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Topic: Communist Party of Nepal (United)

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	Nepal Political Parties
		Following the humiliating defeat of party leader K.P. Bhattarai by the communist factions in the 1991 parliamentary elections, Girija Prasad (G.P.) Koirala was chosen by the Nepali Congress Party as leader of its Parliamentary Board.
		The Communist Party of Nepal (United Marxist-Leninist) faction--formed as a result of a merger between the Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist) and the Communist Party of Nepal (MarxistLeninist)--came in second to the Nepali Congress Party.
		The head of the communist leadership echelon was Madan Bhandari, son of a Brahman priest, who was working to turn his Communist Party of Nepal (United Marxist-Leninist) into a formidable political power.
	www.country-studies.com /nepal/political-parties.html (1424 words)

	AllRefer.com - Nepal - Introduction \| Nepalese Information Resource
		Nepal's longstanding history of continuity of rule and relative stability was challenged when the Movement for the Restoration of Democracy, or prodemocracy movement, was formally established on February 18, 1990, almost forty years after the end of Rana control.
		The Nepali Congress Party won 331 positions, or 56 percent of the seats, in the municipalities; the Communist Party of Nepal (United Marxist-Leninist) won 119 seats, or 20 percent of the seats; and other lesser parties won the remainder of the seats.
		Nepal's relationship with India is governed by the 1950 Treaty of Peace and Friendship and its accompanying letters, which established an informal military alliance whereby both countries are required to consult and "devise effective countermeasures" in case the security of either is threatened.
	reference.allrefer.com /country-guide-study/nepal/nepal4.html (4525 words)

	Nepal shows the way \| Praful Bidwai (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The impetus for the historic change Nepal is undergoing is attributable to the spirited popular anti-monarchy movement, which brought the despotic King to his knees in April.
		Nepal's social hierarchy is heavily dominated by the Kathmandu Valley's elite.
		India's Nepal policy in the past was marked by excessive conservatism and uncritical support for the monarchy on the false premise that it's the best guarantee of stability-which it patently isn't.
	www.tni.org /archives/bidwai/nepal2.htm (1339 words)

	Communist Party of Nepal (United Marxist) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Communist Party of Nepal (United Marxist) is a political party in Nepal, formed on September 15, 2005 through the merger of Communist Party of Nepal (United) and Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist).
		The party is a member of the United Left Front and contributed to the 2006 Loktantra Andolan.
		Bishnu Bahadur Manandhar (general secretary of CPN(United)) is the general secretary of the party and Prabhu Narayan Chaudhari (president of CPN(M)) is the president of the party.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Communist_Party_of_Nepal_(United_Marxist) (174 words)

	Task of Communist Party (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Now communist movements should declare itself "the vanguard" of all toiling and working mass that are living in subjugation and exploitation instead of confining itself as a "Vanguard of Proletariat" and movement should work out the plan to rally behind all the masses.
		Nepalese Communist Party (United) throughout its history has been constantly advocating for the formation of United left front on basis of common minimum program and on the strength of that left front to create a anti-imperialist and anti-feudalism coalition to govern the country at this present least developed stage of the country.
		We hope, this important seminar of communist parties will play a leading role in unifying and all anti-imperialist forces in their struggle against imperialism aggression and war for the betterment of the working class and toiling masses of the world.
	www.wpb.be /icm/2004/ICS2004/papers/Sci04_Nepal_NCP(U)_paper_EN.htm (1797 words)

	Three Cheers For Nepal's New Democracy By Praful Bidwai
		The Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) is now all set to participate in an interim all-party government, which will pave the way for the election of a constituent assembly (CA).
		This is likely to inaugurate Nepal's transition to a new political order based on radical democracy, which replaces monarchical rule, strips the king of privilege and property, and attempts to bring about a social transformation.
		Nepal's stability will come not from monarchical symbols, but from participatory democracy, which is responsive to the people.
	www.countercurrents.org /nepal-bidwai271106.htm (1074 words)

	Nepal - Elections
		The indirect participation of the political parties was a symbolic gesture toward national consensus and reconciliation; the chief protagonist was the moderate Nepali Congress Party leader, B.P. Koirala.
		The results of the elections, however, demonstrated that a coalition of various communist parties was a major political force in Nepalese politics, defying the international trend of dismantling communist parties and regimes.
		The poor showing of the Nepali Congress Party in the urban areas may also be attributed to the fact that, given that the communists had been banned for thirty years, the party did not see them as potential opposition and was overconfident.
	countrystudies.us /nepal/62.htm (1881 words)

	Nepal (10/06)
		Perched on the southern slopes of the Himalayan Mountains, the Kingdom of Nepal is as ethnically diverse as its terrain of fertile plains, broad valleys, and the highest mountain peaks in the world.
		Leftist parties united under a common banner of the United Left Front and joined forces with the Nepali Congress Party to launch strikes and demonstrations in the major cities of Nepal.
		According to the constitution, Nepal is a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary form of government that is multiethnic, multilingual, Hindu, and retains the king in the role of head of state.
	www.state.gov /r/pa/ei/bgn/5283.htm (5673 words)

	The Seattle Times: Nation & World: Nepal: on the road to disaster
		Nepal's king, claiming he was responding to the growing insurgency and the corruption of the democratic parties, seized absolute power this year in a coup, stamping out dissent with an army that has one of the worst human-rights records in the world.
		Nepal has 27 million people who are living in a volatile, fragile habitat where they can be lynched by vigilantes, abducted by the Maoists, made to "disappear" by government security forces and tortured or killed by any of the three.
		The conundrum for the United States, Britain and India — Nepal's main allies — is this: To support the increasingly autocratic King Gyanendra is hard to justify, especially in the era of President Bush's stated aim of spreading democracy.
	seattletimes.nwsource.com /html/nationworld/2002451450_nepal25.html (2045 words)

	Lessons from the history of the Nepalese Communist movement
		Nepal is not often mentioned in the western media, apart from the occasional report of an attack of the Maoist guerrillas or such events as the royal coup.
		Nepal was ruled by a king and in 1858 king Surendra bestowed on his prime minister the title of Rana (an old title denoting martial glory).
		Nepal was one of the least urbanized countries in the world, with only 6.3 percent of its total population residing in urban areas in 1981.
	www.marxist.com /Asia/nepal_communist_mov.html (6495 words)

	Continuing conflict in Nepal
		NEPAL is one of the poorest countries in the world with a per capita income of only around $210 a year.
		Nepal is a very young electoral democracy, emerging after a `People's Movement', in which all the main political parties were involved, successfully replaced King Birendra's rule with a multi-party political system in the early 1990s.
		The Communist Party of Nepal - Maoist (CPN-M) was declared a "terrorist organisation" at the end of April this year, even though the Maoists were formally implementing a ceasefire and negotiations with the government were on.
	www.frontlineonnet.com /fl2015/stories/20030801003311500.htm (1500 words)

	Nepal: Maoist Violence Amidst Political Confusion
		The Maoists have demonstrated their presence and operational capabilities virtually throughout the country, and the levels of violence that they have been able to sustain despite the Emergency indicate that the campaign of attrition that the state has launched against them is still to destroy or significantly erode their operational capabilities.
		Political parties operating within the system do not support the Maoist demands - the abolition of the monarchy; creation of a constituent assembly to frame a new constitution; formation of an interim government; and the holding of a round table conference to forge a solution to the current crisis.
		The democratic political parties of the country have come under substantial public criticism for their failure to agree on a common agenda, but their leaders argue that their divergent positions on these issues do not contradict or undermine their collective petition to the King, urging him to constitute an all-party government.
	www.globalterrorism101.com /MaoistViolenceinNepal.html (1137 words)

	The passing of a Communist veteran
		MANMOHAN ADHIKARI, one of the founders of the Communist Party in Nepal, died in Kathmandu on April 26.
		The death of the former Prime Minister and Chairman of the Communist Party of Nepal (United Marxist Leninist) came even as the country was preparing for general elections.
		He was elected general secretary at the first convention of the Nepal Communist Party in 1953 and was imprisoned for nine years after the first-ever popularly elected government in Nepal was dismissed in 1961 and a partyless panchayat system was introduced.
	www.hindu.com /fline/fl1610/16100480.htm (745 words)

	Nepal Urges Better Unity Among Parties, Maoists
		General Secretary of the Communist Party of Nepal (United Marxist Leninist), Madhav Kumar Nepal, on Sunday said the seven-party alliance and the Maoists must move ahead united reaching still better understanding among themselves.
		Nepal was addressing a function held to observe the Memorial Day of the late Pushpalal Shrestha, founder of the Communist party in Nepal.
		Mr Nepal however stressed the need for the political parties to come up with their respective stance on arms management, interim constitution, an alternative to the parliament and an election to a constituent assembly.
	www.nepalhumanrightsnews.com /news.asp?id=411 (357 words)

	Nepal Terrorist Groups - Maoist Insurgents
		The Communist Party of Nepal-Maoist (CPN-M), currently a proscribed outfit, was formed in 1995 following a split in the Communist Party of Nepal-Unity Centre.
		The apex military institution of the Maoists is the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoists), which was constituted in 1998.
		Besides, a left-wing extremist group, the Communist Party of India——Marxist-Leninist (CPI-ML) Janashakthi, which has a marginal presence at least in six Indian States, but is very active in isolated and limited number of pockets in Andhra Pradesh, expressed support to the Maoists.
	www.satp.org /satporgtp/countries/nepal/terroristoutfits/index.html (2686 words)

	Communist Party of Britain - for peace and socialism
		The Young Communist League is the youth wing of the Communist Party of Britain and member of the World Federation of Democratic Youth (WFDY).
		Moldova - Communist Party of the Republic of Moldova
		Britain's communists are proposing a left wing programme for consideration by the labour and progressive movements.
	www.communist-party.org.uk /index.php?file=links (452 words)

	Crisis Follows King’s Power Grab: Nepal: Two Futures, Two Roads \| rwor.org
		Other leaders of two of the main parliamentary parties, the Nepali Congress and the Communist Party of Nepal (United Marxist-Leninist), were detained in their homes or arrested—and security forces were stationed in front of government buildings, post offices, telecommunications centers and the state bank.
		Nepal’s national human rights commission also reported that the same night the army raided a student hostel and at least 250 students were detained.
		The situation continues to intensify in Nepal, with two futures posing themselves very sharply—on the one side, the brutal monarchy and a whole oppressive and corrupt system; and on the other side, the People’s War which is struggling to liberate Nepal from the grip of foreign domination and establish a new revolutionary government.
	rwor.org /a/1268/nepal-two-futures.htm (2604 words)

	Communist Party of Nepal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The Communist Party of Nepal was founded on 22 April 1949 by Pushpa Lal Shrestha.
		The party formed a minority government in December 1994, with Man Mohan Adhikari as Prime Minister, and was ousted from the government in August 1995.
		This is a variant of the flag of the Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist-Leninist).
	www.crwflags.com /fotw/flags/np}comm.html (1108 words)

	Rediff On The NeT: In Nepal's parliament women still occupy the fringe
		Acharya, Nepal's first woman deputy prime minister who also held the important water resources portfolio briefly early last year, was defeated for the first time in her constituency in Morang district on the Nepal-India border.
		Surprising as their defeats were, Nepal's largely illiterate voters elected a record number of women to the 205- member house of representatives, the policy-making lower house of Nepal's parliament.
		Among the important issues raised by Nepal's women's groups are demands for equal rights for women to parental property and the end to gender discrimination in the anti-abortion law that slaps 20-year prison terms on women who terminate a pregnancy but lets their male partners go free.
	www.rediff.com /news/1999/jun/08nepal.htm (630 words)

	The Tribune, Chandigarh, India - Main News
		The main opposition parties in Nepal, the Communist Party of Nepal (United Marxist-Leninist) and the National Democratic Party (Rashtriya Prajatantra Party) are divided in their opinion on the Koirala government.
		The 10-year-old Sadhbhavana Party founded by Mr Gajendra Narain Singh, member of the Rashtriya Panchayat during the panchayat regime, is not inclined to the idea of pressing the demand for Mr Koirala’s resignation.
		Party general secretary Rajendra Mahato told TNS the government’s failure to provide proper information to the public on the palace blood bath needed to be criticised.
	www.tribuneindia.com /2001/20010611/main4.htm (1363 words)

	Amnesty International Report 2002 - Asia and the Pacific - NEPAL (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Unlawful killings, ''disappearances'', torture and arbitrary arrest and detention by police and army were reported in the context of the ''people's war'' declared by the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) (CPN-Maoist) in 1996.
		In the early part of the year, there was major political instability, including a stand-off between the Nepal Congress (NC) government and the Communist Party of Nepal (United Marxist Leninist) (CPN-UML), the main parliamentary opposition, over allegations of corruption and the government's handling of the CPN-Maoist ''people's war''.
		Several members of mainstream political parties, particularly of the NC and the CPN-UML, were killed by the CPN-Maoist.
	web.amnesty.org /web/ar2002.nsf/asa/nepal!Open (1775 words)

	The Nepal Pact By Gary Leupp
		The Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) has in the last week signed a pact with the alliance of seven parliamentary parties that have united in opposition to King Gyanendra and his dictatorial regime.
		The seven parties, representing over 90% of the membership of the last parliament, include most importantly the Nepali Congress Party and the Communist Party of Nepal-United Marxist Leninist.
		The seven parties will wish to undertake the disarmament of the Maoists and RNA (which will now just be the "Nepali Army") as soon as possible, while reinstating parliament as their power base before a constituent assembly can be formed.
	www.countercurrents.org /nepal-leupp271105.htm (1234 words)

	RW ONLINE: New Thunder in Nepal
		In a press statement issued on August 27, Prachanda, Chairman of the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist), exposed the "cold-blooded killings of party members by the Royal Nepalese Army during the ceasefire period," and the government's refusal to seriously discuss the Maoists' main demands.
		By any objective standard, the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) abided by the "spirit and letter" of the ceasefire and the code of conduct both sides had agreed to--while the royal government repeatedly broke that agreement.
		Part of the complexity of the political scene in Nepal is that throughout the ceasefire and negotiations, the main parliamentary parties have been locked out of the official government and have been organizing ongoing campaigns against the royal government.
	rwor.org /a/1212/nepal.htm (2010 words)

	GORKHALI FORUM - Leninist party wants review of Nepal-India treaty (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		A senior leader of the party, Ishwar Pokhrel, said the 1950 agreement was signed between newly independent India and the last Rana prime minister of Nepal at a time there was no multiparty democracy in the kingdom.
		His party's support will be crucial for the survival of the government that till now consist only of the Nepali Congress (Democratic) party of Prime Minister Deuba.
		The Deuba government this month started off on a more optimistic note as the communist party said it was willing to join the cabinet and dissociated itself from ongoing anti-government protests in the capital.
	www.gorkhali.com /forum/showthread.php?t=69 (401 words)

	TIMEasia Magazine: "The current administration must be dismissed"
		Madhav Kumar Nepal, general secretary of the Communist Party of Nepal-United Marxist Leninist (CPN-UML), is the man most predict will be Prime Minister should the King restore parliament.
		Nepal: I told them, 'I don't think you will be in a position to sustain a regime even if you win the war.
		Nepal: The parties are always prepared to develop good relations with the palace and clear the distrust between us.
	www.time.com /time/asia/2004/nepal_king/nepal_intvu_madhav.html (1303 words)

	Asia Times Online - The best news coverage from South Asia
		In an official statement, the MEA spokesperson said that India holds the leadership of the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoists) responsible for these incidents in which a number of Indian nationals were shot and seriously wounded and several oil tankers were burnt and destroyed.
		Despite military assistance from India and the United States, a sharp increase in manpower, firepower, mobility, and to some extent, intelligence and tactically sound relocation of their garrisons and outposts complete with mines, wires and booby-traps, the RNA has not been able to tame the Maoists.
		New Delhi would not remain a silent spectator to a Maoist takeover of Nepal that is being feared more and more with the incompetence of the anti-Maoist forces on display in the past couple of years, and the seeming absence of any viable political party emerging out of the current batch.
	www.atimes.com /atimes/South_Asia/FD20Df05.html (1881 words)

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