this period.
		Columbia disc records were probably pressed in Canada almost from the introduction of the disc record...
		We have been told by Joe Showler, an expert record collector and record producer, that this ring is called "the centre plate", and it is the mark of the head of the bolt that holds the stamper to the die in the press.
	78rpmrecord.com /colcan.htm (1395 words)

	Charles Sumner Tainter and the Graphophone (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The earliest Smithsonian graphophone that survives appears to be similar to these first successful models built by Tainter.
		Tainter was opposed this merger and believed that a showing his graphophone to Edison would cause the inventor to start work again on his old phonograph that he had put aside in 1879.
		The Columbia Phonograph Co. rose to become one of the Big 3 phonograph companies, producing Edison-type cylinders that played on low cost spring-motor machines such as the 1897 Eagle model that sold for only $10.
	history.acusd.edu /gen/recording/graphophone.html (5020 words)

	IEEEVM: Edward Easton
		Edward Easton was the founder of the Columbia Graphophone Company, one of the earliest manufacturers of a cylinder record player called that competed with Edison's phonograph.
		They called it the Columbia Graphophone Company because it was located in the District of Columbia, the capitol city of the United States.
		Columbia Phonograph thrived for a number of years, but when the phonograph market turned down it abandoned its line of entertainment phonographs and concentrated only on office dictation machines—a technology based on Easton’s passion for “mechanical stenography.” The company was renamed the Dictaphone Corporation, and survives to this day.
	www.ieee-virtual-museum.org /collection/people.php?taid=&id=1234682&lid=1 (421 words)

	1928 International Columbia Graphophone Competition at AllExperts
		The 1928 International Columbia Graphophone Competition was a competition part-sponsored by the Columbia Record Company in honour of the centenary of the death of Franz Schubert.
		Organized jointly by the Gesellschaft der Musikfreunde in Vienna and the Columbia Graphophone Company of Britain and America, the competition was originally announced on 26 June 1927 as a contest for composers from around the world to complete Schubert's Symphony in B minor, D. 759 (the Unfinished).
		Sources within the Columbia Graphophone company released unattributable stories to suggest that Havergal Brian's Gothic Symphony, which Donald Tovey as British delegate certainly considered a masterpiece, was also evaluated, as well as a set of symphonic variations entitled Karma by the American Charles Haubiel.
	en.allexperts.com /e/0/1928_international_columbia_graphophone_competition.htm (1095 words)

	MMD Archives: Columbia Graphophone and Orthophonic Credenza
		It may be behind some small doors, behind a grille (with or without fabric,) or, as is typical of Columbia machines, behind moveable vertical or horizontal louvers.
		Incidentally, the move to enclose the horn was championed, although not technically begun, by Victor with the introduction of the Victrola in 1906.
		Viewed with today's eye, the open horn models were generally very early (within the first twenty years of the commercial availability of disc records) and are considered quaint reminders of a simpler time.
	mmd.foxtail.com /Archives/Digests/199810/1998.10.20.06.html (902 words)

	Civilization.ca - Before e-commerce - Objects that speak: a technological revolution
		In 1899, the Eaton's catalogue offered apparatus for cylinders for the first time: the Columbia Graphophone and the Eagle Graphophone, similar to Columbia's model B. Columbia Graphophone, Model B. The BX model, which was very similar to this one, appeared in Eaton's (Toronto) Spring/Summer Catalogue, 1900, p.
		Columbia's Graphophone for flat disks first appeared in the Eaton's Catalogue in 1903, competing with Edison's phonograph.
		The late 1940s saw the emergence of the "speed war." In 1948, Columbia introduced the long-playing record (33 rpm on vinyl) to replace the 78 rpm.
	www.civilization.ca /cpm/catalog/cat2106e.html (1406 words)

	HISTORY OF COLUMBIA AND EPIC RECORDS
		Columbia and Epic trace their beginnings to the late 1880's, to the Columbia Graphophone Company of Bridgeport, Conneticut, and the experiments of scientist Charles Sumner Tainter and his engineer colleague Chichester A. Bell, a cousin of Alexander Graham Bell.
		By 1891, Columbia was the first company to offer a catalogue's-worth of it phonograph and cylinders.
		The year of 1904 brought the first discs to play at 78 rpm, and the pioneering double-sided records whose inner core of rice paper and mica compound was surrounded by a durable layer of shellac.
	www.sonymusic.com /labels/nashville/History (917 words)

	ANTIQUE COLUMBIA PHONOGRAPH GRAPHOPHONE,LAST PAT. 1897
		The front of the cover has "Graphophone" written in beautiful fl and gold letters on a gold ribbon-like design.
		Also written is "The Graphophone Patented May 4, 1886, Dec 27, 1887, April 3, 1888, June 10, 1890, Oct 15, 1894, March 20, 1897 Columbia Phonograph New York, London, Paris, Berlin." There is a very pretty floral accent on the bottom of the graphophone.
		The graphophone measures 6 1/8" in height, 9 1/2" from side to side, and 6 1/4" from front to back.
	www.antiqnet.com /detail,antique-columbia-phonograph,1004225.html (327 words)

	Rodda at Columbia Records (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In 1938, Columbia, along with another small label, was purchased by the Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS.) In 1948, Columbia introduced the 33-1/3 LP (the long-playing record.) This revolutionized the approach of recorded music.
		The basic roles of Columbia Records are to produce pre-recorded music as well as to expose the masses to upcoming artists.
		Its clients include the artist as well as the consumer-- Columbia signs artists onto the label and then work to create publicity for their upcoming CD, and then, according to whether the artist produces or not, decides whether to keep the artist on the label.
	www.bergen.org /academy/SeniorExp/2006/Rodda.htm (2328 words)

	frontline: the way the music died: inside the music industry: chronology - technology and the music industry \| PBS
		The popularity of the fairground jukeboxes allows the Columbia Graphophone Company (the company changes its name in 1894) to survive the dwindling economy of the 1890s and to become the only graphophone leasing company to turn a profit.
		Columbia ensures success by releasing a back catalogue on LP along with a cheap means of playing the new format.
		In 1950, RCA releases records on the 12-inch Columbia format, and in 1951, Columbia follows suit with the release of records on the 7-inch RCA format.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/music/inside/cron.html (3115 words)

	Columbia Graphophone Grand
		Columbia countered by cutting the price of the Graphophone Grand in half to $150, still a substantial sum.
		There are few 19th century phonographs that can rival this extraordinary machine in beauty or sound quality, however the high price and unwieldy nature of 'Grand' or 'Concert' phonographs and records kept these out of the reach of most people.
		Unfortunately for the well-heeled owners of these phonographs, they were completely obsolete only three years later when molded 2" records of hard fl wax came into the market, offering better sound at much lower cost.
	members.aol.com /antiquephono/gg.htm (243 words)

	Col_Phono
		At the turn of the century, Columbia and Edison were the major cylinder record producers in North America.
		Edison later issued the Blue Amberol cylinder; Columbia tinkered around with their own ' Indestructible' cylinder when they took over the Indestructible Phonograph Company of Albany, N.Y. in October 1908.
		By the end of 1910 sales were sliding off and finally in July 1912 Columbia announced to its dealers 'The Finish of the Cylinder Record'.
	www.geocities.com /fiddlindon/Col_Phono.html (451 words)

	MMD Archives: Value of Columbia Graphophone
		Shades of the Columbia House, no? The other machine is the way cool Oxford, with a big fl-enameled steel horn.
		This latter machine had a strange sort of deal with the records: you could select your own records from the 150 or so on the Sears list, but you could also have Columbia select 24 records from their collection of (get this) "of more than 1,000,000 records." That's a heck of a record collection.
		This one wasn't a Graphophone, but was instead called The Type F H Harvard Disc Talking Machine, which sounds like they were being _real_ careful about registered trade names.
	mmd.foxtail.com /Archives/Digests/199810/1998.10.19.06.html (547 words)

	A Chronology of the Sound Recording Industry, 1878-1924 - History - The Virtual Gramophone
		Lippincott invested $200 000 in the American Graphophone Company and agreed to purchase 5000 machines per year, in return for sales rights to the graphophone (except in Virginia, Delaware, and the District of Columbia).
		The two companies were, in effect, consolidated, the Graphophone Co. concerning itself with development and manufacturing and Columbia handling distribution and sales.
		The American Graphophone company is reorganized and the name changed to reflect its identity with Columbia.
	www.collectionscanada.ca /gramophone/m2-3009-e.html (781 words)

	Columbia Toy Graphophone
		The Columbia Toy Graphophone was introduced at Christmas 1899 and sold for $3.00, later reduced to $1.50.
		Five records came with the machine, and you could buy additional records in sets of 5 for fifty cents.
		The graphophone, horn and a set of records all fit into a small wooden box.
	www.myvintagetv.com /columbia_toy.htm (127 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In 1901 the Columbia Graphophone Company, taking advantage of the legal fighting of the Berliner interests, and recognizing the advantages of the disc format over cylinders, began to build and market disc records and machines.
		On the low end of the market smaller, less expensive models were built, some of which were used as promotional gimmicks etc. On the left we have a Columbia Graphophone "AJ" built in 1903 and sold for $3.00.
		Built by Columbia in 1904 and is identical except for the spindle as the Columbia "AU"
	doldon.ca /museum/tour9.htm (239 words)

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