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Topic: Communist insurgents

	The Institute of World Politics > News & Publication > Fighting from the Forest for Freedom
		Laar claims that an overwhelming majority of the anti-Communist insurgents were children of petty landholding peasants—for instance, the legendary commander Ants Kaljurand, known as “Ants the Terrible.” Women also fought alongside the insurgents, especially during the latter part of the struggle.
		Communist terror was answered with counter-terror aimed at local secret police agents and their collaborators.
		The last of the insurgents, the legendary August Saabe of the County of Voruuma was attacked by the KGB in 1978.
	www.iwp.edu /news/newsID.192/news_detail.asp (1479 words)

	Nepalese insurgents vow to fight on - Boston.com
		For Nepal's communist insurgents, the protests against King Gyanendra are over, but the war is not.
		But with their rebel allies dismissing the king's move as a ploy, and warning the opposition parties their acceptance of it was a betrayal, it was clear the Himalayan nation's political crisis was far from over.
		Still, their communist vision -- such as abolishing private property -- resonates deeply in Nepal, where per capita income is $25 a month and many toil as farmers for feudal landlords.
	www.boston.com /news/world/asia/articles/2006/04/26/nepalese_insurgents_vow_to_fight_on (921 words)

	The Manila Times Internet Edition \| METRO > NPAs kill 3 soldiers in Cebu (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		ZAMBOANGA CITY: Three soldiers and an undetermined number of communist insurgents were killed in separate clashes in southern and central Philippines, officials said.
		In Cebu communist insurgents swooped down on an Army detachment late Saturday near the hinterland village of Sumon, Tuburan, and killed three soldiers, the police said.
		Communist insurgents vowed to intensify attacks on military and police targets after the government suspended safety and immunity guarantee for its negotiators following the collapse of the peace talks.
	www.manilatimes.net /national/2005/oct/17/yehey/metro/20051017met3.html (385 words)

	TruthNews (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Nepal's communist insurgents have declared a unilateral three-month cease-fire.
		The move comes a day before parliament is to be reinstated, raising hopes that the communists and government can work together to end a 10-year-old civil conflict.
		Communist leaders say they will refrain from carrying out attacks on Nepalese forces, because they want to give the country a chance at peace.
	www.truthnews.net /daily/2006040232.htm (288 words)

	Thailand Insurgency - Flags, Maps, Economy, History, Climate, Natural Resources, Current Issues, International ...
		Their ranks had been increased by an influx of youthful, idealistic supporters who turned to the insurgents as a result of the 1976 military coup and the conservative policies of the Thanin Kraivichien government that followed it.
		Communist militants were able to exploit the discontent that grew steadily during the 1960s and 1970s in those remote regions.
		Of this number, approximately 65 to 70 were thought to be in the North, 85 to 115 in the Northeast, 260 to 350 in the South, and 55 to 60 in the Center (see fig.
	www.photius.com /countries/thailand/national_security/thailand_national_security_insurgency.html (2132 words)

	Marek Chodakiewicz (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		In time, the number of collaborators with the Communists exceeded the number of insurgents, as the people were afraid of the Communists because the latter liberally applied the rule of collective responsibility.
		Even before the Soviets destroyed the RVL and other insurgent organizations, the Forest Brothers had changed the tactics of their struggle.
		The last large battles fought by the insurgents occurred in 1956.
	criterion.uchicago.edu /issues/i3/chodakiewicz.html (1463 words)

	Nepalese Insurgents Vow to Fight On - CBS News
		Nothing short of a communist state, he insisted.
		Still, their communist vision _ such as abolishing private property _ resonates deeply in Nepal, where per capita income is $25 a month and many toil as farmers for feudal landlords.
		For the implacable insurgents, however, the king's deal was no victory.
	www.cbsnews.com /stories/2006/04/26/ap/world/mainD8H7S3SG1.shtml (919 words)

	Communist insurgents attack mining company - INQ7.net (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		COMMUNIST rebels attacked a mining company in the southern Philippines destroying equipment after the company refused to pay "revolutionary taxes" to the insurgents, the military said Friday.
		The New People's Army (NPA) insurgents raided the Heritage Resources Development Corp. in the town of Banaybanay, some 1,000 kilometers (620 miles) southeast of Manila on Tuesday, burning a generator, a compressor and a jackhammer and stealing workers' cell phones and a guard's pistol.
		The NPA is the 8,000-member armed wing of the Communist Party of the Philippines and has been leading a 37-year-old Maoist insurgency.
	news.inq7.net /breaking/index.php?index=2&story_id=73988 (301 words)

	COMMUNIST INSURGENTS WERE POISED TO SUPPORT COUP - MILITARY
		Major Bartolome Baccaro said in a radio interview that infiltration was part of an alliance between communist insurgents and military rebels that prompted Arroyo to declare a state of emergency last week.
		Interviewed on the same radio show, NPA spokesman Gregorio Rosal denied that there was an alliance between the military rebels and the communist insurgents, saying that "the alliance of the military and the communists...
		He said the communists had not abandoned their principle of conducting a Maoist "protracted people's war," and had not embraced the idea of seizing power through a coup.
	www.newsflash.org /2004/02/hl/hl103805.htm (753 words)

	Global Politician (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The supposedly democratically elected government was highly ineffective to fight the insurgents because the elected politicians including the prime ministers were extremely corrupt.
		Insurgents were about to take control of the whole country including the capital.
		Had he chosen the first track and given up the power to the insurgents and leave the country and the people at the mercy of terrorists, then definitely the insurgents would have killed millions of innocent Nepalese people including the corrupt politicians.
	globalpolitician.com /articledes.asp?ID=1114&cid=6&sid=80 (1031 words)

	Trinketization: Public Private Knowledge: The Last Communist
		This image that I take to be a plastic diarama efigy of a Malaya Communist Party cadre from the 1940s is from a film I have been reading about with interest as a controversy rages over its banning in Malaysia.
		What I mean by the comment that the communist struggle is present but not present in Malaysia is illustrated in the ongoing fools attempt to censor and silence on the part of the UMNO government, but also in curious public presence-absences.
		The combination of communist insurgency and the international climate of anti-colonial pro-Independence negotiations meant the British played their old divide and rule routine even in the run up to an inevitable independence.
	hutnyk.blogspot.com /2006/05/public-private-knowledge-last.html (852 words)

	Nepal's communist rebels call for strike - Boston.com
		Nepal's communist insurgents called for an indefinite nationwide strike next month, while the country's authoritarian king appealed to opposition political parties for reconciliation on Sunday.
		The strike was to start April 3 and was to follow about three weeks of blockades of roads to the capital, Katmandu, and other main cities and towns, a statement by rebel leaders Prachanda and Baburam Bhattarai said Saturday.
		In the past, the rebels have used violence to enforce blockades and strikes, but in a recent deal with the seven major political parties they promised not to harm civilians in their pursuit of a communist state.
	www.boston.com /news/world/asia/articles/2006/02/18/nepals_communist_rebels_call_for_strike (540 words)

	Commentary Magazine - The New Freedom Fighters (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Up to now, insurgencies in Communist countries were always swiftly suppressed; the march to Communist totalitarianism appeared irreversible.
		Now for the first time, as a checklist of world guerrilla movements shows, anti-Communist insurgents are managing to sustain protracted wars against Soviet-backed governments with an astonishing degree of success.
		...Insurgents operating out of Nicaragua's mountainous northern provinces are said to MAGCCIE GALLAGHER and CHARLES BORK are free-lance journalists who have written about Afghanistan for the New Republic and the Wall Street Journal...
	www.commentarymagazine.com /Summaries/V80I3P60-1.htm (2505 words)

	Keys to American Involvement in the Vietnam War
		Communist Chinese entrance into the war on the North Korean side in 1951 further convinced the U.S. that this was monolithic international communism on the march directed by the Soviets and assisted by the Chinese.
		By all measures communist advance had been effectively halted by containment and the Truman Doctrine and it was felt that these policies would be effective wherever the free world was tested by communist aggression.
		In the overall context of the Cold War, including the fact that China had gone communist by 1949, France was able to convince the U.S. that Vietminh resistance to colonial rule was communist inspired and part of the overall Soviet and Chinese master plan for communism to rule the world.
	www.11thcavnam.com /education/containment&doctrine.htm (1358 words)

	People’s movement advances against Nepal’s monarchy [S&L Magazine]
		The attacks, launched by the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist), known as the CPN(M), came less than one day after the People’s Liberation Army, an army which is led by that party, called off a four-month-old unilateral ceasefire in the unstable kingdom.
		The reason that the parliamentary parties have come out in opposition to the monarchy and formed a tactical alliance with the communist insurgents is the strength of the insurgency itself.
		In areas under the control of the communists, people’s committees have formed, which are either nominated or elected, and oversee the administration of the regions.
	socialismandliberation.org /mag/index.php?aid=561 (2447 words)

	The U.S. Army Professional Writing Collection
		Thus the communists were left depending upon a minority of a minority to accomplish the revolution.
		Most important, it was the Diem regime, and not the insurgents, that drew its strength from a distinct minority of the population, the Vietnamese Catholics, while the communists took special care not to alienate the Buddhist majority.
		If the insurgents continue to strike at will, and if the Sunni community persists in its active and tacit support of the insurgency, the Shiite and Kurdish majority may cease to tolerate a situation in which their alternatives are enduring torment and terror indefinitely or submitting to domination by a detested minority.
	www.army.mil /professionalwriting/volumes/volume4/june_2006/6_06_2.html (6021 words)

	The Communist Insurgency and Military-Initiated Liberalisation
		The military’s failure to suppress the communist insurgency is one of several important factors which contributed to the military-initiated liberalisation which brought a relatively long period of parliamentary rule in the 1980s.
		The military believed that the communist insurgents were merely bandits, without an organisation, and could be easily dealt with by the police force.
		Intensification of the insurgency in response to the sweeping suppression of liberal and leftist movements during the twelve months of Thanin’s rule became a major concern to the military.
	epress.anu.edu.au /mdap/mobile_devices/ch03s05.html (672 words)

	Marek Jan Chodakiewicz: The Dialectics of Pain. Part II.
		Accordingly, Communist military political commissars publicly preached that during the Warsaw ghetto uprising the following forces fought against the Jewish insurgents: “the German air force, the SS, and tanks as well as Polish hooligans, Polish reactionaries and, actually, the AK.”[41] Therefore, “the criminals of the AK and NSZ work hand in glove with the Hitlerites.
		And they should be treated just like the Hitlerite murderers.”[42] A Communist pundit editorialized that “during the [Nazi] occupation the NSZ formed an auxiliary formation of the SS and Gestapo.”[43] “Put on trial the AK and NSZ murderers, Hitler’s helpers!” screamed the official posters in unison.
		In other words, the Communist policemen, prosecutors, lawyers, and judges involved in the cases pursued and tried on the basis of the August Decree were not interested in recreating the crimes, describing their details, identifying the victims, and finding the perpetrators.
	www.projectinposterum.org /docs/chodakiewicz2.htm (4887 words)

	ABC News: Nepalese Insurgents Vow to Fight On
		Nepalese Insurgents Vow to Fight On Nepal's Communist Insurgents Vow to Press on With Their Fight to Topple the King
		Nearly three weeks of unrest may have brought the rebels within days, if not hours, of seeing the king forced from power a goal perhaps now delayed, but one the insurgents insist will be accomplished, if not peacefully, then through violence.
		Still, their communist vision such as abolishing private property resonates deeply in Nepal, where per capita income is $25 a month and many toil as farmers for feudal landlords.
	abcnews.go.com /International/wireStory?id=1893050 (446 words)

	Philippines
		In February a Communist labor leader who years previously had broken away from the Party was shot and killed on the campus of the University of the Philippines in Quezon City.
		The National Democratic Front (the political arm of the Communist Party) has attempted to use these hostages as a bargaining tool in negotiations with the Government, and the NPA reportedly has told the Government that communications regarding the hostages should be with the Communist Party's self-exiled leadership in the Netherlands.
		In January the self-exiled leader of the Communist Party demanded that the Government free all political prisoners, and in return offered to begin negotiations for the release of an AFP officer and a PNP inspector kidnaped by the NPA in July and October 1999, respectively (see Section 1.b.).
	www.state.gov /g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2001/eap/8371.htm (15704 words)

	Preventing the Maoist Overthrow of Nepal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		On January 29, 2003, communist insurgents and the government of Nepal announced a cease-fire in the bloody civil war that has killed more than 4,000 people since 1996.
		The conflict began in 1996 when the Communist Party of Nepal launched a "war of liberation" that spread to more than 50 of Nepal's 75 districts by the time of the cease-fire.
		Chitra K. Tiwari, an expert on Nepal, suspects that retired Gurkhas are training the communist insurgents, some because of family connections and others because of dissatisfaction with government policies.
	www.heritage.org /Research/AsiaandthePacific/em862.cfm (1017 words)

	Scouts to the Rescue
		Named after famed Rhodesian hunter and bushman, Frederick C. Selous, the Scouts were a mixed-race unit formed by the Rhodesian government in 1973 in response to the civil war being waged by communist insurgents.
		They were responsible for over 68 percent of all insurgents killed within Rhodesia during the civil war and thousands more hiding out in border states.
		They generally lived a tough, hand-to-mouth existence and were acutely aware that while they were putting their lives on the line every day, their leaders were often living in lush accommodations, far removed from any danger, traveling in high diplomatic circles and pilfering the money and supplies intended for them.
	www.military.com /NewContent/0,13190,Defensewatch_091703_Scouts,00.html (1061 words)

	Library of Congress / Federal Research Division / Country Studies / Area Handbook Series/ Vietnam / Glossary
		Vietnamese communist term (used originally in China to mean purchasing agent) applied disparagingly to the middleman who extracts a profit without engaging in economic production, that is, a "comprador capitalist." The term is also applied to an entrepreneur in Cholon, Ho Chi Minh City's predominantly Chinese sister city.
		Contraction of the term Viet Nam Cong San (Vietnamese communists), the name applied by the governments of the United States and South Vietnam to the communist insurgents in rebellion against the latter government, beginning around 1957.
		The Vietnamese communists never used the term themselves, but referred to their movement as the National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam (also known as the National Liberation Front), formally inaugurated in December 1960.
	lcweb2.loc.gov /frd/cs/vietnam/vn_glos.html (2226 words)

	Nepal Terrorist Groups - Maoist Insurgents
		The Communist Party of Nepal-Maoist (CPN-M), currently a proscribed outfit, was formed in 1995 following a split in the Communist Party of Nepal-Unity Centre.
		Besides, a left-wing extremist group, the Communist Party of India——Marxist-Leninist (CPI-ML) Janashakthi, which has a marginal presence at least in six Indian States, but is very active in isolated and limited number of pockets in Andhra Pradesh, expressed support to the Maoists.
		It is a co-signatory, along with 41 other left-wing extremist groups ranging from South America to South East Asia, to resolution that ‘condemned and opposed the malpractice of the fascist state of Nepal’ and demanded ‘life security’ for imprisoned Maoist cadres, leaders and sympathisers.
	www.satp.org /satporgtp/countries/nepal/terroristoutfits/index.html (2686 words)

	USPACOM Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Aside from the communist insurgency problem, Cruz said that all other internal security threats, including those coming from terrorist groups like the Abu Sayyaf and the regional terror network Jemaah Islamiyah, would have to be addressed by then.
		The military estimates that most of the 8,000 to 8,500 communist fighters are operating in this southern Luzon province and nearby regions.
		Cruz said under the CUP the defense department will invest heavily in professionalizing the AFP rank and file and equipping their foot soldiers to fight the communist insurgents, as the AFP shifts its priority to addressing internal security threats instead of investing in territorial defense.
	www.pacom.mil /articles/articles2005/050520story2.shtml (577 words)

	Early Covert Actions on Ho Chi Minh trail, by Ken Conboy and James Morrison
		Throughout the First Indochina War (1946-54), Communist insurgents in northern Vietnam wrestled with the challenge of shuttling supplies from the People's Republic of China to their comrades on southern battlefields.
		After a brief respite during the mid-1950s, traffic began building on these trails once again in the spring of 1959, as Communist authorities in North Vietnam sought to stoke the simmering VC insurgency in the South.
		While that was happening, the administration of U.S. President John F. Kennedy was fuming at the Communist power play in Laos, especially since the land-grab along the eastern corridor had come immediately prior to a scheduled cease-fire.
	ngothelinh.tripod.com /EarlyCovertActions.html (4170 words)

	TIME.com: Spreading the Word -- Sep. 7, 1959 -- Page 1
		Now and then a rifle crack broke the stillness of the hills, but the Communist insurgents were finding the simpler weapons of rumor, exaggeration and bluff sufficient to keep their campaign going.
		It was these northern areas, occupied by the Communists until 1957, that the insurgents seemed most determined to conquer.
		In Samneua—the province in greatest danger of Communist takeover, where an 800-square-mile area is now controlled by Communist rebels—a surrounded paratroop company could not be reinforced by troops waiting to jump in and help; they had no parachutes at hand.
	www.time.com /time/archive/preview/0,10987,825888,00.html (675 words)

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