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Topic: Compound modifier

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chemical compound

organic compound

List of compounds

compound eye

compound linguistics

aromatic compound

compound noun and adjective

inorganic compounds

English compounds

organometallic compounds

polyhedral compound

tetrahedral carbonyl addition compound

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	Grammatical modifier - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In grammar, a modifier or qualifier is a word that modifies another word, a phrase, or a clause.
		Neither modifiers nor modifier phrases are usually required by a clause's syntax; they are optional, and help modify or limit the extent of the meaning of the word or phrase they modify.
		The adjective "green" in "a green tree" modifies and thus limits the meaning of the noun "a tree" in that it cannot be "a deciduous tree in winter", as the adverb "kindly" modifies the past tense of the verb "let" in "she kindly let me borrow her scissors".
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Grammatical_modifier (356 words)

	U.S. Patent: 5021173 - Friction modified oleaginous concentrates of improved stability - June 4, 1991
		Disclosed as suitable friction modifiers are fatty acid derivatives comprising esters such as triglycerides or monoesters from polyols esters such as glycol monooleate and pentaerythritol monooleate amides such as oleamide or amides made from polyamines or alkanolamines; and hereterocycles made by condensing compounds such as aminoquanidine with carboxylic acids to form triazoles.
		The present invention relates to oleaginous compositions comprising (A) ashless dispersants, (B) friction modifiers comprising glycol ester and/or hydroxyamide derivatives of certain polycarboxylic acids, and (C) oil-soluble copper antioxidant compounds, wherein the composition is substantially free of boron.
		These ester friction modifier additives are generally derived from the esterification of a polycarboxylic acid with a di- or trihydric alcohol (e.g., glycol, glycerol, oxa-alkane diols).
	www.everypatent.com /comp/pat5021173.html (11584 words)

	Oligomeric oxolanyl alkanes as modifiers for polymerization of dienes using lithium-based initiators - Patent 4429091
		While the modifiers of structural formula I are linear oligomers and the modifiers represented by structural formula II are cyclic oligomers, hereinafter the term oxolanyl modifiers is contemplated to encompass the modifiers of both structural formulas.
		Typically the modifiers are prepared by reacting furan, which is unsubstituted in either or both of the 2- or 5-positions, with either an aldehyde or a ketone, such as acetone, in the presence of an acid such as hydrochloric acid.
		These modifier compounds represent a few of the dimer compounds represented by structural formula I and other linear and cyclic oligomer modifiers are apparent from their structural formulas.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4429091.html (3152 words)

	Esperanto - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Compounds with -um- are overtly arbitrary, and must be learned individually, as -um- has no defined meaning.
		One example of this is Riism, which is one among several propositions to modify the language in a non-sexist manner.
		Esperanto is written with a modified version of the Latin alphabet, including six letters with diacritics: ĉ, ĝ, ĥ, ĵ, ŝ and ŭ (that is, c, g, h, j, s circumflex, and u breve).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Esperanto (3852 words)

	Questions on Hyphens
		The punctuation convention is to hyphenate compound modifiers whenever they appear in phrases in which the relationship among the words might be ambiguous or confusing.
		You are noticing hyphens in compound modifiers and are mistaking them for hyphens in numbers.
		When a compound modifier stands before a noun, it is hyp henated to eliminate ambiguity.
	www.ncsu.edu /ncsu/grammar/Hyphen3.html (1755 words)

	U.S. Patent: 5332793 - Ethylene/propylene copolymer rubbers - July 26, 1994
		The modifier has the formula BX.sub.3 or AlR.sub.(3-a) X.sub.a wherein each R is independently alkyl having 1 to 14 carbon atoms; each X is independently chlorine, bromine, or iodine; and a is 1 or 2.
		The modifier is usually dissolved in an organic solvent such as isopentane and impregnated into the support following impregnation of the precursor, after which the supported catalyst precursor is dried.
		Thus, during the course of the polymerization, the bed comprises formed polymer particles, growing polymer particles, and catalyst particles fluidized by polymerizable and modifying gaseous components introduced at a flow rate or velocity sufficient to cause the particles to separate and act as a fluid.
	www.everypatent.com /comp/pat5332793.html (5835 words)

	Essay Info :: style guide : hyphen
		If you can insert and between the modifying words before a noun and make sense of the new construction, you do not have a compound adjective: And would make sense in a sunny, warm day; sunny, warm is not a compound modifier.
		Leave out hyphens in compound modifiers only when no reader confusion would result from their omission - or if the modifying words are commonly considered as a unit: post office box, high school classes.
		Do not hyphenate most compound modifiers if they occur after the noun being modified, even if hyphenating them before the noun: The plan was well prepared.
	essayinfo.com /sguides/hyphen.php (623 words)

	[No title]
		When that compound is used as an adjective it is called a compound modifier Examples of that are law-abiding citizen and radically new idea.
		The compound modifier in that case is the phrase “openly gay”.
		By using that modifier, and by getting the press to use it repeatedly, the lobby did two things: one, it got the public’s mind away from what Robinson and his partner actually do; and, two, it implied that his only sin was being “open”, being honest, being transparent, about his sexuality.
	www.episcopalchurchesofcentralflorida.com /Aachome.html (1644 words)

	[No title]
		However, a compound word has a single defined meaning whereas the meaning of a tanru is explicitly ambiguous, Lojban tanru are not as free as English figures of speech; they are 'analytic', meaning that the components of tanru do not themselves assume a figurative sense.
		Most language users make the natural language modifier the modifier in their compounds, even if they are aware that a Lojban 'deep structure' analysis has it as the head.
		As a special case of the latter, the modifier may be the predicate of a sentential complement of the head (eg.
	www.lojban.org /files/papers/nsn_semantics_paper (3068 words)

	Compounds (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-09)
		The term compound is used to describe the combining of similar grammatical units in a number of circumstances.
		A compound sentence is a sentence made up of two or more independent clauses.
		A compound subject is a subject made up of two or more different subjects acting on the same predicate.
	englishplus.com /grammar/00000322.htm (153 words)

	ELI Grammar Hotline -- Spelling, Capitalization, Hyphenation
		The basic rule is to hyphenate a compound words when it functions as an adjective preceding the noun it modifies.
		Most sources, but not all, insist that compound nouns and compound adjectives are hyphenated when they precede a noun but not hyphenated when they follow a noun.
		Color compounds whose first element ends in -ish are hyphenated when they precede the noun but should not be hyphenated when they follow the noun: a darkish-blue color, a reddish-gold sunset; The sky is reddish gold.
	www.udel.edu /eli/questions/g03.html (6317 words)

	Hyphen - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Hyphens are generally not used in noun-noun or adverb-adjective compound modifiers because no such confusion is possible; for example:
		In other countries hyphens are dropped in favour of connecting the two-word compounds.
		Traditionally an en dash ('–') replaces the hyphen in hyphenated compounds if either of its constituent parts is either already hyphenated or contains a space.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hyphen (1865 words)

	Clark University \| University Communications Office
		However, a foreign phrase used as a modifier is not hyphenated: a bona fide offer, a per diem allowance.
		Compound modifiers formed of capitalized words should not be modified: Old English poetry, Third World country, Iron Age manufacturer.
		Only hyphenate if used as a compound modifier, for example: The decision-making process was a long one.
	www.clarku.edu /offices/publicaffairs/guides/style.cfm (3400 words)

	LINGUIST List 4.567: Compounds, Russian, ARTFL, Mandarin
		The problem is seen in English compounds like _lion-hunter_ which seem related to _hunt lions_ but whose modifier(adjunct, complement, specifier)-head order is just the reverse of the phrase.
		I predict that if a language is compelled by default modifier position to locate the compound modifier in that position normally occupied by the affix if the derivation were not compound, affixation will be forced by the head-application default to an internal position (_mothers-in-law_) or to be omitted (_pick-pocket_).
		This variation in noun compound affixation, in other words, is predicted by the default order of the single adjunct modifying a noun in a NP: A + N in English, N + A in French.
	www.ling.ed.ac.uk /linguist/issues/4/4-567.html (657 words)

	Peacock’s Pen: Editing: Style Guide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-09)
		Though the noun and modifier form of default is widely accepted in the computer science field, many editors do not permit default to function as a verb meaning “to allow a preset field value to automatically appear.” This style guide, however, supports all forms, including the verb, for the sake of brevity.
		Use the hyphenated look-alike as a noun and compound modifier.
		It is a modifier and must therefore be accompanied by a noun.
	www.peacockspen.com /Editing/EdStyle.html (6259 words)

	Florida Institute of Technology
		The purpose for hyphenating compound modifiers is to guide readers easily through your wording and help them distinguish the modifiers from the nouns at a glance.
		Also use when a compound modifier is formed using a number, a single letter and a noun (D-shaped connector, 3.5-inch column, 24-point type).
		When a compound modifier that would normally be hyphenated before a noun occurs after a form of the verb "to be," the hyphen usually must be retained to avoid confusion.
	www.fit.edu /upub/editors.html (4758 words)

	Hyphenated Compound Words (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-09)
		Hyphens are used internally in some compound words to separate the words forming the compound word.
		Hyphens are not used this way with compound parts ending in -ly or made up of proper nouns or proper adjectives.
		Some authorities recognize the use of a hyphenated compound adjective following the verb to be, especially if necessary for clarity.
	englishplus.com /grammar/00000127.htm (132 words)

	The Hyphen (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-09)
		If you can put "and" between the modifiers and it makes sense, it is not a compound modifier.
		If the modifier includes "very" or an "-ly" adverb, these words alone indicate that they are part of a compound modifier, so a hyphen is redundant.
		But be careful to distinguish between a compound modifier and the same words not used as a modifier.
	grammar.uoregon.edu /punctuation/hyphen.html (182 words)

	newsobserver.com \|Welcome to N&O blogs - July 2005, 10
		Researching this topic, compound modifiers, I ran across the truest sentence I have read about style, grammar and usage.
		A compound modifier is different from a series of adjectives in front of a noun.
		A compound adjective is a combination of two or more words that conveys a single thought.
	blogs.newsobserver.com /index.php?m=20050710 (711 words)

	languagehat.com: THE COPY EDITOR'S REVENGE.
		The fucker." Huntoon said the unhyphenated compound modifier is the most extreme step he has ever taken, adding that he drafted a resignation notice that he will hand in should his superiors notice the omission.
		There are a few compounds that, in addition to being ubiquitous as open compounds, always seem to go together and are completely unambiguous in any position without the hyphen.
		In sum, any compound modifier that is not traditionally hyphenated and would not be misread may be left unhyphenated in any position.
	www.languagehat.com /archives/002292.php (891 words)

	gmax - tutorials and more
		If object A is an ePoly and B is an eMesh, convert one before creating the compound object.
		To reduce the number of stray vertices and overlapping faces in the compound object, try to use objects with similar face counts in the area to be combined.
		A good tutorial to help understand the basics of creating a Boolean compound object can be found at cglearn.com I highly recommend you follow that tutorial to learn about the various results possible with Boolean combinations.
	cloud.prohosting.com /talone/gmax/tute/tutorial2.html (1158 words)

	Sample PRAXIS I Writing Exam Questions > Grammar (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-09)
		An adjective is a word that describes or modifies a noun or pronoun.
		Adverbs are words in a sentence that modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs.
		If a noun is preceded by a verb describing sense or appearance, the verb is followed by an adjective, not an adverb.
	www.informit.com /articles/article.asp?p=381917&seqNum=4 (1835 words)

	Hyphens
		A hyphen (—) is the small horizontal mark used to divide a word between syllables at the end of a line and to join words to form compound words.
		Consult a dictionary to determine whether a compound word is hyphenated or not.
		When two or more words function together as a modifier before a noun, use a hyphen to join them into a unit.
	www.nipissingu.ca /english/hornbook/HYPHENS.HTM (403 words)

	Morph
		You can use any kind of object as a morph target, including an animated object or another morph object, as long as the target is a mesh that has the same number of vertices as the seed object.
		The Morpher modifier is more flexible because you can add it multiple times at any place in an object's modifier stack display.
		It can be transferred either as a reference, a copy, an instance, or it can be moved, in which case the original shape is not left behind.
	www.3dmax-tutorials.com /Morph.html (1238 words)

	The Hyphen
		The marking of pauses in a copy of a text was normally left to the initiative of the individual reader who would insert them or not according to the degree of difficulty presented by the text, or the extent of his comprehension.”
		COMPOUND MODIFIERS: When a compound modifier — two or more words that express a single concept — precedes a noun, use hyphens to link all the words in the compound except the adverb “very” and all adverbs that end in “ly.”
		When a modifier that would be hyphenated before a noun occurs instead after a form of the verb “to be,” the hyphen usually must be retained to avoid confusion.
	www.nationalpunctuationday.com /hyphen.html (257 words)

	UW-Washington County : Writing Lab
		This area specifically addresses the use of hyphens with "compound modifiers." This is a quirky, and very picky rule.
		Thankfully, the rule is very easy to learn and assimilated into your writing habits and common knowledge.
		The following is a short quiz to test your knowledge of hyphen use with compound modifiers.
	washington.uwc.edu /studentlife/WritingLab-hyphens.html (193 words)

	Hyphen
		In general, when a compound modifier appears before a term, and at least one of the elements is itself a modifier, the compound modifier is hyphenated in order to prevent any possible misunderstanding, such as light-blue paint, twentieth-century invention, cold-hearted person, and award-winning show.
		Names for numbers from twenty-one to ninety-nine often have hyphens, as shown in this sentence.
		Anyone who doubts that the hyphen is marvelously efficient as an information-conveying device may consider the obvious difference in meaning between two newspaper headlines:
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/hy/Hyphenation.html (313 words)

	hyphen (-) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-09)
		But when a modifier that would be hyphenated before a noun occurs instead after a form of the verb to be, the hyphen usually must be retained to avoid confusion: The man is well-known.
		But if a combination such as little-known man were not hyphenated, the reader could logically be expecting little to be followed by a noun, as in little man.
		COMPOUND PROPER NOUNS AND ADJECTIVES: Use a hyphen to designate dual heritage: Italian-American, Mexican-American.
	www.stthomas.edu /jour/apstyle/hyphen__.html (305 words)

	Hyphens
		Use a hyphen to link compound nouns, especially when the lack of a hyphen would change the meaning of the term.
		Use a hyphen to connect compound modifiers to promote clarity and prevent ambiguity.
		If all unit modifiers in a series end with the same term, the term does not have to be repeated each time; for brevity you may suspend the hyphens and use the modified term only at the end of the series.
	mit.imoat.net /handbook/hyphen.htm (568 words)

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