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Topic: Compromise of 1877

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	Compromise of 1877 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Compromise of 1877 was an informal, unwritten deal that settled the disputed 1876 U.S. Presidential election.
		After the Compromise of 1877, white supremacy generally caused the South to vote solidly Democratic (the "Solid South") until 1964.
		Reunion and Reaction: The Compromise of 1877 and the End of Reconstruction (1951), emphasizes the role of railroads.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Compromise_of_1877 (696 words)

	Unit Five: 1840-1877
		It was proposed by Stephen A. Douglas of Illinois and repealed the Missouri Compromise.
		Crittenden Compromise proposal: The compromise was proposed by John Crittenden in an attempt to preserve the Union.
		•Compromise of 1877: As a result of the electoral vote from the election of 1876, Congress created a 15-member bipartisan commission, on January 29, 1877, to resolve the dispute concerning the electoral votes between Tilden and Hayes.
	www.salemwitchtrials.com /history/1840-1877.htm (10729 words)

	Compromise of 1877
		A compromise was mandatory and the one achieved in 1877, if it had been honored, would have given the Democrats what they wanted.
		To the four million former slaves in the South, the Compromise of 1877 was the “Great Betrayal." Republican efforts to assure civil rights for the fls were totally abandoned.
		Franklin & Marshall - The Compromise of 1877
	www.u-s-history.com /pages/h396.html (436 words)

	SparkNotes: Reconstruction (1865–1877): The End of Reconstruction: 1873–1877
		The result was the Compromise of 1877, in which Democrats agreed to let Hayes become president in exchange for a complete withdrawal of federal troops from the South.
		Finally, the Compromise of 1877 and removal of the remaining federal troops from the South signaled the end of the Reconstruction era.
		As a result, by 1877, northerners were tired of Reconstruction; weary of battling southern elites, scandal, and radicalism; and had largely lost interest in supporting fl civil rights.
	www.sparknotes.com /history/american/reconstruction/section6.rhtml (1464 words)

	Untitled Document
		The Compromise of 1877 between the Republicans and Democrats, occurring in January of that year, was the solution to the contested Presidential election of 1876 and furthermore brought an end to the period of Reconstruction following the Civil War.
		Congress eventually, in January 1877, set up a special electoral commission with an equal number of Democrats and Republicans to decide the disputed votes.
		The Compromise came about as Democrats in the Senate threatened to prevent the commission from reporting with a filibuster.
	www.thenagain.info /WebChron/USA/1877Comp.html (568 words)

	politics,black leaders,civic education
		The reconstruction was a time of great prosperity for fls in the south between 1861 and 1877.
		Times were good for a long time until 1877 when president Hayes was elected and the compromise of 1877 was created.
		The compromise of 1877 was the down fall of the reconstruction, it destroyed many of the advancements of reconstruction and re-instituted slavery.
	www.dogonvillage.com /Tidbits/construct.htm (149 words)

	History News Service
		Congress chose to resolve the issue in 1876 through a special Electoral Commission and a resulting complex set of commitments that came to be called the Compromise of 1877.
		Through the Compromise of 1877, Republicans pulled out federal troops and returned the traditional white Democratic elite to power.
		In 1877, African-American voters lost the most in the compromise that resolved the electoral conflict.
	www.h-net.org /~hns/articles/2000/111100a.html (806 words)

	SSC - TEKS and TAKS - TEKS Glossaries - US History
		The compromise solved a political impasse caused by the close election of 1876 in which Democratic nominee Samuel J. Tilden gained more popular votes than his Republican opponent Rutherford B. Hayes, but not a majority of electoral votes.
		The Compromise consisted of the Electoral Count Act which established a commission drawn from the Senate, the House, and the Supreme Court to count disputed votes.
		The Compromise prevented further deadlock by recommending that Hayes become president in exchange for withdrawing federal troops from Louisiana and South Carolina.
	www.tea.state.tx.us /ssc/teks_and_taas/teks/glossushist.htm (4714 words)

	Disputed Elections, Concealed Facts - Brief Article Progressive, The - Find Articles
		In 1877, the country was in the midst of a depression.
		In his classic study of the 1877 compromise, Reunion and Reaction, the historian C. Vann Woodward asked: "Could the South be induced to combine with the Northern conservatives and become a prop instead of a menace to the new capitalist order?"
		By 1877, desperation was widespread, and railroad workers went out on strike all over the country, in one of the most violent episodes of class warfare in American history: 100,000 workers were on strike, 1,000 went to prison, the death toll reached 100, the cities of Chicago and St. Louis were brought to a halt.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1295/is_2_65/ai_70451480 (890 words)

	HarpWeek \| Hayes vs. Tilden: The Electoral College Controversy of 1876-1877 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		On February 1, 1877, the Senate and House met in a joint session of Congress to count the electoral votes for president and vice president.
		On Monday, March 5, 1877, Rutherford B. Hayes was sworn in publicly as president of the United States.
		In 1880, James Garfield, one of the Wormley House negotiators and Electoral Commission members, was the compromise presidential nominee of the Republican party.
	elections.harpweek.com /09Ver2Controversy/Overview-4.htm (700 words)

	One Detroit Network: Compromise of 1877
		The compromise resolved the crisis through a series of secret negotiations involving Republican and Democratic politicians, and various interest groups, most notably the Texas and Pacific Railway company.
		The appointment of at least one Southern Democrat to Hayes' cabinet (David M. Key of Tennessee was appointed Postmaster General.) Hayes had already promised this.
		In any case, Reconstruction ended and the supremacy of the Democratic party – and white supremacy – in the South was cemented with the ascent of the "Redeemer" governments that displaced the Republican "carpetbagger" governments.
	onedetroitnetwork.blogspot.com /2006/06/compromise-of-1877.html (746 words)

	The Compromise of 1877 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The Compromise of 1877 between the Republicans and Democrats, occurring in January of that year.
		It was the solution to the contested Presidential election of 1876 and brought an end to the period of Reconstruction following the Civil War.
		In 1877 Congress set up a special commission with an equal number of Democrats and Republicans to decide the disputed votes.
	home.comcast.net /~glennwatson550/worksheets/compromise1877.html (424 words)

	Louisiana Timeline: Year 1876
		He is later recognized as governor by the federal government as part of the Compromise of 1877.
		The results are arguably the most controversial elections in U.S. history, ending with the Compromise of 1877 in which Nicholls is recognized as the legitimate governor of Louisiana and Rutherford B. Hayes takes the presidency over Tilden.
		As part of the compromise outgoing governor William Pitt Kellogg is given a seat in the U. Senate where he serves without distinction.
	www.enlou.com /time/year1876.htm (619 words)

	Congressman John Conyers, Jr. Press Release Page
		Congressman Conyers noted that the 1877 ‘Compromise' which followed the 1876 Presidential Election stripped Black voters of their rights, and eroded the hard-won gains of Reconstruction.
		In order to capture the post, Hayes negotiated a ‘Compromise' with Southern states, in which he pledged to withdraw all Federal troops which had been safeguarding and protecting African descendants who had been liberated by the 1863 Emancipation Proclamation and the 1865 13th Amendment to the U. Constitution.
		This ‘Compromise' in 1877 eliminated voting rights, basic citizenship rights and equal protection under the law for newly-freed Africans, and the action catalyzed an era of murder, tyranny and racist violence led by The Ku Klux Klan and other white Supremacists.
	www.house.gov /conyers/pr120600.htm (551 words)

	Texas Politics - Political Parties
		In 1872, the Democratic Party won control of the legislature, some five years before the Compromise of 1877 ended Reconstruction.
		After the Compromise of 1877, state Democratic parties throughout the South (including Texas) solidified control of their state governments, effectively halting Republican Party projects and dismantling the Party itself.
		The end of Reconstruction and the return of "home rule" by conservative whites in Texas kicked off a period of Democratic Party dominance that would last though the rest of the nineteenth century and well into the twentieth century.
	texaspolitics.laits.utexas.edu /html/part/0303.html (686 words)

	Louisiana Timeline: Year 1877
		On March 1, Congressman Levy stood on the floor of the U. House and asked that the delay of the electorial commission accept a compromise that would put Hayes in the White House and Nichols in the Louisiana governor’s mansion.
		The compromise, a curious concoction cooked up by the powerful Louisiana State Returning Board, a special national Electorial Commission, Congressmen William M. Levy, E.
		John Ellis and Randall L. Gibson, as well as Nicholls spokesman and democratic party chief Major Burke, included the removal of the last vestiges of Federal occupation armies and the return of home rule.
	www.enlou.com /time/year1877.htm (605 words)

	The Rutherford B. Hayes Presidential Center
		After long and contentious debate, Hayes was confirmed at 4:10 AM on March 2, 1877.
		Advocates of this theory believe that representatives of both parties met at the Wormley Hotel in Washington, DC on February 26, 1877.
		Hayes stated during the campaign that the remaining southern states would be returned to local rule if they would uphold the rights of all citizens.
	www.rbhayes.org /disputeFAQ.htm (916 words)

	The Rise and Fall of Jim Crow. A National Struggle . The President \| PBS
		The Black Codes of the Reconstruction era and railroad segregation laws foreshadowed the birth of the system of Jim Crow, but the Compromise of 1877 can be considered the political event that allowed Jim Crow to come into full power.
		By the election of 1876, the federal government had withdrawn from all but three Southern states, leaving fls at the mercy of state and local governments.
		The Compromise of 1877, in which election-winning electoral votes were exchanged for the end of federal intervention in the Southern states of Louisiana, South Carolina and Florida, marked an era of complicity between Northern and Southern politicians in the abandonment of the issue of civil rights for fls.
	www.pbs.org /wnet/jimcrow/struggle_president.html (702 words)

	Oxford University Press: Reunion and Reaction: C. Vann Woodward (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Between the era of America's landmark antebellum compromises and that of the Compromise of 1877, a war had intervened, destroying the integrity of the Southern system but failing to determine the New South's relation to the Union.
		Originally published in 1951, this classic work by one of America's foremost experts on Southern history presents an important new interpretation of the Compromise, forcing historians to revise previous attitudes towards the Reconstruction period, the history of the Republican party, and the realignment of forces that fought the Civil War.
		His penetrating and provocative analysis of this most far-reaching compromise of our national history indicates clearly the inadequacy and superficiality of long accepted myths.
	www.oup.com /us/catalog/general/subject/HistoryAmerican/~~/c2Y9YWxsJnNzPWF1dGhvci5hc2Mmc2Q9YXNjJnBmPTM0MCZ2aWV3PXVzYSZwcj0xMCZib29rQ292ZXJzPXllcyZjaT0wMTk1MDY0MjMy (556 words)

	Amazon.com: (1877): Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Grant 86 Radical Reconstruction and white resistance 87 Compromise of 1877: End of Reconstruction...
		Desert Land Act (1877): Resulted in the purchase of 2.5 million acres of Western...
		In the spring of 1877 the Tragic Era finally came to an end when President...
	www.amazon.com /s?ie=UTF8&index=books&field-keywords=(1877)&page=1 (608 words)

	Inaugural Quiz!
		Rutherford B. Hayes became President and Reconstruction came to an end through the Compromise of 1877.
		When the electoral votes from the 1876 election were counted, Rutherford B. Hayes was 20 votes short of victory, and 20 votes remained in dispute.
		The two parties ultimately worked out a compromise that accepted Hayes as President and brought an end to Reconstruction, allowing southern states to control their own affairs.
	www.archives.gov /education/lessons/inaugural-quiz/answer-05.html?template=print (109 words)

	PointofLaw.com \| PointOfLaw Forum: Roberts, politics, and truth
		Wickham compares the willingness of Democrats in the "Gang of 14" to compromise and not engage in filibusters of judicial nominees absent "extraordinary circumstances" to the "Compromise of 1877." As students of presidential history will recall, the 1876 Hayes-Tilden election made Bush-Gore look simple in comparison.
		The sorry consequence of that compromise was another 90 years' de jure discrimination against the very class of persons that hundreds of thousands of Americans had lost their lives to free.
		Lamar himself was a controversial nominee because he had resigned his seat in Congress in 1860 to serve in the secession convention for his native Mississippi.
	www.pointoflaw.com /archives/001524.php (732 words)

	United States presidential election, 1876 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This deal became known as the Compromise of 1877.
		The Compromise effectively pushed African-Americans out of power in the government; soon after the compromise, African-Americans were barred from voting by poll taxes and grandfather clauses.
		Facing a constitutional crisis the likes of which the nation had never seen, on January 29, 1877 the U.S. Congress passed a law forming a 15-member Electoral Commission to settle the result.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/U.S._presidential_election,_1876 (1158 words)

	Franklin & Marshall - The Compromise of 1877 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Franklin and Marshall - The Compromise of 1877
		When Congress met in early January 1877, it had before it four sets of electors, representing the three southern states and Oregon.
		The consummation of what has become known as the Compromise of 1877 cleared the way for final resolution of the presidential contest.
	www.fandm.edu /x2335.xml (1402 words)

	People For the American Way - Reconstruction and Jim Crow
		It is hard to overemphasize the magnitude of what happened after the Compromise of 1877.
		Historian Michael Perman studied the process of disfranchisement in every Southern state and argues that it was “quite possibly one of the most dramatic and decisive episodes in American history.” He observed that these “ruthless acts of political surgery” dominated political life in the South as states called constitutional conventions and passed amendments.
		When federal troops were withdrawn from the South in 1877, violence, intimidation and corruption were powerful tools the Southern white elite used to put itself back in power.
	www.pfaw.org /pfaw/general/default.aspx?oid=16402 (542 words)

	PinkMonkey.com American History Study Guide-Section 6. 7 The Compromise of 1877
		To solve the crises, a commission was set up to decide all the cases in the favor of the Republicans.
		By this compromise, the Democrats agreed not to oppose the selectors.
		Hayes who had expressed sympathy for the rights of fls during the elections, finally squandered their rights in the compromise of 1877.
	www.pinkmonkey.com /studyguides/subjects/am_his/chap6/a0606701.asp (233 words)

	[No title]
		Constitutional crises, who counts the ballots, House under D control Senate under R control, which ever one counted would favor in the interests of their party.
		= Compromise of 1877 set up an electoral count act and a electoral commission to count the votes.
		Because of compromise of 1877 fl rights suffered, now federal troops were gone southern states added literacy requirements, voter registration laws and poll taxes, fls can no longer vote.
	www.mrburnett.net /APUSHistory/Review1877-1902.doc (478 words)

	Electoral Commission of 1877
		Not surprisingly, the final votes on the disputed ballots turned out to be eight to seven in favor of Hayes, the Republican candidate.
		In truth, the outcome had been engineered through the Compromise of 1877.
		Memorabilia related to Electoral Commission of 1877 is at auction on eBay.
	www.u-s-history.com /pages/h395.html (317 words)

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