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Topic: Community ecology

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	Community ecology - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Community ecology is the study of the distribution, abundance, demography, and interactions between populations of coexisting species.
		It is part of the division of ecology known as synecology that studies the organization of ecosystems specifically at the level of the biotic community (or biocoenosis).
		Community ecology focuses on relationships between species, including the study of food webs, energy flow, and nutrient flow.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Community_ecology (216 words)

	Institute for Social Ecology - Social Ecology and Community Development
		Therefore, a primary task in the process of community development is the recreation of local community, and a key component in that task is the identification of humanly scaled boundaries and the reclamation of a sense of place, be it rural village, small town, or urban neighborhood.
		Social ecology suggests that such confederations might form a “commune of communes,” a commonwealth which could extend from the local to the regional to the continental level and beyond, to result in an ultimate unity through diversity.
		Several community land trusts were created to remove particular lots from the real estate market forever, and to guarantee their continued use as a community resource.
	www.social-ecology.org /article.php?story=20031125144547551 (4198 words)

	Ecology (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
		Contemporary ecology consists of a patchwork of sub-disciplines including population ecology, community ecology, conservation ecology, ecosystem ecology, metapopulation ecology, metacommunity ecology, spatial ecology, landscape ecology, physiological ecology, evolutionary ecology, functional ecology, and behavioral ecology.
		Community ecology consists of models of interacting species, forming an ecological “community,” in which each species is treated as a unit.
		In the type of population ecology that was discussed earlier (in Section 2), populations were characterized by their state variables, parameters such as size or density describing the population as a whole and—with two exceptions—ignoring individual differences.
	plato.stanford.edu /entries/ecology (10902 words)

	Communities and Succession
		Although Clements’ work continued to be enormously influential, its stress on deterministic climax communities drew increasing criticism from ecologists in the 1930s, especially from those who were interested in adding the study of animals to ecology.
		Overall, we expect to see essentially the same recorded variation in all communities, since this is a function of both inherent stability and the constancy of the environment.
		Diversity of grasses decreased in the species-rich community.
	ecology.botany.ufl.edu /ecologyf02/Communities.html (3242 words)

	resume
		The systematic study of communities is an amazingly diverse and fascinating branch of ecology, but it is not an easy subject to study.
		The boundaries of community ecology are fuzzy, its language is flexible and dynamic, and its practice is not often standardized.
		Community ecology theory as a framework for biological invasions.
	www.csuchico.edu /~sacperch/community_ecology.htm (2243 words)

	Community Ecology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		A community is defined as an association of interacting populations, usually defined by the nature of their associations or the habitat they use.
		Ecotones are characterized by a mix of species from both communities, or by species that are unique to the ecotone e.g.
		Another group proposed that communities were merely chance assemblages of different species with similar environmental preferences; what was recognized as a community was often a change in the dominance of one species to another.
	www.colorado.edu /epob/epob3020bowman/021.htm (932 words)

	Community Ecology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Ecological community = all the populations that inhabit a given area; also...a collection of populations in a given area that potentially interact with each other
		A series of replacements of community members at a given location until a final stable state is reached.
		There may be transient shift in composition of plant and animal life in a climax community.
	www.bio.utk.edu /cox/community_ecology.htm (193 words)

	College Biology: Community Ecology and Ecosystem (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Community is an assemblage of species living close enough together for potential interaction.
		Grouping of communities according to similarities in overall form without regard to the actual species is the basis for the biomes.
		Community stability is the ability of the community to bounce back to its original composition in the wake of some disturbance such as a fire or a disease that kills most individuals of a dominant species.
	www.biology24.com /college-biology/community-ecology-and-ecosystem.html (797 words)

	Palaeos Ecology : Ecology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Ecology is a multidisciplinary study, incorporating all the biological disciplines: botany, zoology, microbiology, marine biology, physiology, genetics, morphology, etc, and even non-biological fields like meteorology, geology, chemistry, and physics
		The ecosystem is the largest unit in the study of ecology.
		Edward Haskell, a proponent of Unified Science, in the long-out-of-print Full Circle, The Moral Force of Unified Science, suggests a moral imperative that is inherent in the structure and dynamics of every evolutionary stage of the universe.
	www.palaeos.com /Ecology/default.htm (703 words)

	CHAPTER 53 COMMUNITY ECOLOGY
		A community with a certain species richness with equal relative abundance of each species would have a greater diversity than a second community with the same species richness with a few common species and many rare ones.
		Among the pioneers of community ecology, there were two divergent views on why certain combinations of species are found together as members of a community: the individualistic hypothesis and the interactive hypothesis.
		Determining the effects of interspecific factors on species diversity and structure in communities is an important goal in ecological research, as is determining the relative significance of environmental patchiness in community structure.
	www.nmc.edu /~koverbaugh/bio115/chap53.htm (5251 words)

	Community Ecology
		Dominant species are those in a community that have the highest abundance or highest biomass (the sum weight of all individuals in a population).
		We usually think that disturbances have a negative impact on communities, but in many cases they are necessary for community development and survival.
		Community biodiversity measures the number of species and their relative abundance.
	www3.baylor.edu /~Mark_Taylor/1306Communityecology.htm (1043 words)

	Population & Community Ecology
		Population and community ecologists study the ecology of individual populations and the interactions of species within natural communities.
		Population and community ecology; dispersal; marine biogeography; biostatistics.
		Evolutionary ecology and population biology; ecology and behavior of coral reef fishes.
	www.lifesci.ucsb.edu /eemb/research/population/population.html (197 words)

	I. COMMUNITY ECOLOGY
		Ecology is rooted in nature study which often consisted of a simple observation.
		Communities may be divided into those that require only sunlight for their energy, and those that require a continual supply of organic material for energy.
		Communities can be as large as the entire earth or as small as the inside of a leaf.
	www.bioweb.uncc.edu /Faculty/Menhinick/Ecology/I_COMMUNITY_ECOLOGY.htm (2024 words)

	Ecology
		As a discipline ecology is quite broad in scope, covering a wide variety of topics which can be courses on their own.
		Prior to each of these labs, you will be assigned homework involving the map at the back of your lab book to be done before we go out in the field (more details later).
		Ecology as a science and an ecological perspective
	www.lcsc.edu /mjbrady/ecology.htm (1085 words)

	Marine Community Ecology - Sinauer Associates, Inc. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Marine Community Ecology was written to give advanced undergraduate and graduate students a current overview of what is known about the structure and organization of the assemblages of organisms that live on the sea floor.
		The middle part examines the ecology of specific marine benthic community types, ranging from rocky shores and soft substrate habitats to seagrass beds and coral reefs.
		It is suitable as a text for advanced marine ecology courses and seminars, as well as a general reference for students and researchers.
	www.sinauer.com /detail.php?id=0574 (614 words)

	Biology 10 - Community Ecology
		A community is defined as an assemblage of populations of different species found in the same location.
		Define the concept of keystone predator and be able to explain their role in the community (Focus on the Sea otter example from lecture).
		Community Ecology - A compact outline of the field of community ecology
	instruct.westvalley.edu /svensson/08Commecol.html (460 words)

	Ecology home page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Population and community dynamics; plant community structure; population modeling; scaling from individuals to ecosystems; application of statistics and computer models to ecosystem management.
		Marine ecology: scale-dependent regulation of subtidal kelp forests, recruitment processes in marine macroalgae (with emphasis on the role of dormant stages), impacts of large disturbances (El Niño-Southern Oscillations).
		Marine invertebrate conservation ecology: relationship between habitat structure and faunal survival and abundance; effects of habitat fragmentation on fauna in marine systems; crustacean ecology; larval dispersal and recruitment; seagrass community ecology; kelp forest ecology.
	www.bio.sdsu.edu /ecology/faculty.html (319 words)

	Winemiller Community Ecology
		This interdisciplinary study incorporates aspects of GIS, hydrogeology, herpetology, riparian vegetation ecology, and stream ecology to explore the issue of juniper management in headwater tributaries of the Pedernales River of central Texas.
		The structure of local stream fish assemblages is ultimately determined by factors representing multiple scales, with the relative importance of each depending on the biological unit employed (species or functional groups).
		In tropical floodplain rivers, communities associated with structurally complex habitats are disassembled and reassembled as aquatic organisms repeatedly colonize new areas in response to gradual but continuous changes in water level.
	wfscnet.tamu.edu /winemiller/lab/Winemiller_Community_ecology.htm (2872 words)

	Community Ecology - -
		Ecology of spiders (biochemistry and ecology of spider venom, macroecology of spiders, European spider identification key).
		Kuhn-Nentwig L, Schaller J, Nentwig W (2004) Biochemistry, toxicology and ecology of the venom of the spider Cupiennius salei (Ctenidae).
		Nentwig W (1985) Feeding ecology of the tropical spitting spider Scytodes longipes (Araneae, Scytodidae).
	zoology.unibe.ch /nentwig (2260 words)

	Plant Biology, Population and Community Ecology at Harvard Forest
		Physiological processes in turn constrain population dynamics of individual species that lead to the intraspecific and interspecific interactions found in the complex communities that are studied by Harvard Forest researchers.
		A major challenge for evolutionary ecology is the integration of organismal biology with ecosystem dynamics.
		We directly address this challenge through collaborative research involving physiologists, population and community ecologists, evolutionary geneticists, and ecosystem scientists.
	harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu /research/ecology.html (128 words)

	intro to community ecology
		A community consists of all the organisms inhabiting a particular area; an assemblage of populations of different species living close enough together for potential interaction.
		Among the pioneers of community ecology, there were two divergent views on why certain combinations of species are found together as members of a community.
		H.A. Gleason depicted a community as a chance assemblage of species found in an area because they have similar environmental requirements; the individualistic hypothesis.
	io.uwinnipeg.ca /~simmons/ysesp/comeco1.htm (233 words)

	Community ecology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Since communities consist of many species they all have various interactions going on at the same time
		Communities are assemblages of many different species occupying the same geographical area
		Communities are not static, they gradually change over time because the environment changes and species themselves tend to also change their habitats
	arnica.csustan.edu /biol1010/com_ecology/community_ecology.htm (1094 words)

	Community Ecology Group at the Centre for Population Biology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Community Ecology Group at the Centre for Population Biology
		Our group uses quantitative food webs and manipulative experiments to understand how ecological communities are structured.
		We are particularly interested in indirect interactions as potential structuring forces in communities.
	www.cpb.bio.ic.ac.uk /communityecology/communityecology.html (355 words)

	Chapter 53: Community Ecology
		Disturbance and stability: disturbance and stability need to be recognized as relative terms with regard to different communities and ecosystems.
		primary succession: the development of a community in an area previously devoid of one.
		facilitation: community development produces the conditions necessary for latter successional species to colonize.
	stripe.colorado.edu /~didomeni/Chapter41.htm (264 words)

	VIMS Community Ecology Lab
		The Community Ecology Laboratory at the College of William and Mary’s Virginia Institute of Marine Science is run by Rochelle Seitz and focuses on field benthic ecology with a concentration in soft-sediment estuarine and coastal benthic dynamics.
		In the Community Ecology Laboratory, we aim to address the important factors influencing benthic community structure and, in turn, the effects that the benthic community has on upper trophic levels.
		The cause of spatial and temporal variation in benthic community structure and abundance has been the focus of much recent ecological work.
	www.vims.edu /bio/community (244 words)

	Institute of Urban Ecology
		The Institute of Urban Ecology is about nature in the city.
		We take a holistic approach that involves direct action to improve natural habitat and indirect, educationally oriented actions directed at changing social values whereby we are more likely to care about and enhance natural ecosystems.
		Since 1996 we have planted over 40,000 trees, shrubs and flowers with the participation of over 5,000 community members.
	www.douglas.bc.ca /community/urban-ecology.html (285 words)

	Community Ecology of the New England Landscape (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		A diverse array of communities will be visited and within each, we will study the impact of topography, substrate, and disturbance history on plant community development and composition.
		PLANT COMMUNITIES INVENTORY PROJECT: in groups students will inventory a parcel of land that is a minimum of 10 acres in size and has at least three distinct plant communities.
		Students will map the communities and present their findings through a class presentation not to exceed 30 minutes.
	faculty.antiochne.edu /EPfac/PPalmiotto/communityecology (1835 words)

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