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Topic: Comminution

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	Method and apparatus for the comminution of material for grinding - Patent 5375776
		The invention relates to the comminution of material for grinding, particularly for the production of cement, wherein the material for grinding is comminuted in a mill and the comminution product is classified in a classification zone into fines and oversize material and the oversize material is returned to the mill.
		The method of claim 1 including subjecting the comminuted product to a course preliminary separation treatment upstream of the first stage to separate relatively oversized material from relatively finer material, returning the oversized material to the mill for further comminution, and passing the remainder of the relatively finer material to the first stage.
		If during this comminution an agglomerated comminution product, particularly in the form of so-called scabs, occurs in the high-pressure grinding roll mill 4--depending upon the feed material--then it will be advantageous for these scabs to be broken up in the disagglomerator 5 arranged after the mill 4 for the purpose of improved separation possibilities.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5375776.html (2333 words)

	Chemplex Industries, Inc: Technical Reprints: A Comminution Device for X-Ray Spectrochemical Analysis
		The objective of the comminution procedure is to reduce the constituent particles to a uniform size, shape, distribution, and level of insignificant influence on analytical data in a statistically reproducible manner.
		Comminution is effected by collision and milling actions by the grinding media on the sample substance.
		A significant improvement in the comminution, process is indicated by the convergence of the individual curves to a point common to the different sample substances with the exception of the chunky sample material, which still presented difficulty as evidenced by its displacement and degree of departure from convergence with respect to the other curves.
	www.chemplex.com /technicalReprints/xraySpecAnalysisComminutionDevice.aspx (2156 words)

	Method of comminution of hydrided metals - Patent 5100065
		A reactive metal such as zirconium, hafnium, and titanium is subjected to comminution in a closed chamber containing a non-reactive gas modified by the addition of an amount of a vaporized liquid hydrocarbon.
		The invention is concerned with the comminution of hydrided reactive metals, such as zirconium, hafnium and titanium, in a non-reactive atmosphere.
		In accordance with conventional practice, surface energy of fresh surfaces of the comminuted metal within the chamber is passivated by absorption of small amounts of oxygen and nitrogen, but the presence of even small quantities of oxygen and nitrogen in the comminuted metal is undesirable.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5100065.html (578 words)

	Class Definition for Class 241 - SOLID MATERIAL COMMINUTION OR DISINTEGRATION
		The term "comminution" has been considered to be generic to all the terms ordinarily applied to the subject matter of this class (e.g., grinding, milling, disintegration, trituration, pulverization, etc.).
		Claims which include in addition to the specific operator (1) the manner of supporting the comminuting element relative to other parts of the comminutor, (2) mention of a plurality of cooperating elements, or (3) structural characteristics of the element itself, are considered to be claims to a significant comminutor combination for classification in Class 241.
		Processes in which the comminution or disintegration results in the rupturing of cells in the material or the liberation of liquids in the material or some operation in addition to the comminution or disintegration, to rupture the cells or liberate contained liquids.
	www.uspto.gov /go/classification/uspc241/defs241.htm (7059 words)

	Comminution device
		A Comminution Device in which the comminution structure has its upper portion enclosed during operation within a movable cover which cover controls the actuation of the flywheel to prevent rotation of the flywheel when opening the cover is initiated.
		Comminution devices are used in various industries with one particularly well known prior use being in the plastics industry in which such devices are commonly referred to as plastics granulators.
		Since the rotating member of the comminution structure can become stuck during operation it is necessary to provide reasonably easy access to the comminution structure during operation of the granulator to permit removal of the plastic piece preventing the rotor member from rotating.
	www.skk-banjaluckapivara.com /invent/container_ship/comminution.html (2235 words)

	Comminution (Overview - Research)
		Researchers are working to improve the comminution process to achieve energy efficiency and satisfactory presentation of feed for downstream processing.
		Comminution, combined with physical separation, is the typical first stage in extracting minerals from ores.
		Good design of comminution plants, both for energy efficiency and presentation of feed to downstream processing, is vital for the minerals industry.
	www.csiro.au /science/Comminution.html (296 words)

	Minerals Engineering Conferences - Comminution 04
		Comminution 04 essentially achieved its objective to present the ‘state of play’ in comminution research and application on a global scale.
		He said comminution was the key to good mineral processing and, in his view the most important part of the processing plant.
		The JKMRC connection was thread neatly into the penultimate paper for Comminution ’04, which was presented by a world leader in comminution research, Dr Frank Shi, who compared the performance of the low-allow cast iron cylindrical, slightly tapered-shaped ‘cylpebs’ with the traditional use of steel balls as grinding media.
	www.min-eng.com /comminution04/rep.html (3653 words)

	The frictional and micromechanical effects of grain comminution in fault gouge from distinct element simulations
		We simulate the comminution process of quartz gouge using the distinct element method (DEM) to examine the influences of grain comminution and associated dynamic changes in grain characteristics on the frictional and micromechanical behavior of granular shear zones.
		Grain comminution may decrease or increase gouge strength, depending on the direction and degree of change in grain shape.
		Citation: Guo, Y., and J. Morgan (2006), The frictional and micromechanical effects of grain comminution in fault gouge from distinct element simulations, J.
	www.agu.org /pubs/crossref/2006/2005JB004049.shtml (384 words)

	Comminution Circuits - Milling Process Solutions - Malvern.com
		Comminution is used in a diverse range of industries from pharmaceutical drug size reduction to cement manufacture.
		There are a number of locations in the comminution circuit where the installation of an on-line particle size analyzer will enable tighter control of milled particle size.
		Using Insitec systems they were able to better determine when the comminution product changed from a transitionary state to the final specification.
	www.malvern.com /ProcessEng/processes/milling/milling.htm (396 words)

	Comminution Circuits - Milling Process Solutions (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Continuous wet and dry milling plants face similar comminution challenges in achieving high throughput, consistent milling particle size and efficiency of operation.
		Comminution is used in a diverse range of industries from pharmaceutical drug size reduction to cement manufacture.
		Using Insitec systems they were able to better determine when the comminution product changed from a transitionary state to the final specification.
	www.malvern.co.uk /ProcessEng/processes/milling/milling.htm (387 words)

	ABSTRACT
		Disintegration of renal calculi in a lithotripter field is the consequence of dynamic fracture of stone materials due to the mechanical stresses produced either directly by the incident lithotripter shock wave (LSW) or indirectly by the collapse of cavitation bubbles (Lokhandwalla and Sturtevant, 2000).
		Emphasis is placed on delineating the contribution of various working mechanisms to the overall success of stone comminution, and on understanding of the progressive development of stone comminution in SWL in relation to the contributing mechanisms.
		Although the contribution of each individual cavitation bubble to the overall stone comminution is small, the accumulative effect from numerous bubbles generated during the course of SWL treatment could be significant.
	www.duke.edu /~slzhu/research/fv/sf/research1g.html (5396 words)

	USGS Bulletin 1823 - Preparation of Coal for Analysis
		The pulverization of bulk coal samples from the field serves both to homogenize the coal, which typically is quite heterogeneous, and to reduce the material to small particles needed for rapid ashing and dissolution.
		The comminution of a field sample and the splitting of the resulting pulverized sample into portions to be distributed to various laboratories, while minimizing contamination from grinding surfaces, sieves, and other coals, are essential to the success of all subsequent chemical measurements.
		Thus, the comminution process is of critical importance, and all aspects of the laboratory arrangement and of procedures for grinding coals must be carefully planned (Swaine, 1985).
	pubs.usgs.gov /bul/b1823/02.htm (2091 words)

	Class Schedule for Class 241 SOLID MATERIAL COMMINUTION OR DISINTEGRATION
		Comminuting element or comminuting element attached, gas moving means
		Comminuting surface provided with openings to permit discharge of material
		With means to change or adjust comminuting position of screen or screen element
	www.uspto.gov /go/classification/uspc241/sched241.htm (356 words)

	Minerals Engineering Conferences - Comminution 2001
		This, the 3rd International Comminution Conference, was organised by Minerals Engineering International in collaboration with the Julius Kruttschnitt Mineral Research Centre, Australia and sponsored by Mintek of South Africa.
		The third day of Comminution 01 could best be summed up as 'heavy duty', with a searching look at the state of ball milling in the morning sessions, culminating with AG and SAG milling as the conference drew to a close.
		Randolph left delegates pondering the state of comminution research in the future with a look at a unique approach to investigate the behaviour of AG and SAG mills based on non-contact acoustic monitoring.
	www.min-eng.com /comm01.html (3025 words)

	eMedicine - Pilon Fractures : Article by Vinod K Panchbhavi, MD
		CT scanning of the distal tibia and ankle joint is almost mandatory and yields a better understanding of the fracture pattern, the comminution, the displacement, and the impaction of articular fragments.
		Often, comminution is present in the anterior cortex of the distal tibial metaphysis and at the junction of the metaphysis and diaphysis.
		Significant comminution and displacement of fracture fragments in a pilon fracture.
	www.emedicine.com /Orthoped/topic261.htm (5195 words)

	Anterior Surgery for Thoracolumbar Burst Fractures: Rationale and Technique
		The fracture results in comminution of the vertebral body, disruption of one or both of the vertebral end plates, and retropulsion of the posterior vertebral body wall (the middle column), into the spinal canal.
		In Type A there is comminution of the whole body, in Type B the superior body only and Type C the inferior body.
		Type D injuries have whole body comminution and a lateral translational deformity in the AP projection, suggesting greater mechanical instability.
	www.spineuniverse.com /rtbarticle.php/article1670.html (5073 words)

	Integrating comminution stages (Site not responding. Last check: )
		CSIRO has been involved in comminution RandD with industry since the early 1960's.
		This has led to the development of an extensive database of the comminution performance of various ores on a size-by-mineral basis.
		The data have been progressively incorporated into mathematical models to the stage where, for example, flotation particle size requirements can now be used to more accurately predict mill requirements so machines may be selected with greater confidence.
	www.minerals.csiro.au /main/pg2.asp?id=35361 (71 words)

	Laboratory studies in comminution: Part VI The specific rate of breakage for rod and ball milling of quartz ...
		Laboratory studies in comminution: Part VI The specific rate of breakage for rod and ball milling of quartz (ResearchIndex)
		Laboratory studies in comminution: Part VI The specific rate of breakage for rod and ball milling of quartz
		1 Laboratory studies in comminution Part V Simulation of an in..
	citeseer.ist.psu.edu /436871.html (697 words)

	Duke Comprehensive Cancer Center - Radiation Oncology
		PURPOSE: The comminution of kidney stones in shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) is a dose dependent process caused primarily by the combination of 2 fundamental mechanisms, namely stress waves and cavitation.
		Specifically the comminution efficiencies produced by the 3 strategies after the initial 500 shocks were 30.7%, 59% and 41.9%, respectively.
		After 1,500 shocks the final comminution efficiency produced by the first strategy was 88.7%, which was better than the corresponding values of 81.2% and 83.5%, respectively, for the other 2 strategies.
	cancer.duke.edu /modules/RadOnc9/members.php?action=abstract&id=868&LName=&PE_iID=836869 (367 words)

	uhrad.com - Musculoskeletal Imaging Teaching Files
		Findings: Comminuted fracture of the lateral process of the talus with approximately 8 mm of displacement.
		Discussion: Although fractures of the lateral process of the talus represent slightly less than 1% of all ankle injuries, they are the second most common fracture of the talus.
		The most effective radiographs are of good quality and are taken with the ankle at 0 degree and the leg rotated inward 10 - 20 degrees.
	rd.business.com /index.asp?epm=s.1&bdcq=Comminution&bdcr=1&bdcu=http://www.uhrad.com/msiarc/msi035.htm&bdct=20071128152348&bdcp=&partner=2662601&bdcs=nwuuid-2662601-95813113-58F3-A419-F1D0-71C423D18BF6-ym (511 words)

	PBE Article Index: Comminution variables and options (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Comminution is a simple milling process that reduces bulky material into smaller, more usable pieces.
		This article discusses comminutors, reviews the different types of comminution, and explains how operating variables affect the comminution process.
		Comminutors are used extensively in many industries to reduce large pieces of material into small particles that range in size from coarse to fine.
	www.powderbulk.com /getarticle.cfm?articleid=453 (183 words)

	Comminution Circuit Design and Optimisation
		A change in comminution circuit design or operational philosophy can often result in a reduction in power usage or an increase in circuit throughput.
		This simulation expertise, coupled with extensive experience in evaluating comminution circuit operation, can be used to assess comminution circuit configuration and the key design variables of the system.
		The operation of a comminution circuit is often strongly constrained by the feed size distribution and the ultimate losses in flotation recovery that result from a change in comminution product size.
	www.metsominerals.com /inetMinerals/mm_proc.nsf/WebWID/WTB-041207-2256F-F0D2A (163 words)

	Aphios Corporation
		Aphios’ process utilizes nontoxic liquefied gases, compressed gases, or supercritical fluids (which have properties intermediate to gases and liquids) to form small (0.5 to 5 micron), monodisperse protein particles without first dissolving the material in a liquid solvent.
		The comminuted protein particles retain full activity and are devoid of residual processing chemicals such as solvents, salts, or surfactants.
		The technique can also be useful in obtaining a desired particle size in drug manufacture, and may also prove useful in terms of controlled release formulations such as microspheres or aerosol delivery systems.
	www.aphios.com /Press/092899.htm (402 words)

	Chemplex Industries, Inc: Grinding Equipment: Gyralgrinder® Sample Comminution Grinder
		The comminution dish firmly clamps in position using a single one-hand operated lever that also swings away for full accessibility to the sample chamber.
		Variable intensity of impact control provides a means to minimize the introduction of transition element contamination to the sample and wear to the grinding dish.
		It also allows for the comminution of a wide range of samples extending from soft to very hard.
	www.chemplex.com /grinding/gyralgrinder.aspx (285 words)

	Centrifugal Mill offers rapid comminution., Retsch, Inc.
		ZM 100 can be used for comminution of soft to medium hard and fibrous materials with input size up to 10 mm.
		The new Ultra Centrifugal Mill ZM 100 mill from Retsch is ideal for the used for the rapid comminution of soft to medium hard and fibrous materials with an input size up to 10 mm.
		The streamlined, bench top mill is widely used in a number of different industries such as environmental, energy, food, chemical, cosmetics, biological, and pharmaceutical sectors.
	news.thomasnet.com /fullstory/16888 (587 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: )
		By evaluation of spatial force distributions achieved numerically for various rotation velocities we argue that comminution occurs mainly due to the existence of force chains.
		A statistical analysis of these force chains explains the spatial distribution of comminution efficiency in ball mills as measured experimentally by Rothkegel [1] and Rolf [2].
		In agreement with experimental observations by Rothkegel [1] we find that local stresses - and hence the comminution efficiency - are maximal close to the bottom of the container.
	bioinf.charite.de /thorsten/publications/GranRotZylComminution-abstracts.html (309 words)

	comminution - OneLook Dictionary Search
		Tip: Click on the first link on a line below to go directly to a page where "comminution" is defined.
		comminution : Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary [home, info]
		comminution : US Envirionmental Protection Agency Terminology Reference System [home, info]
	www.onelook.com /?w=comminution&ls=a (152 words)

	Conveyor Dynamics, Inc. >> CT Overview
		Conveyor Dynamics, Inc. created a complete mine-to-mill approach by launching Comminution Technology (CT), a division of CDI that supports the full spectrum of comminution activities.
		News: The mineral processing portion of Comminution Technology has been sold to Metso Minerals.
		See other Comminution Technology and Conveyor Dynamics papers authored by CDI.
	www.conveyor-dynamics.com /ct_intro.htm (105 words)

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