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Topic: Comics Code Authority

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Comics Code

Silver Age of Comic Books

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Frederic Wertham

Detective Comics

Seduction of the Innocent

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	Fredric Wertham - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Comics were extremely popular among all youth at the time, so it was not surprising that young criminals also consumed them in large quantities, but Wertham increasingly saw a sinister connection.
		Comics, especially the crime/horror titles pioneered by EC, were not lacking in gruesome images; Wertham reproduced these extensively, pointing out what he saw as recurring morbid themes such as "injury to the eye".
		Wertham always denied that he favored censorship or had anything against comic books in principle, and in the 1970s he focused his interest on the benign aspects of the comic fandom subculture; in his last book, The World of Fanzines (1974), he concluded that fanzines were "a constructive and healthy exercise of creative drives".
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fredric_Wertham (1165 words)

	Comics Code Authority - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In its original form, the Code prohibited depictions of gore, sexuality, and excessive violence; required that authority figures were never to be ridiculed or presented disrespectfully, and that good must always win; and prohibited scenes with vampires, werewolves, ghouls or zombies.
		The storyline was well-received and the CCA's argument for denying its approval was criticized as counterproductive.
		As of 2005, DC Comics and Archie Comics are the only major publishers still submitting their books for CCA approval, and in the case of DC, only books from their Johnny DC and DC Universe superhero lines are submitted.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Comics_Code_Authority (1595 words)

	Comics Guaranty, LLC - Glossary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		A marking usually on the cover of a comic book, placed there by the distributor or the newsstand dealer to note when the book was placed on the newsstand.
		Comic books that were published before the Comics Code Authority came into effect.
		A comic book that has a different cover price than others of the same comic book and that was intended for distribution in the same country.
	www.cgccomics.com /glossary.htm (1815 words)

	Comics Code Authority St. James Encyclopedia of Pop Culture - FindArticles
		When the Comics Code was drafted in 1954, it was touted by its creators as "the most stringent code in existence for any communications media." It certainly created a fervor, and sparked heated debate about the role of comic books and what they could and should do.
		The Comics Code Authority, however, was quick to diminish as a censoring body, challenge after challenge reducing it to relative powerlessness.
		Called to testify, Wertham continued his attack on comic books, concluding "I think Hitler was a beginner compared to the comic book industry." William Gaines, publisher of the much-maligned EC line of comics, argued that these comics were not intended for young children and should not be subjected to protective censorship.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_g1epc/is_tov/ai_2419100272 (363 words)

	Gay League - Sealed With Approval - 1971
		The comics magazine, or as it is more popularly known, the comic book medium, having come of age on the American culture scene, must measure up to its responsibilities.
		Comic books have also made their contribution in the field of social commentary and criticism of contemporary life.
		No comics shall explicitly present the unique details and methods of a crime, with the exception of those crimes that are so farfetched or pseudo-scientific that no would-be lawbreaker could reasonably duplicate.
	www.gayleague.com /forums/display.php?id=274 (1410 words)

	The Comics Code
		A lot of people talk about the Comics Code Authority and the effect it had on the industry.
		Other restrictions may seem laughable to our modern tastes but we have to bear in mind it was a more innocent age and critics of the comics industry were scared the four color arts were all too speedily ending the innocence of America's youth.
		The Code was established in 1954 as the industry's self policing response to criticisms led by psychiatrist Fredric Wertham.
	www.onceuponadime.com /hist/comicscode.htm (1207 words)

	1954 Comics Code Authority
		Adopted on October 26, 1954, the enforcement of this Code is the basis for the comic magazine industry's program of self-regulation.
		Comic books have also made their contributiuon in the field of letters and criticism of contemporary life.
		Further, members of the Association have endorsed the purpose and spirit of this Code as a virtual instrument to the growth of the industry.
	www.comicartville.com /comicscode.htm (1179 words)

	Origin Of The Comics Code Authority
		Wertham was convinced that comic books were evil, that they contributed to the delinquency of minors, and also to their sexual perversion.
		As a symbol of this self- imposed regulation, the small logo 'Comics Code Authority' was affixed to the cover of all comic books which met the standards of publication set; it was a guarantee to parents, educators, and the government that these comic books were now safe for young readers.
		Comic books were forced to adhere to a code which simplified and neutered the westerns, crime and romance genres.
	www.sideroad.com /comics/column12.html (566 words)

	Footnote Comics : X-Statix
		Comic books were not the only medium to face restrictions, and the Supreme Court in 1948 declared unconstitutional a New York law that made it illegal to publish a magazine made up primarily of criminal news, Winters v.
		The Code itself was adopted on October 26, 1954, and was the basis for the comic industry's self-regulation for the next few decades.
		The Code was revised more substantially in the late 1980s, this time under pressure from DC Comics, which reportedly had considered dropping the code entirely.
	www.newsaic.com /fncxstatixindex.html (3806 words)

	Comics Continuum
		But if a publisher submits a book to the Code, and if the Code administrations rule that the book meets the Code's rules, the publisher puts a bug, a little quarter inch by three quarter inch stamp on the book, that says this book is approved by the Comic Code Authority.
		One of the people involved in the Code said that the worst thing that you can do is sell a non-kids appropriate material to children, with the implication being that, if it's a comic, it's de facto for kids, and you have to prove otherwise.
		Even if the Code were to make adjustments, the basic premise of the Code is that if it's comic book trim, it's for kids, and for me that's utter nonsense, and has nothing to do with the way the business has worked for the past 20 years.
	www.comicscontinuum.com /stories/0105/17/marvelindex.htm (3883 words)

	Marvel Comics' Break with the Comics Code Authority - PopMatters Comic Book Feature
		The stated aim of the Code was to keep our nation's young people from degenerating into skateboard-riding sex fiends, and one has only to visit a shopping mall today to offer a prayer of thanks for their heroic vigilance.
		The Code is an iron fist in a sandpaper glove.
		Ironically, all these comics were submitted for a cavity check from the CCA, and the regulators didn't even lift an eye from their girlie magazines -- which just goes to show that the CCA was hardly the cosmic evil that Marvel depicted.
	www.popmatters.com /comics/010830-marvel.shtml (1343 words)

	Overview Of The Comics Code Authority
		As stated last column, the Comics Code Authority of 1954 was created to halt the perceived 'seduction of the innocent'.
		One last Code dictum has plagued the medium for decades: "In every instance good shall triumph over evil and the criminal punished for his misdeeds." This moral dictum has had large literary implications; it made comic book stories not much more than simple morality tales.
		Created in 1954, the Comics Code Authority is a document which had comic book publishers trying to appease a white middle class America, which was desperately trying to maintain its values and morals.
	www.sideroad.com /comics/column13.html (542 words)

	Seanbaby.com - Comics Code Authority Transcription
		Since most people writing comic books have minds that are legally categorized as excrement, the Comics Code Authority created a set of standards for them to follow.
		But no one remembered to check and see if the Comics Code Authority were walking around with shit-filled heads.
		3) Respect for parents, the moral code, and for honorable behavior shall be fostered.
	www.seanbaby.com /stupcom/comicscode.htm (948 words)

	Comics Code
		General Standards Part A: Crimes shall never be presented in such a way as to create sympathy for the criminal, to promote distrust of the forces of law and justice, or to inspire others with a desire to imitate criminals.
		The letter of the word "crime" on a comics magazine shall never be appreciably greater than the other words contained in the title.
		Respect for parents, the moral code, and for honorable behavior shall be fostered.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/8580/cca.html (887 words)

	The Story Of CARtoons (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		It was a guarantee to parents, educators, and adjudicators that those comic books were free from subversive material and safe for young readers.
		The comic books were now forced to abide by a code that simplified and neutered the western, crime, and romance genres.
		“The Hot Rod comics were not affected by this controversy, but Charlton (a prolific hot rod comic publishing house), abided by the decision and affixed the comic code authority logo to the covers of their publications.”
	www.hotrod.com /thehistoryof/95178/index1.html (290 words)

	Comic Book Resources - Comic Book News, Reviews and Commentary - Updated Daily!
		Under the watchful eye of the Code, such previously-standard elements as vampires, werewolves, ghouls and zombies were no longer permitted in horror comics in fact, the word "horror" itself was forbidden to be used as part of a comic's title.
		An early example of the contents of a comic being adjusted to fit the Comics Code's requirements is Charlton's UNUSUAL TALES - underwhelmingly self-described as "Extraordinary Stories Never Before Told" - created with the intention of featuring somewhat tepid stories featuring mild fantasy themes.
		Soon, the duo are crawling on their hands and knees into the cave, where they see a live prehistoric fish, the armored bodies of mummified conquistadors and a live caveman (shown only in flened silhouettes, thanks to the Comics Code Authority).
	www.comicbookresources.com /columns/oddball/index.cgi?date=2005-08-26 (3012 words)

	[No title]
		After seeing a request for this and this being linked to the new controversy over video game codes, I decided that it was necessary to post this.
		STANDARDS OF THE COMICS CODE AUTHORITY FOR EDITORIAL MATTER AS ORIGINALLY ADOPTED Source: Comix, a History of Comic Books in America, by Les Daniels, copyright 1971 by Outerbridge and Deinstfrey, New York.
		Code For Advertising Matter: 1) Liquor and tobacco advertizing is not acceptable.
	www.mit.edu /activities/safe/labeling/comics-code-1954 (968 words)

	Index to Comic Art Collection: "Comics Ban" to "Comics Express" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Comics Code and Comics Code Authority are informal but often-used names for the Comics Magazine Association of America (abbreviated as CMAA).
		Concerns the Comics Code Authority, the state of mainstream comics, and themes and values new to comics.
		The Blank in the Comics strip collection includes a file of one or more daily comic strips related to this keyword or topic.
	www.lib.msu.edu /comics/rri/crri/comicsb.htm (5942 words)

	The Other Guys: Pre-Code Horror Comics
		Comic books were clearly taking a great deal of their inspiration from the pulp magazines; generally, if something sold well in the pulps, it would turn up in comics not long after.
		Their longest-running title was Jumbo Comics, which had long since ceased to be any larger than any other comic book by the time of the horror fad; for its final seven issues, numbered #161 through 167, the cover and lead feature were horror, though the rest of the book remained a mix.
		The comics market was declining at the time anyway, and at very nearly the same time that the Code came in there was a major shake-up in the magazine distribution system--the American News Company, by far the largest distributor in North America, was liquidated by its stockholders.
	www.watt-evans.com /theotherguys.html (9713 words)

	Crossover [Comic Widows] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		The Comics Code Authority itself was created back in the 1950s, in the hopes of making that era's ultra-violent comics a little more tame for the children who read them (yep, back then believe it or not, most comic readers WERE children).
		Maybe that code was a bit too severe, but now things are really veering back in the good old gruesome directions (though thankfully I haven't seen someone holding a pretty young woman's head on a modern comics cover, at least not yet).
		The Comics Code seal these days is just a tiny little bugger, something you'd easily miss if you didn't do some good perusing for it.
	www.comicwidows.com /crossover/index.php?link=0016 (558 words)

	The Comics Journal: Newswatch
		Marvel's decision to drop the Comics Code's Seal of Approval and withdraw from the Comic Magazine Association of America, which funds the Code Authority, is a historic one and could spell the end of the 50-year-old trade association and Comics Code.
		The Code is inappropriate for readers, consumers and retailers in the 21st century.
		Though the Code was once a powerful tool of censorship, the public's awareness of the seal has largely faded away.
	www.tcj.com /234/n_marvel.html (817 words)

	: RevolutionSF - I Can See Your House From Here : Editorial
		According to Wertham, "Hitler was a beginner compared to the comic industry," and since this is the US Government we're talking about here, a psychologist with half a box of crayons was given full credibility.
		The comic book industry - at the time focusing more on romance, science fiction, westerns, and horror than the super-heroes of today - was forced to create a self-regulating commission in order to avoid being shut down altogether.
		And while there's nothing particularly adult about the comic (and that may be the understatement of the week on many levels), there are some concepts in there that parents might not want their kids reading about (say, the topic of the hero being a soldier of Hell….).
	www.revolutionsf.com /article.html?id=30 (839 words)

	Lambiek's Illustrated Comics Code
		Fredric Wertham (parodied left as Dr. Wirtham), comic publishers got together and formulated the Comics Code, a set of rules to which comics were to adhere from that moment on.
		Here is the complete text of the Comics Code, illuminated with a few examples from comics from the pre-code era.
		A printable text-version of the original Comics Code
	lambiek.net /comics/code.htm (1031 words)

	Index to Comic Art Collection: "Comics M" to "Comics Zwischen"
		83, 98, 100, 109-111, 117-118, 126-127, 129-131, 134, 136, 139, 144-146, 149-150, 152) in Seal of Approval, the History of the Comics Code, by A. Kiste Nyberg (Jackson, Miss.
		83, 98, 111, 127, 139, 146, 149-150) in Seal of Approval, the History of the Comics Code, by A. Kiste Nyberg (Jackson, Miss.
		Comics and Visual Culture : research studies from ten countries = La Bande Dessinee et la Culture Visuelle : travaux de recherche realises dans dix pays = Comics und Visuelle Kultur : Forschungsbeitrage aus zehn Landern / edited by Alphons Silbermann and H.-D. Dyroff.
	www.lib.msu.edu /comics/rri/crri/comicsm.htm (8740 words)

	The Comics Code Authority - The Superhero Hype! Boards (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		I'm sitting here killing time, waiting for a conference call and I've come across the originally adopted standards of the Comics Code Authority and I thought it might be interesting for some people who've never seen it before.
		but the comic companies were afraid that the matter would re-open and they would be censored, so they created the CCA so that they could self regulate.
		and it wasn't just the government the code was designed to appease, it was also set up for distributers and newstands who didn't want to be associated from the scandle, or boycotted, as well as concerned parents
	www.superherohype.com /forums/showthread.php?t=123340 (1175 words)

	X-ray Comics - Comics Approved by the Comics Code Authority (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		X-ray Comics - Comics Approved by the Comics Code Authority
		Home >> Genres >>Approved by Comics Code Authority
		Please select a title from the list below to view its available back issues.
	www.x-raycomics.com /genre/169.asp (40 words)

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