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Topic: Communist Party of Indonesia

	Communist Party of Indonesia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Communist Party of Indonesia (in Indonesian: Partai Komunis Indonesia, PKI) was a communist party in Indonesia.
		The party was outlawed by the Dutch East Indies government in 1927.
		In September 1966 the remnants of the party politburo issued a statement of self-criticism, criticizing the previous cooperation with the Sukarno regime.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Communist_Party_of_Indonesia (2992 words)

	Indonesia: Three Series of Massacres excerpted from the book State Terrorism and the United States From ...
		The 'final solution" to the Communist problem in Indonesia was certainly one of the most barbaric acts of inhumanity in a century that has seen a great deal of it; it surely ranks as a war crime of the same type as those the Nazis perpetrated.
		In the instant case, the Indonesian army and its allies unleashed an organized campaign that killed the bulk of the Indonesian Communist Party and its sympathizers and sought to terrorize the remaining party members and sympathizers.
		The crushing of the communist party and its allies led to the assumption of power in 1966 by Suharto, the head of the army.
	www.thirdworldtraveler.com /Terrorism/Indonesia_STATUS.html (1905 words)

	Indonesia and the Great Slaughter
		Indonesia had around twelve political parties but the PKI was the largest of the political parties and the most disciplined, and its leaders expected their party to be on top in the next general election.
		Indonesia was the sixth most populous nation in the world and would have been a loss too great to accept for those concerned about the spread of Communism.
		Indonesia appeared to be a domino tottering and about to fall if something were not done to stop it, and the Johnson administration dismissed Sukarno as somebody they could rely on to prevent communism from winning in Indonesia.
	www.fsmitha.com /h2/ch26-indo2.htm (1823 words)

	Betrayal: a history of the Communist Party of Australia
		He declared that the tasks of the party must be a "struggle against the feudal lords and the compradors who are closely connected with capital" and their replacement by "a government of the people, of peoples democracy".
		Then the Chinese Communist Party, under the direction of Stalin and the Comintern submitted to the discipline of Chiang Kai-shek's bourgeois nationalist Kuomintang and paid the price for the failure to maintain the independence of the party with the lives of thousands of members and the virtual destruction of the party.
		The official subordination of the Communist Party to the bourgeois leadership and the official prohibition of the forming of Soviets (Bukharin and Stalin taught that the Kuomintang took the place of Soviets') was a grosser and more glaring betrayal of Marxism than all the deeds of the Mensheviks in the years of 1905-17.
	www.marxists.org /indonesia/indones/betrayal.htm (5836 words)

	self-criticism
		Party cadres who occupied certain positions in governmental and semi-governmental institutions in the centre and in the regions, created "the rank of bourgeoisified workers" and this constituted "the real channels for reformism".
		The Party leadership did not arouse the vigilance of the masses of Party members to the danger of the attacks by the reactionaries who were constantly on the look for the chance to strike.
		The Party must draw the attention of the members to the importance of investigation and study of social and economic conditions, in order to be able to define the tactics of struggle and the corresponding method of work.
	www.angelfire.com /ut/pki/selfcriticism.html (8349 words)

	Indonesia - An Unfinished Revolution
		The news of the annihilation of the Party was a terrible blow to the whole labour movement internationally.
		Having effectively been isolated from the Stalinist degeneration of the Communist movement (as a result of being in prison for the previous decade and a half), they were not at all happy with the idea of a bloc with Dutch colonialism.
		It was the youth of Indonesia who were the driving force behind the independence struggle, and it was their irrepressible zeal that led to the declaration of independence on August 17th, 1945.
	www.socialistworld.net /publications/Indonesia/Inch1a.html (5899 words)

	CNN - Indonesian capital tense in wake of riots - July 31, 1996
		Indonesia's military, which takes an active part in running the government, charges Megawati's supporters were joined by members of the Democratic People's Party (PRD), an umbrella group of workers, students and farmers.
		Indonesia's Communist Party was blamed for a bloody coup attempt in 1965.
		She was voted out as PDI leader last month by a rebel party members organized by the military, which apparently is afraid her support -- much of it from her father's admirers -- could challenge Suharto's authority.
	www.cnn.com /WORLD/9607/31/indonesia (337 words)

	Turbulent Indonesia, moderate Islam \| csmonitor.com
		The most savage example of this in Indonesia's history was the sikat (sweep), or military-ordered purge of communist supporters on which I reported in 1965 and '66.
		After an abortive communist coup and the midnight murder of the Army's high command, the Army swept across the country initiating and encouraging the elimination of PKI (Communist Party of Indonesia) members.
		Indonesia has been beset by a surge of Islamist radicalism and terrorism from militant groups such as Jemaah Islamiyah, responsible for the October 2002 nightclub bombing in Bali, among other attacks.
	www.csmonitor.com /2004/0414/p09s01-cojh.htm (749 words)

	BBC News \| SPECIAL REPORT \| Role of the army could prove crucial
		Relative to Indonesia's size, its armed forces are one of the smallest in the world, but the political influence they hold bears little relation to their numbers.
		Indonesia's first president was removed following an attempted coup in which the Communist Party of Indonesia, then one of the largest in Asia, was implicated.
		As Indonesia wrestles with a period of intense political and economic instability, the role of the military could still prove crucial.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/events/indonesia/special_report/62805.stm (320 words)

	Self-Criticism by the Indonesian Communist Party, 1966
		The Party's defeats and victories, its retreats and advances, its shrinking and growth, its development and consolidation, are all closely linked with whether or not the Party's political line correctly handles the questions of armed struggle and the united front.
		In Indonesia, under the rule of the military dictatorship of Right-wing army generals Suharto and Nasution and their accomplices, and with the help of international imperialism headed by the United States, neo-colonialism is now being built up.
		The Party leadership declared that the "two-aspect theory" was completely different from the "theory of structural reform"(8) of the leadership of the revisionist Italian Communist Party.
	www.massline.info /Indonesia/PKIscrit.htm (11913 words)

	JFK, Indonesia, CIA and Freeport Sulphur
		In 1798, authority over Indonesia was transferred to the Netherlands, which retained dominion over this fifth largest country in the world until 1941, at which time the Japanese moved in during the course of World War II.
		During the 1955 elections, the CIA had given a million dollars to the Masjumi party-an opposition party to both Sukarno's Nationalist party and the Communist party in Indonesia (called the PKI)-in an attempt to gain political control of the country.
		The victories of the Communists, infighting in the army, and the 1957 nationalization of former Dutch holdings, led to a situation of grave concern to American business interests, notably the oil and rubber industries.
	www.realhistoryarchives.com /collections/hidden/freeport-indonesia.htm (6885 words)

	Self-Criticism by the Indonesian Communist Party, 1966
		The Party leadership declared that the he "two-aspect theory" was completely different from the "theory of structural reform" (8) of the leadership of the revisionist Italian Communist Party.
		The Party must throw to the dust-bin the erroneous us "General Line of the Indonesian Revolution" and return to the correct conception of a revolutionary national united front based on the alliance of the workers and peasants under the leadership of the working class.
		In rebuilding the Party, the Indonesian Marxist- Leninists must devote their attention to the creation of the conditions to lead the armed agrarian revolution to the peasants that will become the main form of struggle to win victory for the people's democratic revolution in Indonesia.
	www.antenna.nl /wvi/eng/ic/pki/selfcrit.htm (8655 words)

	Pogroms in East Java 1965-66 - Indonesia Matters
		The province was held to be a stronghold of the Communist Party.
		This Action Command was comprised of the parties and their Mass Organizations: the Nahdatul Ulama [NU], the Catholic Party, the PSH [Partai Sarekat Islam Indonesia, Indonesian Islamic Union Party], Parkindo [Partai Keristen Indonesia, the Protestant Party], the IPKI [Ikatan Pendukung Kemerdekaan Indonesia, League of Upholders of Indonesian Independence, an army-affiliated party], and the PNI-Hardi.
		Aside from these parties, there is also the HMI [Islamic Student Organization of Indonesia], which has better organization, complete with “planning” [E] and has many exponent en [D: exponents] in the ranks of the Army (formerly Hizbullah) and the Navy.
	www.indonesiamatters.com /24/pogroms-in-east-java-1965-66 (1775 words)

	MSNBC
		Indonesia announces a temporary freeze on debt servicing but says it is not a moratorium as companies with the dollars can pay creditors.
		Indonesia says it will send top-level economic team for talks with the United States and IMF on how to resolve its crisis.
		Rioting and protests at the University of Indonesia continue as food and fuel prices surge because of measures imposed in cooperation with the IMF relief package.
	www.msnbc.com /news/wld/iframes/indonesia_hist.asp (782 words)

	Indonesian Civil War
		The Indonesian Civil War was a conflict in Indonesia from 1965 to 1966 between forces loyal to then-President Sukarno and the Communist Party of Indonesia (PKI) and forces loyal to a right-wing military faction led by to General Abdul Haris Nasution and Maj. Gen.
		This further exacerbated the split between the left-wing and right-wing military factions, with the left-wing faction and the Communist Party taking part in guerrilla raids on the border with Malaysia, while the right-wing faction largely absent from the conflict (whether by choice or orders of Sukarno is not clear).
		In addition to the Communist Party of Indonesia (PKI), this faction was also hostile toward Sukarno-loyalists, and the Chinese (both Indonesian Chinese as well as expatriates from the People's Republic of China).
	www.tagate.com /wars/page/indonesian.shtml (1485 words)

	The Indonesian Killings 1965-1966: Studies from Java and Bali
		One of history's biggest massacres ever took place in Indonesia in 1965/66, when around half a million people were killed in the suppression of the Communist Party of Indonesia (PKI).
		Many factors were involved, both locally and at a national level: among them the struggle between the political parties, religion, state power, army propaganda, and violence in traditional Indonesian/Javanese life (the myth of the "peaceful Indonesian" is a form of Orientalism).
		It concentrates on the movement of military forces and seems mostly concerned to prove that there was a widespread attempt (the G30S or "Gestapu 30th September" coup) by the PKI to seize power; again any mention of the killing of large numbers of people is omitted.
	dannyreviews.com /h/The_Indonesian_Killings.html (1013 words)

	The Economic Policies of Indonesia During the Suharto Era
		The typical citizen of Indonesia is still poor, the Indonesian state now has enormous as a result of the petroleum and timber industries.
		Sukarno through absurd economic policies had driven the Indonesian state to the brink of bankruptcy and the common people were suffering near-famine conditions.
		Given the collapse of the economy and the deteriorating state of Sukarno's health it was obvious that the political situation was unstable.
	www2.sjsu.edu /faculty/watkins/indonesia2.htm (458 words)

	China and Indonesia seal strategic pact
		JAKARTA The leaders of Indonesia and China signed agreements on Monday to establish a "strategic partnership" and open the way for more trade, investment and maritime cooperation.
		Indonesia, which has a long history of uneasy relations with China, is one of the most prominent members of ASEAN, a 10-member grouping that also includes Brunei, Cambodia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam.
		Indonesia said Chinese statistics put annual trade today at $14 billion, while Jakarta puts it at $9 billion.
	www.iht.com /articles/2005/04/25/news/indonesia.php (481 words)

	UCLA Library: Indonesia on Microforms
		Communist Party of Indonesia : P.K.I. documents and serials, 1952-1965 on microfiche.
		Collection of 332 titles published by the Communist Party of Indonesia (PKI, Partai Komunis Indonesia) and its peasant and labour organizations, covering the years 1952-1965.
		Documenting peasant revolts in Indonesia, in the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries, and modern nationalism in Indonesia.
	www.library.ucla.edu /libraries/yrl/colls/sea/micro/indonesiamicro.htm (527 words)

	MBEAW: Indonesia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Observations on the Javanese village madrasah," Indonesia 23 (4/77):129-56.
		"Sukarno’s populism contributed considerably to the destruction of the Communist Party of Indonesia (PKI)," Kabar Seberang 16 (12/85):93-99.
		The Road to Madiun: The Indonesian Communist Uprising of 1948 (Ithaca, 1989).
	www.mbeaw.org /resources/countries/indonesia.html (669 words)

	Guide Introduction: The Lyndon B. Johnson Security Files: Asia, 1963-1969 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Equally ominous as far as the United States was concerned, he drew closer to Communist China and to the Communist Party of Indonesia.
		Stirred to action by the threatened Communist takeover, senior army officers under the leadership of General Suharto mounted a countercoup, purged the government of Communists and Communist sympathizers, and then launched a systemic campaign to exterminate the Communists, eventually killing an estimated 100,000.
		The nearly four reels on Indonesia cover Sukarno's campaign against Malaysia and his tilt toward China, the U.S. response to the events of 1964-1965, and the coup and countercoup of 1965.
	www.lexisnexis.com /academic/guides/area_studies/nsf/lbjasia.asp (1296 words)

	CIN Asia: ComInterNet Listing of World Communist & Workers Parties
		Communist Party of the Russian Federation (CPRF) (Kommunisticheskaya partiya Rossiskoi Federatsii)
		Communist Party of Turkey (Türkiye Komünist Partisi) formerly The Party for Socialist Power (Sosyalist Ýktidar Partisi)
		The Communist Manifesto is the first expression of the modern working-class outlook.
	www.angelfire.com /la/cominternet/cinasia.html (227 words)

	THE SPEAKING TREE<br>Communist Search For Divinity-Editorial-OPINION-The Times of India (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		it was night â” dead of night â” in june 1956 when this author and his two comrades were ushered into the presence of d n aidit, the brilliant secretary general of the communist party of indonesia, at the partyâs central office in jakarta.
		he was then asiaâs third most important communist leader, next to mao and ho chi minh.
		ââhow could such a film be made?ââ asked the veteran jyoti basu, the former communist chief minister of west bengal.
	timesofindia.indiatimes.com /articleshow.asp?art_id=849260084 (851 words)

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