
	Where results make sense

Topic: Compulsory sterilization

Related Topics

Eugenics

United States of America

Insane asylum

Involuntary commitment

Mental health law

Civil township

Emanuel Cleaver, II

The Kallikak Family

Mental hospital

Sterilization (surgical procedure)

United States

Medal of Honor

California

Psychotic illness

	Compulsory sterilization - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Compulsory sterilization programs are government policies which attempt to force people to undergo surgical sterilization.
		Today, compulsory sterilization programs are usually seen as overly coercive and blunt attempts at genetic engineering which focused disproportionately on poor and disenfranchised groups.
		Sweden sterilized the highest proportion of its own citizens - 62,000 individuals from the 1930s through the 1970s within the population of over 6,000,000 were sterilized; it was a condition required for receiving welfare, securing one's release from prisons/mental institutions or for keeping custody of children.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Compulsory_sterilization (3881 words)

	Do Liberals Owe An Apology to the Victims of Sterilization? The Case of Margaret Sanger
		Sterilization was an obvious means, and while many felt that proper education would inspire defective persons to forego parenting voluntarily, more knowing heads divined that, if the human race was to be saved from the furtive, fertile degenerates, sterilization would probably have to be compulsory.
		The first state in America to pass a compulsory sterilization law was Indiana, this due in large part to the efforts of Dr. Harry Sharp, an Indiana prison physician, who found in the science of Eugenics the assurance that sterilization would relieve excessive sexuality.
		The Eugenicists, however, were less concerned with the benefits enjoyed by those sterilized than the assurance that the delinquents and feebleminded would not reproduce themselves--a matter of grave concern as this new science began to document the insatiable lust and the resulting fecundity of the feebleminded and the insane.
	hnn.us /articles/1662.html (1228 words)

	Alexander Mentally ill Extermination Report Part I (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		In severe alcholism sterilization was at the discretion of the "courts of hereditary health" ("Erbgesundheitsgerichte"), which were in charge of the encorcement of the steriliztaion law.
		Compared to the total number of admission, the incidence of proposed sterilizations was never high or significant at his clinic; it fell off sharply at the beginning of the war, and proposals for sterilization ceased completely since the budget year of 1942/43 (which begins in Germany 1 April 1942).
		Möckel stated that the practice of sterilization gradually became dormant, and that since the beginning of the war this state of affairs was encouraged by higher authorities.
	www.ess.uwe.ac.uk /genocide/alexrep1.htm (1267 words)

	BCCLA Position Paper: Sterilization, 1983
		Sterilization should be enforced for the sake of possible children, specifically, to prevent children from coming into being who will suffer because of (i) serious genetic defects or (ii) poor parenting.
		Sometimes sterilization of the mentally handicapped will not be in their interest, and yet it may also not be in their interest to have children.
		By allowing compulsory sterilization of the mentally handicapped for self-regarding reasons, we thereby expose the mentally handicapped to all the dangers attending sterilization for other-regarding reasons, for sterilization may be performed for the latter reasons in the name of the former.
	www.bccla.org /positions/patients/83sterilization.html (2807 words)

	Defaming Herbert Spencer? A Reply to Edwin Black by Roderick T. Long
		Spencer was not adcoating [sic] or responsibility [sic] for coercive sterilization, Darwin was not, Malthus was not.
		Herbert Spencer was an advocate of compulsory sterilization.
		Compulsory sterilization was not even the main, let alone the sole, topic of my article.
	www.lewrockwell.com /orig3/long5.html (1693 words)

	Skinner v. Oklahoma - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Under Oklahoma's Habitual Criminal Sterilization Act of 1935, the state could sentence compulsory sterilization as part of their judgment against individuals who had been convicted three or more times of crimes "amounting to felonies involving moral turpitude." The defendant, Jack T. Skinner, had been convicted once for chicken-stealing and twice for armed robbery.
		In reality however the only types of sterilization which the ruling immediately ended were punitive sterilizations—it did not directly comment on compulsory sterilization of the mentally disabled or mentally ill and was not a strict overturning of the Court's ruling in Buck v.
		Compulsory sterilizations of the mentally disable and mentally ill continued in the USA in significant numbers until the early 1960s, though many of their laws stayed on the books for many years longer, scarcely used.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Skinner_v._Oklahoma (848 words)

	Eugenics and Disability Discrimination, Pfeiffer
		All that is necessary for sterilization of such a person is for the superintendent of an institution or a county director of social services to obtain a court order for it.
		Even in the absence of a law authorizing sterilization, courts can and do compel persons with disabilities to undergo compulsory sterilization with no regard of the disabled person's view of his or her "best" interest.
		Once sterilized a person with a disability no longer has the chance to have biological children and so the problem involving parenting will not arise since it is also all but impossible for them to adopt a child.
	www.independentliving.org /docs1/pfeiffe1.html (8563 words)

	Forced Sterilizations
		Sterilization must continue as a birth-control choice for women, but for Native people it should be seen in the context of national identity.
		Seven states allowed sterilization of habitual criminals, and two (Washington and Wisconsin) could sterilize "nonhabitual criminals." In Iowa, a person who was deemed to be a "menace to society" might be placed under orders to lose his or her reproductive rights.
		For Lavigne, sterilizations are paid back at the ballot box, where a study by the Brazilian Congress estimates that the candidate snags between seven and 25 extra votes for each operation from land owners, many of them recent immigrants, who fully understand their stake in reducing Native populations in the area.
	www.ratical.org /ratville/sterilize.html (4284 words)

	ISAR - Barry Mehler, "Eliminating the Inferior: American and Nazi Sterilization (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Whether the social and philosophical objectives of sterilization advocates diverged into democratic and totalitarian camps during the 1930s or not, with regard to eugenic sterilization, the United States served as an example to the rest of the world.
		The Virginia eugenic sterilization law was challenged in the Supreme Court on the grounds that it violated the principle of equal protection since it applied only to institutionalized persons.
		The Commonwealth of Virginia aimed to sterilize only those who could "be safely discharged or paroled and become self-supporting with benefit to themselves and to society." Carrie Buck was institutionalized only after she became pregnant.
	www.ferris.edu /isar/archives/mehler/eliminating.htm (3837 words)

	Compelled Medical Procedures Involving Minors and Incompetents and Misapplication of the Substituted Judgment Doctrine, ...
		Courts have misused this doctrine in cases of compelled organ and tissue donation by minors and incompetents, compulsory sterilization of minors and incompetents, and removal and denial of life-sustaining treatment to minors and incompetents.
		Consent by parents to the sterilization of their mentally retarded offspring has a history of abuse which indicates that parents, at least, in this limited context, cannot be presumed to have an identity of interest with their children.
		In situations involving sterilization, however, it is the guardians who are benefitted both physically, as they do not have to deal with the problems of menstru- ation and conception, and psychologically, as they do not have to worry about promiscuity.
	www.cirp.org /library/legal/lebit/4.html (5259 words)

	Stephen Jay Gould, "Carrie Buck's Daughter" 1985 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Indiana passed the first sterilization act based on eugenic principles in 1907 (a few states had previously mandated castration as a punitive measure for certain sexual crimes, although such laws were rarely enforced and usually overturned by judicial review).
		Sterilization could be imposed upon those judged insane, idiotic, imbecilic, or moronic, and upon convicted rapists or criminals when recommended by a board of experts.
		The campaign for forced eugenics sterilization in America reached its climax and height of respectability in 1927, when the Supreme Court, by an 8-1 vote, upheld the Virginia sterilization bill in Buck v.
	www.stephenjaygould.org /library/gould_eugenics.html (538 words)

	The Roaring 20s and the Roots of American Fascism: American Eugenics
		Compulsory poor law taxes were assessed to each community to pay for housing the poor.
		The plan called for the further sterilization of borderline cases of some seven million people deemed by the ABA to be totally unfit to become useful parents or citizens.
		Sterilization laws were first introduced in the Michigan legislator in 1905, and again in Pennsylvania in 1906.
	www.spiritone.com /~gdy52150/1920sp6.html (8310 words)

	What is Eugenics?: Eugenics Project: A Documentary History, UVM
		The Eugenics Survey records do not contain sterilization records, as the Survey was not authorized to act as a "state eugenics board," as other states had established.
		Hence, our understanding of the degree to which "voluntary sterilization" of Vermonters was either "informed" or "consensual," as the law required, awaits access to patient records that are currently protected by privacy and confidentiality statutes.
		Government documents, manuscripts, and press coverage of the legislative debates over sterilization, however, dramatize the political landscape in which the sterilization bill was made law and document the central role the Eugenics Survey played in the campaign for sterilization.
	www.uvm.edu /~eugenics/sterilization.html (629 words)

	Crying Hands Intro (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Although the sterilization law had been declared invalid by the Allies, the postwar German state did not recognize sterilization under the Nazi era law as racial persecution, and postwar German courts held that compulsory sterilization under the law had followed proper procedures.
		The appeal of a sterilized deaf person was thus denied in 1950 after two court appointed physicians certified that the original finding of congenital deafness had been accurate.
		In 1964, the appeal for restitution from a sterilized person, who during the Nazi period had been a student at the former Israelite Deafmute Institute in Berlin, was denied.
	gupress.gallaudet.edu /CHintro7.html (218 words)

	AmericanHeritage.com / Race Cleansing in America
		The principle that sustains compulsory vaccination is broad enough to cover cutting the Fallopian tubes.” In the case of Carrie Buck, her mother, and her daughter, the requirement of sterilization was glaringly self-apparent.
		Buck had been made a test case of Virginia’s compulsory sterilization law, which was in good measure based on a “model” statute Laughlin himself had drafted, and he believed that if the Supreme Court upheld Buck’s sterilization, it would lead to the widespread passage of similar legislation in other states.
		By the end of the 1920s, the imposition of racially based immigration controls, the growing use of compulsory sterilization, and the widespread ban on interracial marriage gave American eugenicists the right to brag that they had made their nation the world’s most advanced eugenic state.
	www.americanheritage.com /articles/magazine/ah/2003/1/2003_1_34.shtml (4092 words)

	Sterilization of Women Who Are Mentally Handicapped (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The first came with the eugenics movement in the first part of the century, and seemed to encourage compulsory sterilization of person who are mentally handicapped.
		Determined that the Virginia voluntary sterilization statute was not unconstitutional.
		The principle that sustains compulsory vaccination is broad enough to cover cutting [Buck's] Fallopian tubes...It is better for all the world if instead of waiting to execute degenerative offspring for crime, or let them starve for their imbecility, society can prevent those whoare manifestly unfit from continuing their kind...Three generations of imbeciles are enough.
	students.washington.edu /aed/archivemidget/sterile_950425.html (781 words)

	Harry Laughlin's Model Law
		His Eugenical Sterilization in the United States of 1922 was the culmination of an extensive study into why most states in the country (California being the only notable exception) were not participating in the sterilization of their mentally ill populations.
		One of the primary problems, in Laughlin's assessment, was that the laws used by most of the state were highly flawed: they were either too poorly crafted to be constitutional (and many were ruled unconstitutional by state courts), or that they were too confusing in their wording to be used efficiently.
		The matter of segregating, sterilizing, or otherwise rendering non-reproductive the degenerate human strains in America is, in accordance with the spirit of our institutions, fundamentally a matter for each state to decide for itself.
	www.people.fas.harvard.edu /~wellerst/laughlin (2188 words)

	Ideas: Eugenics and Libertarianism
		Compulsory eugenics, in the form of sterilization of the “feeble-minded” and similar schemes, is sometimes blamed on Herbert Spencer and Social Darwinism, hence on laissez-faire beliefs, hence on libertarianism.
		Compulsory eugenics originated with Galton and was rapidly taken up by the British left, with supporters including Shaw, Wells, Keynes, Laski and the Webbs.
		Compulsory sterilization was implemented in a considerable number of countries, including the U.S. and Sweden, and almost implemented in Britain.
	daviddfriedman.blogspot.com /2006/11/eugenics-and-libertarianism.html (1381 words)

	CarriBuck
		The movement for compulsory sterilization began in earnest during the 1890s, abetted by two major factors--the rise of eugenics as an influential political movement and the perfection of safe and simple operations (vasectomy for men and salpingectomy, the cutting and tying of Fallopian tubes, for women) to replace castration and other obvious mutilation.
		The campaign for forced eugenic sterilization in America reached its climax and height of respectability in 1927, when the Supreme Court, by an 8-1 vote, upheld the Virginia sterilization bill in the case of Buck v.
		When the state of Virginia passed its compulsory sterilization law in 1924, Carrie Buck, an eighteen-year-old white woman, was an involuntary resident at the State Colony for Epileptics and Feeble-Minded.
	www.homestead.com /Schoolfile/files/CarriBuck.html (3230 words)

	World Issues
		Punlab and Haryana have passed ordinances with strong punitive measures against government employees who do not undergo sterilization after having two children: basic amenities like subsidized housing, maternity leave, and medical care are to be denied to couples not having one sterilized spouse or not pledging to undergo sterilization after the second child.
		The compulsory sterilization bill has been approved by the Maharashtra legislative assembly with lust one dissenting vote.
		As the leader of an overpopulated country, you are faced with the problem of whether or not to promote compulsory sterilization of couples who have had their quota of two children.
	home.ica.net /~drw/pop16f.htm (937 words)

	Tibet Justice Center Reports - Violence and Discrimination Against Tibetan Women - Convention Articles 1 & 2: ...
		Moreover, the coercion and violence used to prevent births of Tibetans, and the lack of a rational basis for limiting births among Tibetans, raise a strong inference of the Chinese government's intent to commit genocide.
		TCHRD has received extensive testimony on coerced and forced sterilization of Tibetan women, including 300 women sterilized in Nyemo County (TAR) in 1997, 105 in Rebkhong (Amdo) in 1996/97, 113 aborted and 85 sterilized in Tso Ngonpo (Amdo) in 1997, 308 in Chushul (TAR) in 1996, and 190 in Lhasa in 1991/92.
		About three hundred were sterilized that day, including those with "fetuses below three months.[They were] bleeding like animals...many too weak to even move."This witness claims the women were "literally dragged" against their will, and even had to pay for the operations.
	www.tibetjustice.org /reports/women/iv.html (1202 words)

	Dark Chapter of American History: U.S. Court Battle Over Forced Sterilization
		Last spring a Michigan court rejected, because the statute of limitations had expired, the suit of a man who had been sterilized at the age of 18, ostensibly on the grounds of feeble-mindedness.
		At the age of 18, he was sterilized against his will, as were four of his siblings.
		Most compulsory sterilizations occurred in the 1930s and '40s, but some states, such as Virginia, continued the practice until the late 1970s.
	www.commondreams.org /views/072100-106.htm (1194 words)

	Man who fathered 37 children begs for sterilization - Pravda.Ru
		Cleto Ruis Dias, the 44-year-old Argentinean, is begging to undergo sterilization.
		Meanwhile, the issue of sterilization is a very sensitive subject for many lawmakers.
		Sterilization is against the law in the region.
	english.pravda.ru /society/stories/10-08-2006/83880-sterilization-0 (651 words)

	The Sounding Board, May / June 2005: Emotion Pictures - The Woodsman (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		All told, more than 60,000 sterilizations were carried out in the US under these laws, about a third in California alone (it is documented that the Nazi regime regarded the California experience as proof that a eugenics program could be successfully carried out on a large scale).
		Muir, who is poised, articulate and passionate about the issues, has shown this film and spoken to numerous groups in Canada and the U.S. over the past few years and hopes for new opportunities to take her film and story further afield, both in the U.S. and to developing nations.
		The mother argues persuasively that it would be tragic for her daughter to become pregnant, because of health problems, the trauma of pregnancy and birth, and her unfitness for motherhood.
	www.ohsu.edu /psychiatry/soundingboard/films/0705.htm (1544 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)