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Topic: Comparison of Logo to Pascal

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	The Logo language and the Logo style
		Logo is different from the other two in that its mathematics is meant to appeal to young kids, while both APL and ISETL present a more conventional, adult mathematics.
		One difference between a Logo microworld and an ordinary piece of educational software is that in the Logo version, the program itself is available for inspection and modification, not a fl box.
		Logo is in the lead in some cases (robotics, with Lego-Logo), hustling to catch up in others (MIDI support recently added to Object Logo), and not really in the running for some (real-time animation, unless you have a massively parallel computer on which to run *Logo).
	www.cs.berkeley.edu /~bh/elogo.html (3903 words)

	Logo Tutorial
		Logo was developed in the late 1960s at Bolt Beranek and Newman, Inc., in Cambridge, MA by W. Feurzeig, D. Bobrow and S. Papert.
		The Logo in use at Brown is Berkeley Logo.
		Logo tries to ``evaluate'' words as it reads them because some words are the names of procedures.
	www.cs.brown.edu /courses/bridge/1997/Resources/LogoTutorial.html (3012 words)

	blaise pascal - pascal
		Initially, Pascal was a language intended to teach students structured programming, and generations of students have "cut their teeth" on Pascal convert turbo pascal to delphi as an introductory language in undergraduate courses.
		The pascal hens ISO 7185 was stated to be a clarification of Wirth's 1974 language as detailed by the User Manual and Report [Jensen and Wirth], but was also notable for adding "Conformant Array Parameters" as a level 1 to the standard, level 0 being Pascal without Conformant Arrays.
		Free Pascal pascal language is written in Pascal (so that it compiles itself), and is aimed at providing a convenient and powerful compiler, able both to compile legacy applications and to be the means of develop new ones.
	www.infotechloco.com /Inf-Programming-M---Q/Pascal.html (2012 words)

	Pascal Understands C (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Since we can’t force authors to use Pascal, and since we really don’t want to translate every piece of C code that we publish, our reply has always been “You should be reading the articles to learn the programming concepts, and it shouldn’t matter what language we use in the listings.
		The pascal keyword is used with function declarations, and is used for allowing C code to call Pascal code, and vice versa.
		One of the differences between C and Pascal function calling is that C pushes function arguments onto the stack from right to left, and Pascal pushes function arguments from left to right.
	www.mactech.com /articles/mactech/Vol.09/09.12/PascalUnderstandsC (3992 words)

	HyperTalk, Pascal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The following Pascal examples show the declaration of several different types of variables followed by three assignment statements where mathematical expressions are evaluated and variables are given a value.
		The Pascal “writeln” command is exactly the same as the “write” command, shown above, except it places a “carriage return” character at the end of the line.
		Therefore, the equivalent of most Pascal graphics commands are implemented in HyperTalk by selecting a particular graphics tool using the “choose” command and then simulating the dragging of the mouse across the screen using the “drag” command.
	www.mactech.com /articles/mactech/Vol.04/04.09/HyperTalk,Pascal (3741 words)

	Logo Update V4N2
		In the distant past, someone referred to Logo as having "no threshold and no ceiling." It is accessible to young children and to novices of all ages while still being useful for sophisticated explorations and projects.
		It is no wonder that Logo is often on the fringes of educational technology, and that it appeals mostly to people who want to make fundamental changes in school.
		Logo itself does this to some extent, but Snobol and Icon are the classic examples of this approach in text processing.
	el.media.mit.edu /logo-foundation/pubs/logoupdate/v4n2.html (5591 words)

	Sequence Logos: A New Way to Display Consensus Sequences
		To create this logo, both the sequences and their complements were used, so the resulting logo shows dyad symmetry about the central base.
		The logos clearly show the difference between the pattern present in the phage genome and the pattern required by the T7 RNA polymerase alone.
		Figure 3: Logo for sequences at T7 RNA polymerase binding sites in the bacteriophage T7 genome (upper logo) and logo for the pattern that is required for T7 RNA polymerase alone to function (lower logo).
	www.lecb.ncifcrf.gov /~toms/paper/logopaper/paper/paper.html (2060 words)

	Computer Science Logo Style vol 3 ch 4: Programming Language Design
		That's because Logo follows the rules of dynamic scope: A free reference to a variable is directed to the variables of the procedure that invoked the current one, then if necessary to the variables of the procedure that invoked that one, and so on up to the global variables.
		Pascal's convention is that somewhere in the block an assignment statement must be executed that has the name of the function as its left hand side.
		Our final Pascal program example, showing the use of call by reference, is a version of the partition sort from Chapter 3 that uses the technique of exchanging two array members when appropriate to divide the array into two partitions "in place" (without requiring the allocation of extra arrays to hold the partitions).
	www.cs.berkeley.edu /~bh/v3ch4/langd.html (12376 words)

	Softpanorama University Pascal page
		There is something wrong with C as non-system programming language and while Pascal may not be an answer it does demonstrate the limitations of C for general purpose programming and first of all low productivity: TP programmers are approximately twice as productive as their C counterparts.
		It is not a comparison of Pascal with C or Ratfor.
		The material has been donated by various PASCAL programmers from around the world, who desire to contribute to the advancement of one of the greatest programming languages there is. SWAG packets are available in 57 different categories covering every aspect of the PASCAL language, and all free.
	www.softpanorama.org /Lang/pascal.shtml (3057 words)

	LOGO (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Logo is said to have "no threshold and no ceiling" because it is easy to learn but is extensible, i.e., new language elements can be built from primitives and previously defined procedures in a never ending cycle.
		Whenever the Logo interpreter encounters a word that is neither quoted nor dotted, it assumes the word is either a primitive, a procedure, or a function.
		Logo does not require the advance declaration of data structures; therefore, there is no syntax for declaring a record as there is in Pascal, for example.
	faculty.frostburg.edu /cosc/htracy/cosc450/LM4LOGO/Logo.htm (9535 words)

	IBM PC Programming
		Prospero Pascal was (and I believe still is) the only Pascal compiler that passes the Pascal Validation Suite developed by the British Standards Institute.
		Unfortunately, we could never convert our Pascal programs to Turbo Pascal because TP was (to use a phrase common in the fortran world) too much of an extended subset of Standard Pascal.
		Turbo Pascal didn't support some basic Pascal syntax, and the early versions created only COM format executables using the tiny memory model in which all of the code and data was confined to the same 64 K segment.
	williambader.com /museum/at/pascal.html (1590 words)

	Power Learning C++, Simulations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		In 1982, Papert's Logo Laboratory at MIT completed a computer language called Logo, which ran on the Apple II computer [Papert, 1980].
		The language used by Pattis to control Karel's movements is very similar to the Pascal programming language.
		My Beaver robot, in comparison, is not used as a "simulation" in the same way as the others.
	privacy.cs.cmu.edu /cplus/simworld.html (513 words)

	Language Comparison - Guessing Game
		This is a guessing game written in several different languages as a comparison.
		You guess a number between 1 and 100 and your score is saved to a high score list.
		Logo was developed in 1967 at MIT, and is used as an educational language that can instruct a turtle to draw graphics.
	www.brendangregg.com /guessinggame.html (476 words)

	Pascal Newsletter #37 - Free ezine for Delphi (and Kylix) programmers
		The compiler does that for us in the Object Pascal code, but we have to do it by ourselves if we call string returning functions from assembler code.
		It is designed to work with TSDBGrid (also included) although you can use it with any TCustomDBGrid descendant.
		The Logo Creator is a fun and easy to use software program made up of logo templates that you can modify and customize.
	www.latiumsoftware.com /en/pascal/0037.php (3238 words)

	Palm: Software Development - Alternatives to C
		High Speed Pascal: Pascal compiler targetting the Palm.
		High speed Pascal shares its name (but not much code!) with an earlier commercial product which was available for Amiga and Atari machines in the 90s.
		By comparison, CASL v3.1 took around 3.20 seconds and HotPaw Basic v1.2.4 b4 took 2.23 seconds.
	goanna.cs.rmit.edu.au /~winikoff/palm/dev.html (7117 words)

	Pascal programming (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		We know this is Free Pascal but still want to ask questions about Turbo Pascal
		Searching an external file in pascal and writing some info to screen
		Using M4 as a macro processor for Pascal
	community.freepascal.org:10000 /bboards/forum?forum_id=24082 (1359 words)

	C#: A language alternative or just J--?, Part 1
		In addition to C#, the immensely talented Hejlsberg created the revolutionary languages Turbo Pascal and Delphi while at Borland, but also the counterrevolutionary Visual J++ while at Microsoft.
		C# and Java address many of the same problems with C and C++.
		Or is C# a technology that gives Windows developers the functionality of Java, could possibly compete directly with Java, and is useful in its own right?
	www.javaworld.com /javaworld/jw-11-2000/jw-1122-csharp1.html (1867 words)

	CvsGui
		Araxis Merge is a very powerful commercial diff and merge program for Windows.
		Beyond Compare from Scooter Software is a commercial advanced file and folder comparison utility which also allows visual comparison of binaries (in hex view) and images via plugins.
		ProxyDiff is a small Open Source tool that lets you use multiple external Diff tools from within WinCvs based on file extension.
	www.wincvs.org (716 words)

	Commodore.ca \| Gallery \| Brochures \| VIC-20, Coleco Adam & Atari 800XL Comparison (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Atari 1020 Prlnter/Plotter, Atari 1025 Printer, or Atari 1027 Letter quality Printer.
		Atari Microsoft BASIC, Atari Microsoft BASIC 11, Assembly Language, Atari Pilot Atari Logo, Pascal and Forth available on request.
		Built In SMART BASIC, computable with Applesoft BASICcompatibility.
	www.commodore.ca /gallery/brochures/vic-20_comparison/vic-20_atari_adam.htm (323 words)

	thefreecountry.com: Free Programmers' Resources, Free Webmasters' Resources, Free Security Resources
		Welcome to thefreecountry.com's collection of free programming resources, free webmasters' resources and free security resources.
		Comprehensive list of compilers for numerous programming languages (Ada, Algol, APL, Assemblers, BASIC, C, C++, C#, COBOL, D, Delphi, Forth, Fortran, Java, LISP, LOGO, Modula-2, Modula-3, Pascal, Prolog, Perl, Python, Smalltalk, Compiler Construction Tools, Programming Language Grammars, etc) Full List...
		Run multiple OSes simultaneously, run a Mac OS on a PC (and vice versa), etc (eg, Free PC / x86 Emulators and Virtual Machines, Free 68k and PowerPC Macintosh Emulators etc) Full List...
	www.thefreecountry.com (1262 words)

	Serious Cybernetics
		Add spammers to the badmailfrom list Perl script (qmail utility)
		AvDoor Pascal online software development toolkit for DOS
		Generate domain statistics from web server logs Perl script
	www.sericyb.com.au (440 words)

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