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Topic: Communication with submarines

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Submarine

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	Submarine
		Submarines are also used for marine and freshwater Science and for work at depths too great for human divers.
		Submarines designed for the purpose of attacking merchant ships or other warships are known as "fast attacks", "hunter-killers", "fast boats", or "fleet submarines".
		The submarine and her plane could then act as a reconnaisance unit ahead of the fleet, an essential role at a time when Radar still did not exist.
	www.ufaqs.com /wiki/en/su/Submarine.htm (6460 words)

	Sonar Room
		Visual observation, radio communication, and navigational updates all require running near the surface, where submarines are most vulnerable.
		Submarines can receive radio waves of very or extremely low frequency (VLF/ELF), which can penetrate seawater deeply; this one-way communication allows submarines to remain in constant contact with the outside world.
		Communications satellites have helped minimize the risk by greatly reducing the time spent at periscope depth to exchange data.
	americanhistory.si.edu /subs/operating/sonar (519 words)

	Communication with submarines - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Communication with submarines when they are submerged is a difficult technological task which requires specific techniques and devices.
		This is not sufficient, however, for nuclear-powered submarines.
		Apparently, both the American and the Russian Navy have placed sonic communication equipment in the seabed of areas frequently travelled by their submarines and connected it by submarine communications cables to their land stations.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Communication_with_submarines (955 words)

	Communication and Linguistics Portal @ Remarked.org (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Communication as a named and unified discipline has a history of contestation that goes back to the Socratic dialogues, in many ways making it the first and most contestatory of all early sciences and philosophies.
		Seeking to define "communication" as a static word or unified discipline may not be as important as understanding communication as a family of resemblances with a plurality of definitions as Ludwig Wittgenstein had put forth.
		This form of communication formed by a dyad and larger is sometimes referred to as the psychological model of communication where in a message is sent by a sender through channel to a receiver.
	www.remarked.org (3807 words)

	Communication system for submarines - Patent 5377165
		Submarines are provided with underwater self-propelled vehicles that are nched from the submarines and guided by trailing fiber optic cables.
		This '194 patent discloses a system for providing communication between a submarine and an underwater device by deploying an underwater vehicle which is guided toward the underwater device for making a connection with the underwater device.
		The optical window 56 at the apex of recess 52 may be shaped to complement the shape of the conical apex at the end 54 of forward hull portion 32.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5377165.html (2206 words)

	Submarine - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In case the submarine is damaged, the light hull can take most of the damage, which does not compromise the boat's integrity, as long as the strong hull is intact.
		Another reason for double-hull construction in the Soviet Union was operation under the Arctic Ocean, where submarines had to break thick ice to launch the missiles, which could damage the hull.
		The pressure hull is generally constructed of thick high-strength steel with a complex structure and high strength reserve, and is separated with watertight bulkheads into several compartments.
	www.knowledgehunter.info /wiki/Submarine (8987 words)

	Downlink (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Submarine Learning Facility (SLF) Norfolk recently opened the Submarine Force’s newest tactical trainer for use by the Fleet.
		Submarines and surface ships will be able to “link up” for exercises, allowing battle group training for Fleet Synthetic Training (FST) exercises, without leaving the pier.
		A preliminary version of the system was delivered to the Submarine Learning Facility at the same time new combat control and sonar systems were being delivered to two Norfolk based submarines.
	www.chinfo.navy.mil /NAVPALIB/CNO/N87/usw/issue_29/downlink.html (779 words)

	[No title]
		If a submarine is surfaced, or surfaces an antenna, it can use satellite communications, or classical HF, VHF or UHF communications, two way.
		Also, sub antennas are not as efficient as big ship antennas are, due to space limitations, satellite antennas being somewhat an exception to this problem.
		If a submarine is not on the surface and wants to listen only, it can trail a long wire, and get ELF or ULF signals underwater.
	www.strategypage.com /messageboards/messages/462-799.asp (291 words)

	BBC News \| SCI/TECH \| Shrimp, bubble and pop
		Snapping shrimps are the noisiest creatures in the shallow ocean, capable of drowning out submarine sonar by the "snap, crackle and pop" of bubbles generated by their claws.
		That is the verdict of researchers who have been studying how the tiny marine organisms make such a din.
		The shrimps use cavitation to stun their prey - small crabs, fish and worms - or to communicate with other shrimps.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/sci/tech/935855.stm (624 words)

	LORAN Links (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		This does not interfere with the signals intended purpose as a navigation beacon and using a LORAN pulse for communication has several strengths as a medium.
		LORAN is reliable; the transmission is secure, and the pulse can travel along the contours of the earth for great distances, thus providing excellent range with no line of site requirement.
		“Possible applications include secure one way communication with submarines, aircraft or remote ground forces.” Equipment for the purpose of LORAN communication (Loran-Comm) has been tested to have a range of over 800 m and a data transfer rate between 15 and 30 BPS.
	www.sinc.sunysb.edu /Class/cei511/fiore.htm (491 words)

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