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	COMMUNIST REFOUNDATION PARTY
		Communist Refoundation has the duty to find a strategic, programmatic and alternative answer to the crisis of capitalism and of a reformism that does not reform.
		The first duty of the communist opposition is to work on the reconstruction of the awareness and trust of the labor movement into their capability of obstruction and insurgence against the dominating politics.
		Instead it is necessary to regain and renovate a Gramscian concept of Party as an intellectual convention engaged in the class struggle for the leadership among the masses; a Party that orients its political culture, its organizational structure and its functions to the achievement of an anti-capitalistic project.
	home.igc.org /~itofi/amrpro/communist_project_founding_document.html (14457 words)

	Communist Refoundation Party - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Communist Refoundation Party (Italian: Partito della Rifondazione Comunista) is an Italian reformed communist party.
		It was formed in 1991 when the Italian Communist Party split in two: the Democratic Party of the Left, led by Achille Occhetto, and the Partito della Rifondazione Comunista, originally headed by Armando Cossutta.
		The Communist Refoundation Party is currently headed by Fausto Bertinotti (59,2% in last Congress), and it views itself as the party representing the anti-globalization movement in the Italian political scene.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Communist_Refoundation_Party_(Italy) (422 words)

	Communist Party Statistics Sources
		Its authority was particularly evident in relations with the Communist parties in Eastern Europe and with the smaller parties of Western Europe and the western hemisphere.
		The party's secretary-general from 1930 until 1964, Maurice Thorez, was briefly (1946-47) vice-premier of France; the party was led by Georges Marchais (1920-97) from 1972 to 1993.
		Communist parties in the western hemisphere, except for those of Cuba and Nicaragua, are generally small and sometimes illegal.
	www.adherents.com /largecom/communist_parties.html (3823 words)

	Agence Global - Article
		The Swedish Left Party is in disarray, while in Greece the relatively innovative Synaspismos is numerically overshadowed by the dogmatic and sectarian Greek Communist Party.
		The most successful parties on the European left are those that have immersed themselves in social movements, especially the movements for global social justice, while at the same time using electoral footholds to open up political institutions.
		As a result, left parties that have strong links with these movements are able to punch way beyond their electoral strength, making gains for political ideas that the movements and parties share.
	www.agenceglobal.com /article.asp?id=855 (1743 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		It is in the context of this structural, social and cultural crisis that the project of Communist Refoundation Party, begun in the early 90's and formulated during the 3rd National Congress of December, 1996 finds its logic and expression.
		Our communist identity is not founded primarily on an inheritance of ideals, but on a radical choice which is capable of relating to the contradictions and needs of the present, and of building an alternative project on this basis, elaborating new political and social structures.
		An integral part of this communist identity is the idea of a new Internationalism: an active relationship between the communists, anticapitalistic and anti-imperialist forces throughout the world, based on the search for an analysis and for common objectives rather than on an ideological affinity or on traditional diplomatic ritual.
	www.solidnet.org /cgi-bin/lpr?meetings/915=_the_communist_parties_under_the_current_conditions_22-24_05_1998_athens/946=party_of_the_communist_refoundating,italy/italy.doc (1261 words)

	ZNet \| Activism \| A New Left Turn For Europe
		The party was one of the organisers of the first congress of a new political animal: the European Left party (ELP).
		Absent were orthodox and nationalist communist parties, notably the communist parties of Portugal and Greece.
		A sign of this in Athens was a mellow Alain Krivine, leader of the Trotskyist Ligue Communiste and historically an arch-antagonist of the French Communist party, and also leaders of the left of the Socialist party who had broken with the party line to support the no campaign.
	www.zmag.org /content/print_article.cfm?itemID=9101§ionID=1 (869 words)

	Achille Occhetto - (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		He served as the secretary-general of the Italian Communist Party (PCI) between 1988 and 1994 (which became the Democratic Party of the Left halfway through his term in 1991, also known as the PDS, and is now the main part of the Left-Wing Democrats).
		He served as secretary of the youth communist movement from 1963 to 1966 and, subsequently, as regional secretary of the Italian Communist Party in Sicily, distinguishing himself for his war against any kind of mafia.
		During his secretarship, the party witnessed the collapse of both the Berlin wall and the communist regime in the Soviet Union.
	psychcentral.com /psypsych/Achille_Occhetto (399 words)

	ipedia.com: Italian Communist Party Article
		The Partito Comunista Italiano (PCI) or Italian Communist Party emerged as Partito Comunista d'Italia or Communist Party of Italy from a secession by the Leninist comunisti puri tendency from the Italian Socialist Party (PSI) during that body's congress on 21 January 1921 at Livorno.
		At the time the PCI was the biggest Communist Party in a democratic state, obtaining a score of 34,4% in the 1976 general elections.
		In 1998 the PDS, with several smaller parties, the Laburisti (liberal socialists), the Cristiano Sociali (christian socialists), the Comunisti Unitari (right-wing split of the PRC), the Sinistra Repubblicana (left republicans) and the Riformatori per l'Europa (social democratic syndicalists), co-founded the "Democratici di Sinistra" (DS) or Democrats of the Left party.
	www.ipedia.com /italian_communist_party.html (418 words)

	Someplace Somewhere - Italy goes red, red, red! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		Communist Refoundation was born in 1991, IIRC, when the PCI (Italian Communist Party) became DS (Democratic Left).
		Communist Refoundation immediately abandoned the governing coalition, but a few of them decided to stay in the coalition by forming the Italian Communists party.
		Maybe, H_K, you missed when Fausto Bertinotti (this guy, leader of the Communist Refoundation Party, quite an interesting person, IMHO, by the way) recently stated that the abolition of private property is still among his party's objectives, albeit a very long term one.
	www.someplacesomewhere.com /topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=25284 (1244 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Italian Communist Party
		The Italian Communist Party (Partito Comunista Italiano, PCI) emerged as Partito Comunista d'Italia or Communist Party of Italy from a secession by the Leninist comunisti puri tendency from the Italian Socialist Party (PSI) during that body's congress on 21 January 1921 at Livorno.
		He refused to "excommunicate" the Chinese communists, and directly told Leonid Brezhnev that the invasion of Czechoslovakia by the Warsaw Pact countries (which he termed the "tragedy in Prague") had made clear the considerable differences within the Communist movement on fundamental questions such as national sovereignty, socialist democracy, and the freedom of culture.
		The collapse of the communist governments in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe had convinced Occhetto that the era of eurocommunism was over, and he transformed the PCI into a progressive left-wing party, the PDS.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Italian_Communist_Party (1231 words)

	Italy (01/07)
		The Union coalition includes the Democratic Party of the Left, the Daisy Party, Udeur, Rose in the Fist (made up by Italian Social Democrats and Italian Radical Party), Communist Refoundation, the Italian Communist Party, the Greens and the Union of Democrats for Europe.
		This emerging bipolarity represents a major break from the fragmented, multi-party political landscape of the postwar era, although it appears to have reached a plateau, since efforts via referendums to further curtail the influence of small parties were defeated in 1999 and 2000.
		The largest bloc in the Chamber of Deputies is the Olive Tree (31.3%), a grouping of the Democrats of the Left and the Daisy Party within the Union coalition; Forza Italia (23.7%); the National Alliance (12.3%); the Union of Christian and Center Democrats (6.8%); and the Communist Refoundation Party (5.8%).
	www.state.gov /r/pa/ei/bgn/4033.htm (4202 words)

	CIN Europe: ComInterNet Listing of World Communist & Workers Parties
		Communist Party in Denmark (Kommunistisk Parti i Danmark (KPiD)
		Marxist-Leninist Communist Party of Greece (Marxistiko-Leninistiko Kommounistiko Komma Elladas, M-L KKE)
		Norges Kommunistiske Parti (NKP) (Communist Party of Norway)
	www.angelfire.com /la/cominternet/cineurope.html (435 words)

	BELLACIAO - 6th CONGRESS OF THE ITALIAN COMMUNIST REFOUNDATION PARTY : The Alternative of Society - European Left
		During the last three years, Communist Refoundation has gained a central role in politics, in the movements and in the Italian society, broadly winning the challenge of its political survival and strategic ‘necessity’.
		Its overall political project has been appreciated: that is the strategic choice of being a part of the movement, its policy of opening to both political and social oppositions in general, and the construction of an alternative left, innovation of politics and subjects of politics, innovation of culture and practical theory of the workers’ movement.
		Communist Refoundation is a fundamental partner in this project and is among its main actors.
	www.bellaciao.org /en/art_el.php?id_article=5364 (5168 words)

	Communist Party of Britain - for peace and socialism
		The Communist Party of Greece (KKE) is a mass militant party which has played a leading role in the anti-war movement in that country.
		The Communist Party of Turkey emerged from decades of illegality and internal division to contest national elections in November 2002, withstanding official pressure and violent attacks from the extreme right which left one comrade shot dead and others wounded.
		Most of the parties present identified the deeply reactionary nature of all these developments and reiterated their commitment to mass activity, national and popular sovereignty and to international working-class and communist solidarity to combat them.
	www.communist-party.org.uk /index.php?file=newsTemplate&story=43 (1051 words)

	Italian prime minister resigns after rejection of his '98 budget plan
		The extreme-left Communist Refoundation Party said it could not accept Prodi's plan because of proposed changes to pension and health benefits.
		Prodi, a former economics professor, was forced to resign because he had relied on votes from Communist Refoundation in the Chamber of Deputies, the lower house of parliament, to attain a parliamentary majority.
		When the Refoundation lawmakers withdrew their support over the budgetary differences, he did not have the mandate to continue governing.
	www.chron.com /content/chronicle/world/97/10/10/italy-poltix.2-0.html (563 words)

	International politics of communist refoundation party of Italy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		It is an useful text to illustrate the communist point of view on capitalist mondialization and the new phase thereby opened.
		With this latter political initiative we simply tried a different approach to the relations between communist and revolutionary forces by concentrating on the world problems and leaving out national and diplomatic matters which traditionally used to be the political relations basis.
		It is one of our peculiarities we will not use as a yardstick to make arbitrary selections but neither we want to give up and consider all communist parties as privileged partners apart from their innovation capacities and ability to deal with our age problems.
	www.rifondazione.it /pg/internazionale/doc/doce/polint0797eng.html (4419 words)

	l'ernesto
		Six years after the 1998 split, Communist Refoundation Party has come in the center of the Italian political scene and today it is considered as a decisive force for the shift in political stability of the Country.
		A Communist Party able to organize struggles, promote conflicts, develop movements, firmly rooted in the society and occupation world, culturally autonomous from the dominant ideologies is necessary: in the last analysis, a Party allowing the prospect of capitalism exceeding.
		The Party runs the risk of becoming more and more an opinion party attentive to the image, an electoral and propagandistic machinery, and less and less an organized party involved in the struggles and with deep roots of militancy in the territory and in the places of social conflicts.
	www.lernesto.it /index.aspx?m=53&did=124 (8966 words)

	TNI Asia Europe Relations
		The only possible response is not reformism, but rather a radical refoundation of politics as a worldwide process and thus a reconstruction of the agency of change: a redefinition of the working class.
		The left political parties, communist or otherwise, must stop thinking in terms of theoretical ideological supremacy and vanguardism and realise that this is an "ex-catedra" that nobody is willing to accept any longer.
		In the organization of the counter-summit events, Communist Refoundation Party has chosen to be just one of the subjects together with hundreds of others (environmentalists, women, unions, youth social centres, religious grass roots organizations, fair trade activists, cultural associations, etc.).
	www.tni.org /asem-hanoi/consolonewpolitics.htm (2090 words)

	Communist Party of Britain - for peace and socialism
		The Young Communist League is the youth wing of the Communist Party of Britain and member of the World Federation of Democratic Youth (WFDY).
		Moldova - Communist Party of the Republic of Moldova
		Britain's communists are proposing a left wing programme for consideration by the labour and progressive movements.
	www.communist-party.org.uk /index.php?file=links (476 words)

	World Briefs II (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		Italy's small but powerful Communist Refoundation Party made advances in local elections on Sunday, consolidating its position of influence over the government of Prime Minister Romano Prodi.
		Conservative opposition parties ran strongly in Milan and Turin, the largest of more than 1,000 cities and towns that elected mayors and councils.
		Communist Refoundation has stated it will oppose any cuts.
	www-tech.mit.edu /Issue/V117/N22/fbriefs2.22w.html (490 words)

	The Guardian (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		The Communist Refoundation Party vote increased both in percentage and in absolute numbers — from five percent achieved in 2001 to 5.8 percent in the Chamber of Deputies (from 1,867,712 votes to 2,229,604) and from 5.1 to 7.4 percent in the Senate.
		This is the largest representation of Communists in the Italian Parliament since the 1991 dissolution of the old Italian Communist Party.
		The new system favours coalitions, parties belonging to a coalition must get more than two percent of the vote to be represented in parliament.
	www.cpa.org.au /garchve06/1270italy.html (482 words)

	Communist Refoundation: Italian Stalinism's new "experiment" with electoral opportunism
		In a move that the Communist Refoundation Party (Partito Comunista Rifondazione - PRC) leadership is calling “a new experiment,” it has backed the Olive Tree candidates in the 12 recently completed races for provincial presidencies, with a view toward a coordinated campaign to replace the “House of Freedoms” national government in 2006.
		However, that the party is once again attempting to promote illusions in the centre-left bloc is worthy of a closer analysis.
		While the centre-right had controlled the province since 1998, the addition of the PRC and Italy of Values”; made it possible to win a majority in 21 of 22 precincts, including those wealthy areas in which the “left” had failed to win a majority in the entire history of the republic.
	www.wsws.org /articles/2003/jun2003/ital-j21_prn.shtml (1098 words)

	CNN - Italian government could fall on Albanian aid vote - Apr. 9, 1997
		The Communist Refoundation party has repeatedly refused to back the force, which is designed to protect aid to the chaos-wracked country.
		Prodi said he would meet with Scalfaro if "the dissent of Communist Refoundation remains." After the speech, a leader of the party, Armando Cossutta, said the Communists would not budge.
		The Communists, who give Prodi the majority edge he needs in the Chamber, fear soldiers' lives would be at risk because of anti-Italian sentiment in Albania fed by the sinking of an Albanian refugee ship last month in a confrontation with an Italian navy vessel.
	cnnstudentnews.cnn.com /WORLD/9704/09/italy.albania (476 words)

	Catholic Answers Forums - Rally organizer tied to Marxist party
		Socialists and Communists are usually fairly accepting of foreigners and immigration.
		I sincerely doubt those that voted the Italian Communist Refoundation Party (Recieved 7-8% of the votes for the lower house, and roughly 5% for the upper house in Italy's elections yesterday) vote for the party that praises a murderer (Which, might I add, they do not).
		Though, yes, America, two parties which recieve practically all the votes, both of which are economically open (Again, I'm not saying I support the alternative, far from it), I wouldn't expect you to have first hand experience with Socialists or Communists, and of course, the history of "Communist Horror Stories".
	forums.catholic.com /showthread.php?t=107720&goto=newpost (3110 words)

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