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Topic: Commelinid

In the News (Wed 15 Feb 12)

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Family compact

	Commelinid Monocots Working Group
		The name "Commelinid" is preferred, as use of "Commelinoid" may cause confusion with the Commelinoideae, a subfamily of the Commelinaceae.
		A monophyletic group of monocotyledonous angiosperms that are united by DNA sequence data as well as the general chemical apomorphy of cell-wall bound, UV-fluorescent ferulates (e.g., ferulic, coumaric, dicoumaric acids).
		The Commelinids include the Arecaceae (palm family), Zingiberales (bananas, gingers), Commelinales (defined here as consisting of 4 families), Poales, sensu lato, and an assemblage of other groups of currently uncertain affinities.
	www.sci.sdsu.edu /plants/comm/commelinids.html (209 words)

	Wikipedia Tree of Life/Update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The latter were named informally as monocots, commelinoids (here changed to commelinids to prevent confusion with subfamily Commelinoideae of Commelinaceae), eudicots, core eudicots, rosids including eurosids I and II and asterids including euasterids I and II.
		In the commelinids (we change the name here to avoid confusion with Commelinoideae), the relationships of many of the previously unplaced families have been resolved (as summarized in Chase et al., 2000).
		The sole remaining unplaced commelinid family is Dasypogonaceae for which the ordinal name Dasypogonales is available should recognition become appropriate.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/W/Wikipedia-Tree-of-Life&fraslUpdate-of-the-Angiosperm-Phylogeny-Group.htm (9281 words)

	Davis, J.I., D.Wm. Stevenson, L. Campbell, D. Goldman, C. Hardy, F. Michelangeli, M. Simmons, and C. Specht. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)*
		Within the latter group there are four lineages of Lilioids, plus a Commelinid lineage that includes all remaining monocots.
		Within the Commelinids, Arecales are sister of a clade that includes all other members of the group.
		Morphological characters that contribute substantially to the overall phylogenetic structure include presence/absence of oxalate raphides, vessel elements in leaves, and cell wall ferulates, plus variation in phyllotaxis, leaf venation, stomatal type, microsporogenesis, placentation, endosperm storage constituents, embryo form, and modification of the first tepal as a bracteole.
	www.botany2001.org /section12/abstracts/204.shtml (210 words)

	Commelinid - the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Look for Commelinid inWiktionary, our sister dictionary project.
		Look for Commelinid inthe Commons, our repository for free images, music, sound, and video.
		If you have created this page in the past few minutes and it has not yet appeared, it may not be visible due to a delay inupdating the database.
	www.free-web-encyclopedia.com /?w=w&title=Commelinid&action=edit (86 words)

	Givnish, Thomas, Timothy Evans, Kendra Millam, Paul Berry, Jocelyn Hall, and Kenneth Sytsma. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)*
		Rapateaceae and Bromeliaceae are closely related families of commelinid monocots, each with a center of diversity in South America, and each with one species in West Africa.
		In Rapateaceae, monotypic Maschalocephalus is endemic to a sandstone area that abutted the South American Guayana Shield before the Atlantic rifted.
		The available data suggest that a parallel history may also characterize Mayacaceae, another commelinid family sister to Xyridaceae/Eriocaulaceae and closely allied to Rapateaceae and the Cyperales.
	www.botany2002.org /sympos14/abstracts/11.shtml (349 words)

	Campbell, Lisa M., Dennis Wm. Stevenson, Jerrold I Davis, and Christopher R. Hardy. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)*
		The reduced size and adaptation to the aquatic habit has made the placement of Mayaca within the commelinid clade difficult.
		In traditional systems of classification it has been suggested that this genus is related to Commelinaceae based on poricidal anther dehiscence and the operculate seeds, or to Xyridaceae based on parietal placentation and orthotropus, tenuinucellate ovules.
		These alternative hypotheses will be evaluated with respect to morphological data.
	www.botany2001.org /section12/abstracts/189.shtml (224 words)

	Phylogenetic relationships among Poaceae and related families as inferred from morphology, inversions in the plastid ...
		the Commelinids or as a member of the complex.
		or as sister of all of the Commelinids except Arecaceae), and
		Linder H. Kellogg 1995 Phylogenetic patterns in the Commelinid clade.
	www.amjbot.org /cgi/content/full/90/1/93 (8643 words)

	IngentaConnect Embryology and seed development of Blastocaulon scirpeum and Paep... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		This investigation shows that the bisporangiate condition does not suffice to separate Blastocaulon from Paepalanthus, since it is common to both.
		It also indicates, based on several embryological aspects, the proximity of Eriocaulaceae and Xyridaceae, which comply mainly with the features presented by the other commelinid families.
		These results may be used in future cladistic analysis of the family, and contribute to a better under-standing of its phylogeny.
	api.ingentaconnect.com /content/urban/121/2004/00000199/00000001/art00007 (209 words)

	IngentaConnect Systematic Significance of Cell Inclusions in Haemodoraceae and A... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Within the order Commelinales, silica is present in leaves of three families (Hanguanacaeae, Haemodoraceae and Commelinaceae), but entirely absent from the other two (Pontederiaceae and Philydraceae).
		Presence or absence of characteristic cell inclusions may have systematic potential in commelinid monocotyledons, although the existing topology indicates de novo gains and losses in individual families.
		Silica sand was observed in leaves of five out of nine genera examined of Haemodoraceae, predominantly in vascular bundle sheath cells and epidermal cells.
	api.ingentaconnect.com /content/oup/annbot/2003/00000092/00000004/art00571 (288 words)

	Monocots Lab
		A beak or rostellum is modified from the one sterile stigma; locate this structure.
		Commelinids: Avena (Poaceae or Gramineae - oats) (pp.
		= Alismatales, L = Lilioid, C = Commelinid
	www.botany.wisc.edu /courses/botany_400/Lab/LabWK14Monocots.html (626 words)

	Palm Anatomy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Longisection through seed of Adonidia merrillii showing ruminate endosperm intruded by the light brown testa.
		Starchy pollen appears to be a characteristic of the Commelinoid (Commelinid) monocots (orders Arecales, Poales, Commelinales, and Zingiberales).
		A survey of 31 palms found starchy pollen (as indicated by IKI staining) in all but four species.
	www.virtualherbarium.org /palmresearch (1193 words)

	Steve's place - Empire
		Another group of insect exploiters are the aroids, including Arisaema (left), and the largest inflorescence on Earth, the titan arum.
		Phragmites, a grass, will represent the huge commelinid clade, which includes grasses, sedges, rushes, bromeliads (pineapples), and a vast number of other important monocot plants.
		It's difficult to do justice to the diversity of flowering plants, but you all know what bananas, lilies (Lilium, left), and similar look like, so I'm trying to give more space to the things you've never heard of instead!
	www.steve.gb.com /vegetable_empire/empire.html (1525 words)

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