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	Common carrier - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A property common carrier is an organization (often a commercial or private business but sometimes a government agency) that provides transportation of persons or goods, often over a definite route according to a regular schedule, making its services available to all who choose to employ them.
		Common carriers generally exist under a different regulatory regime than specialised carriers, are subject to different laws, and sometimes to different treatment in other ways (e.g.
		This has led to the argument in favor of network neutrality and a return to the common carrier principles that networks should not be able to discriminate with regard to content nor be liable for content.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Common_carrier (804 words)

	"Common Carrier" Defined
		Common carriers are generally of two descriptions, namely carriers by land and carriers by water.
		Carriers by water are the masters and owners of ships and steamboats engaged in the transportation of goods for persons generally for hire and lightermen, hoymen, barge-owners, ferrymen, canal boatmen and others employed in like manner are so considered.
		A common carrier of goods is in all cases entitled to demand the price of carriage before he receives the goods, and if not paid he may refuse to take charge of them; if, however, he take charge of them without the hire being paid he may afterwards recover it.
	www.lectlaw.com /def/c069.htm (895 words)

	Cybertelecom :: Common Carriers
		By common law, common carriers were 1) required to serve upon reasonable demand, any and all who sought out their services; 2) held to a high standard of care for the property entrusted to them; and 3) limited to incidental damages for breach of duty.
		A common carrier need not be a "public utility" or a "regulated monopoly," and vice versa; for example, public buses operating as common carriers are usually neither utilities nor monopolies; conversely, public utilities in electricity provision are not usually common carriers.
		A telecommunications carrier shall be treated as a common carrier under this chapter only to the extent that it is engaged in providing telecommunications services, except that the Commission shall determine whether the provision of fixed and mobile satellite service shall be treated as common carriage." 47 USC § 153(44) (1999).
	www.cybertelecom.org /notes/common_carrier.htm (5017 words)

	liibulletin: Adams v. New York City Transit Auth.
		Brooklyn and Crosstown R.R. Co., 90 N.Y. The Stewart court held that common carriers are subject to strict vicarious liability for the actions of their employees regardless of whether or not the actions of the employees were outside of the scope of the employment.
		Whether a common carrier is liable to passengers for the torts of its employees committed outside the scope of employment.
		The Stewart court reasoned "that carriers should be held liable for the irrational and gratuitous intentional misconduct of their employees, since it would be anomalous to deny liability in those circumstances while imposing liability when an employee negligently permits a passenger to be attacked by a stranger." The court rejects this justification for two reasons.
	www.law.cornell.edu /nyctap/comments/i96_0100.htm (2261 words)

	The ISP - The Uncommon Carrier
		A common carrier is not a law enforcement agency, nor is it an agent of the judiciary.
		Equally, it is probably inappropriate for a common carrier to extend the scope of such investigations on the basis of external allegations of activities that are not related to the integrity of the service itself.
		While it may be the correct common carrier position to disclaim all responsibility for the actions of its customers together with the content passed across its network, to ignore such complaints marks the ISP as a haven for such anti-social activities.
	www.potaroo.net /ispcolumn/2002-01-uncommon.html (1937 words)

	Common Carrier Microwave (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Common Carrier Microwave Stations are governed by Part 101 (Formerly Part 21) of Title 47 CFR.
		Common Carrier microwave stations are generally used in a point-to-point configuration for long-haul backbone connections or to connect points on the telephone network which cannot be connected using standard wire line or fiber optic because of cost or terrain.
		Common Carrier microwave stations are licensed to applicants who intend to provide communications service to the public.
	wireless.fcc.gov /microwave/commoncarrier.html (244 words)

	Beyond Liberalization II: The Impending Doom of Common Carriage
		In head-to-head competition between a common carrier and a private contract carrier the former is at an inherent disadvantage.
		As common carriage begins to unravel, its greatest supporters (but only as applied to others) are likely to be the contract carriers, who will want to preserve their competitive advantage.
		Common carrier responsibilities of access and non-discrimination are not likely to attach to such "overhead operations" as personnel administration, real estate, and the like, or to "incidental services" such as the marketing of computers, because these are not a part of core telecommunications service.
	www.columbia.edu /dlc/wp/citi/citinoam11.html (8711 words)

	The Truth About Using a Common Carrier Exemption
		In determining whether a purchaser or lessee of an aircraft is using that aircraft as a common carrier of persons or property, only that use of the aircraft by the carrier during the first 12 consecutive months commencing with the first operational use of the aircraft will be considered.
		This test period does not include, and is extended by, the amount of time, prior to the first use of the aircraft as a common carrier, during which the aircraft is in the physical possession of a repair station certified by the FAA or a manufacturer’s maintenance facility undergoing modification, repair, or replacement.
		The documentation must establish that the principal use of the aircraft was as a common carrier during the first twelve months of operational use.
	www.aeromarinetaxpros.com /common-carrier-exemption.htm (2191 words)

	Personal Injuries In Common Carrier Accidents
		In cases of common carrier accidents the sustained injuries of the passengers will determine the degree of liability to be paid by the carrier.
		The law also requires that a common carrier be strictly required to employ the highest degree of care as well as make use of safety measures in order to make sure that its passengers arrived at their destination unharmed.
		There some state law that stipulates that a common carrier does not have an absolute responsibility of ensuring its passenger's safety however there should be utmost care when transporting passengers to refrain from accidents.
	www.ez-article-search.com /article5366.html (380 words)

	Broadband Internet And Common Carrier Service
		Carriers offering services only to a limited group of users have been held to be still common carriers for that limited group of users.
		Common carriage is the most compatible with the First Amendment because it removes both the government and private parties from content decisions.
		Contract carriers, on the other hand, are by definition bound to service obligations by contracts, and not by common law, as is generally the case with common carriers.
	home.ix.netcom.com /~technology_policy/BroadbandCommonCarrierService.html (1918 words)

	Common Carrier Tax Exemption Discouraged
		All common carriers are “Part 135" operators, but not all “Part 135" operators are common carriers.
		They are further advised that the common carrier requirements are extremely labor intensive and burdensome when compared to other allowable tax exemptions.
		The common carrier exemption requires taxpayers to provide documentation qualifying the aircraft, the pilots and the crew; as well as, providing flight plans, load manifests, charter invoices, weather briefings and other relevant documentation.
	www.astc.com /printView.cfm?doc=commoncarrier (750 words)

	Common Carrier Policy
		In its "Specialized Common Carrier" decision (1971) the commission found that "a general policy in favor of the entry of new carriers in the specialized communications field would serve the public interest, convenience, and necessity." Subsequently the FCC continued its policy of promoting competition.
		Common carriers will have to provide open access to non-affiliated programmers to two-thirds of the channels on a nondiscriminatory basis.
		Interexchange carriers with more than 5% market share (ATandT, MCI, Sprint) are also restrained from jointly marketing their long-distance and resold local exchange service purchased from the BOC until the BOC is authorized to offer in-region long distance service, or three years has passed, whichever is earlier.
	www.msu.edu /course/jrn/930/scripts/script4.htm (12495 words)

	Layover.com: Common Carrier / Dispatcher / No Trucks / Broker Authority / Load Boards
		If you have already received your contract carrier authority, the only thing left is to reapply for common carrier authority then you would have both authorities.
		The U.S. and state governments require you to have common carrier authority because you must file your cargo insurance, whereas contract carriers do not have to file their cargo insurance with the FMCSA.
		Both carriers must have cargo insurance, but only common carriers must file their cargo insurance.
	www.layover.com /owneroperator/rexpert/0805.html (940 words)

	Disney fights common carrier regulations in California (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Walt Disney Co. continues to fight against a contention that operators of amusement rides be considered common carriers and as such be held to the utmost standard of care when deciding liability for injuries suffered by riders.
		The family of Cristina Moreno, a Spanish tourist who visited Disneyland on her honeymoon in 2000 and later died of a brain hemorrhage allegedly suffered after riding the park's Indiana Jones Adventure attraction, has said in a claim that Disneyland should be subject to the state's common carrier law.
		A Los Angeles trial judge initially dismissed the Moreno family's claim, ruling that common carrier legislation had not been meant for amusement rides, but a state appeals court overturned that decision in 2003.
	www.amusementbusiness.com /amusementbusiness/industrynews/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1000874829 (367 words)

	Common Carrier - Search Results - MSN Encarta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Common Carrier - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Common Carrier, any person or agency publicly engaged in the business of transporting passengers or freight by land, water, or air.
		Wind is the most common pollen carrier for cross-pollination.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /Common_Carrier.html (130 words)

	Common Census - Carrier Information
		Common Census will free your Home Office from the conventional thinking that systems integration takes years, involves numerous studies and consultants and consumes vast IT and financial resources.
		All the way from an individual looking at her policy on the web to the broker servicing this individual at their office, the interface for your portfolio will be known to end users because while your products are unique, basic navigation and business process is standardized.
		Common Census® and its logo are trademarks of Common Census, Inc.
	www.commoncensus.com /carriers.asp (185 words)

	Ocean Common Carrier Practices
		During the past few weeks, the Commission has received information and allegations that ocean common carriers in the eastbound Transpacific trades have engaged in activities that may be inconsistent with their obligations as common carriers, and that may be in violation of certain section 10 prohibitions.
		Nevertheless, ocean common carriers operating in U.S. trades have an obligation to treat shippers in a fair and non-discriminatory manner in the acceptance, handling and carriage of cargo.
		If there is insufficient space for the amount of cargo tendered, carriers may not refuse to accept cargo or bookings because of the level of revenue to be achieved by the particular shipment.
	www.fmc.gov /Dockets/FF23.htm (856 words)

	Common Carrier
		Utility Telecom can investigate the cost effectiveness of using common carrier services as opposed to using your privately owned communication facilities and recommend the best overall solution.
		The Interexchange Carriers have completed very extensive installations of fiber across the United States (often in ring configurations) between their end offices.
		It is also susceptible to noise and induced voltages common in plant and electrical substation environments.
	www.utcg.com /common.htm (337 words)

	Definition of common - Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary
		knowledge> b : characterized by a lack of privilege or special status people> c : just satisfying accustomed criteria :
		implies usual everyday quality or frequency of occurrence common error> common honesty> and may additionally suggest inferiority or coarseness manners>.
		is likely to carry derogatory connotations (as of inferiority or coarseness) .
	www.m-w.com /cgi-bin/dictionary?book=Dictionary&va=common (362 words)

	Park Ride Operator May Be Sued as Common Carrier, S.C. Rules
		The operator of an amusement park ride may be classified as a “common carrier” subject to a heightened duty to protect patrons, the California Supreme Court said yesterday.
		2100 provides that a “carrier of persons for reward” is required to “use the utmost care and diligence for their safe carriage” and to “exercise to that end a reasonable degree of skill.” Sec.
		Later in the 19th century, he noted, the common carrier rules were applied to a hydraulic elevator in a store.
	www.metnews.com /articles/2005/gome061705.htm (689 words)

	Common Carrier Law
		There are two relevant laws: the Carriers Act 1830 and the Carriers Act Amendment Act 1865.
		An Act for the more effectual Protection of Mail Contractors, Stage Coach Proprietors, and other Common Carriers for Hire, against the Loss of or Injury to Parcels or Packages delivered to them for Conveyance or Custody, the Value and Contents of which shall not be declared to them by the Owners thereof.
		In the Carriers Act 1830, the term "lace" shall, with respect to any parcel or package delivered after the commencement of this Act, be construed as not including machine-made lace.
	www.davros.org /legal/carriers.html (421 words)

	Vessel Operating Common Carriers - Federal Maritime Commission
		An ocean common carrier is defined in the Shipping Act of 1984 as a vessel-operating common carrier ("VOCC").
		VOCCs are required to keep tariffs (a showing of its rates, charges, classifications, rules, and practices between all points or ports) open for public inspection (46 CFR Part 520).
		Ocean Common Carriers may enter into agreements under the Shipping Act of 1984.
	www.fmc.gov /home/VesselOperatingCommonCarriers.asp (97 words)

	Definition of Common Carrier
		An organization that provides access to a communication media, such as a telephone system or the Internet, is said to be a Common Carrier if it exercises no controls over the content of that media.
		If an organization acts as a Common Carrier, then that organization can reasonably expect to have no liability for the contents of that media.
		Otherwise, an organization that exercises even a very few controls over the content of a medium, such as an Internet connection, does not qualify as a Common Carrier, and may be liable for everything on that medium.
	mtechit.com /concepts/common_carrier.html (161 words)

	Lawsuit cash Advance - Personal Injuries In Common Carrier Accidents
		In addition the court will also examine whether the common carrier has made use of the required equipment as well as applied a reasonable degree of skill in order to prevent accidents from happening.
		Like standing in an aisle where a passenger may likely to be thrown out of the carrier.
		However there are stubborn passengers who just can't be told, and with this type of passengers if ever there really comes an accident involving them then the carrier will not be held responsible or may be subjected to only a half or partial liability.
	www.lawsuitcashadvance.com /resources/articles/personal_injury/personal_injury08.php (490 words)

	OnTheCommons.org \| Democracy & the "Common Carrier" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Both have stonewalled when approached directly, so the group is now trying to bring pressure to bear by way of investment funds that hold stock in these companies.
		One ideal in a democracy is that certain things should be “common carriers.” The telephone lines, the post office: with a very few exceptions, it is not the government's business what travels through these media.
		With similarly few exceptions, the internet too should be a common carrier.
	onthecommons.org /node/626 (362 words)

	Common Carrier Question \| NANOG \| users
		an ISP was treated as a common carrier, even if didn't want to be.
		an ISP was not treated as a common carrier, even if they wanted to.
		ISPs are _not_ common carriers, and have never been (in the US at
	www.gossamer-threads.com /lists/nanog/users/90693 (1587 words)

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