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Topic: Computational tree logic

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Modal logic

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	The Dispatch - Serving the Lexington, NC - News
		Logics for handling a number of other ideas, such as eventually, formerly, can, could, might, may, must are by extension also called modal logics, since it turns out that these can be treated in similar ways.
		Logical possibility is a form of alethic possibility; (4) makes a claim about whether it is possible for a mathematical truth to have been false, but (3) only makes a claim about whether it is possible that the mathematical claim turns out false, for all Jones knows, and so again Jones does not contradict himself.
		Significantly, modal logics can be developed to accommodate most of these idioms; it is the fact of their common logical structure (the use of "intensional" or non-truth-functional sentential operators) that make them all varieties of the same thing.
	www.the-dispatch.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=modal_logic (2924 words)

	Logic & Formal Reasoning
		Logic has been developed over the centuries as a formal (that is, precise not obtuse) way of representing assumptions about a world and the process of deriving the consequences of those assumptions.
		Logic lecture slides and accompanying transcripts from Professors Tomás Lozano-Pérez and Leslie Kaelbling's Spring 2003 course, Artificial Intelligence.
		The Isaac Newton of logic - It was 150 years ago that George Boole published his classic The Laws of Thought, in which he outlined concepts that form the underpinnings of the modern high-speed computer.
	www.aaai.org /AITopics/html/logic.html (1291 words)

	The Math Forum - Math Library - Logic/Foundations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Arché: Centre for the Philosophy of Logic, Language, Mathematics and Mind - Crispin Wright, Director; University of St. Andrews, U.K. Arché is a new research centre within the School of Philosophical and Anthropological Studies, St Andrews.
		Aristotle and the Paradoxes of Logic - Gilbert Voeten
		The Association for Symbolic Logic (ASL) is an international organization supporting the presentation, publication, and critical discussion of scholarly work in the field of logic.
	mathforum.org /library/topics/logic (2213 words)

	Control and Diagnosis of Discrete-Event Systems with Temporal Logic Specifications
		Temporal logic is an attempt to bridge the gap between formal and natural languages.
		We choose the temporal logics of CTL (computational tree logic) and LTL (linear time logic) proposed by Clarke-Emerson-Sitsla for which automated techniques exist for verifying system properties.
		Our initial work shows that with the use of temporal logic, there is no loss of computational complexity, yet there is surely a gain of expressibility and user-friendliness.
	www.eng.iastate.edu /abstracts/viewabstract.asp?id=1261 (230 words)

	SMV manual page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		A BDD is a decision tree, in which variables always appear in the same order as the tree is traversed from root to leaf.
		Iteration is used to solved the fixed point equations which characterize the CTL operators, and also to search for counterexamples.
		With each iteration, the number of BDD nodes used to represent the result is printed, as well as the number of states that this represents.
	www.cs.cmu.edu /afs/cs/academic/class/15674-s99/www/smvman.html (1404 words)

	Mathematical Background
		In computer science, the clear separation of the name of a function from its defining expression enables a lambda expression to be used anywhere that a function name could be used.
		Since a tree has no cycles, a common convention for simplifying the diagrams is to omit the arrowheads on the arcs, but to draw the parent nodes at a higher level than their children.
		A common application of graph or tree walking algorithms is the translation of a parse tree or a conceptual graph to some natural or artificial language.
	www.jfsowa.com /logic/math.htm (14436 words)

	INA Integrated Net Analyzer Version 2.2 (Description, Manual, Download, ...)
		For bounded nets, the reachability graph can be computed and analysed for liveness, reversability, dynamic conflicts, realisable transition invariants, livelocks etc. The symmetries of the given net can be computed and used to reduce the size of the reachability graph.
		INA is not directly usable as a computing engine for other applications (it is not possible to invoke algorithms from outside the program) and does not provide a graphical user interface.
		Compute a shortest path from the initial state to a target marking
	www.informatik.hu-berlin.de /~starke/ina.html (869 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		SFU Computing Science 03-1 ________________________________________________________________________ CMPT 880-3 G1" Computational Logic Instructor: E. Ternovska SFU Final Exam: ________________________________________________________________________ OBJECTIVE/DESCRIPTION: Logic has been called the calculus of computing science because it provides a uniform tool for modeling and reasoning about computation.
		Logic-based techniques are responsible for significant advances in several areas of computing science, from database theory to software engineering.
		This course will focus on connections between logic and computational complexity, database theory and software/hardware verification.
	www.cs.sfu.ca /cs/gradpgm/Outlines/2003-1/CMPT-880-Ternovska-03-1.txt (244 words)

	Document: 2_logic_programming
		Variables, constants, and structures as a whole are called terms (they are the terms of a ``first-order language''): the data structures of a logic program.
		Execution: given a program and a query, executing the logic program is attempting to find an answer to the query.
		The search and computation rules explain how the search tree will be explored during execution.
	www.clip.dia.fi.upm.es /~logalg/slides/2_logic_programming/2_logic_programming.html (1695 words)

	MATHS: Modal Logic
		Studying modal logics uncovers the half-a-dozen different ways we may want a piece of software to have a property.
		Some modal logics make it easy to calculate whether the logical behavior of a piece of software (a model) satisfies its requirements.
		Trio is a model logic that has been used to reason about complex time dependent properies of compterized system.
	www.csci.csusb.edu /dick/maths/logic_9_Modalities.html (2662 words)

	Logic for Learning
		For those in computational logic, no previous knowledge of machine learning is assumed and, for those in machine learning, no previous knowledge of computational logic is assumed.
		Higher-order logic is already heavily used in some parts of computer science, for example, theoretical computer science, functional programming, and hardware verification, mainly because of its great expressive power.
		However, it does not provide a comprehensive account of higher-order logic, much less computational logic, concentrating instead on those aspects of higher-order logic that can be applied to learning.
	users.rsise.anu.edu.au /~jwl/LogicforLearning (619 words)

	Hardware Design Verification: Simulation and Formal Method-Based Approaches - $90.53 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Many colleges have comprehensive curricula on logic design, ranging from introduction to digital design to advanced computer architecture.
		On the contrary, most verification engineers learn their trade on the job; few were educated as verification engineers in academia, although many schools are beginning to teach verification curriculum.
		First it presents automata and computational tree logic as a means of modeling temporal behavior with fairness constraints.
	www.informit.com /title/0131433474 (2048 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		That is, it is computed only if it is necessary for evaluat- ing a spec or for constructing a counterexample.
		My observation is that intermediate relational prod- ucts are often of a random nature and reordering variables for them may severly screw up the BDD size of the reachable state set.
		Iterations are used to solved the fixed point equations which character- ize the CTL operators, and also to search for counterexam- ples.
	www.cs.cmu.edu /~dongw/smv.txt (2887 words)

	Theoretical Computer Science page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		One of the crusual problems of theoretical computer science is to check whether a program corresponds to it's specification.
		The specification and the model were represented by a boolean formula and thus the MC problem was reduced to boolean formula truth checking.
		This means that temporal logic formula satisfability problem is reduced to checking whether the automaton is empty or not.
	sunsite.cs.msu.su /~tsark/tcs-eng.html (307 words)

	Computational Methods in Systems Biology 2003
		Corrado Priami (Ed.): Computational Methods in Systems Biology, First International Workshop, CMSB 2003, Roverto, Italy, February 24-26, 2003, Proceedings.
		Lecture Notes in Computer Science 2602 Springer 2003, ISBN 3-540-00605-2
		Contribution of Computational Tree Logic to Biological Regulatory Networks: Example from Pseudomonas Aeruginosa.
	www.informatik.uni-trier.de /~ley/db/conf/cmsb/cmsb2003.html (413 words)

	Computational Logic at RMIT
		There are a number of areas of computational logic, automated reasoning, logic programming and related topics of interest to researchers in the School of Computer Science and Information Technology at RMIT University.
		We are interested in using logical methods to assist with this problem, such as the specification of protocols, reasoning about the interactions involved, verifying that particular properties hold or reasoning about the negotiation process between agents.
		Of particular interest are potential logic programming languages based on extensions to linear logic, including temporal linear logic, and spatial logics.
	www.cs.rmit.edu.au /logic (456 words)

	Logic and Proof
		We begin with a background of propositional and predicate calculus using both a system of natural deduction and resolution methods to find proofs.
		We will also discuss computational tree logic (CTL) and several other modal logics.
		There will be six homework and/or computer assignments, a mid-term, and a final.
	www.mathcs.duq.edu /simon/Fall01/cpma511.html (228 words)

	modal logic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Flavours of modal logics include: Propositional Dynamic Logic (PDL), Propositional Linear Temporal Logic (PLTL), Linear Temporal Logic (LTL), Computational Tree Logic (CTL), Hennessy-Milner Logic, S1-S5, T. Lewis, "A Survey of Symbolic Logic", 1918, initiated the modern analysis of modality.
		Amir Pnuelli proposed the use of temporal logic to formalise the behaviour of continually operating concurrent programs in 1977.
		[G.E. Hughes and M.J. Cresswell, "An Introduction to Modal Logic", Methuen, 1968].
	burks.bton.ac.uk /burks/foldoc/98/74.htm (280 words)

	Formal Methods and Software Arhitecture Publications
		By so doing, it dramatically reduces the computing complexity that other Petri net-based methods suffer due to the consideration of detailed interactions among all directions of traffic.
		RAS combines mature Time Petri nets and Real-Time Computational Tree Logic to form an integrated system model for architectural specification and analysis of real-time concurrent systems such as FMS.
		The approach integrates existing formal methods, more specifically time Petri nets and real-time computational tree logic, and leverages their complementary strengths in a way that allows us to systematically link and enforce that architectural design meets the system's timing requirements, and to incrementally verify the conformance.
	cadse.cs.fiu.edu /research_projects/architecture/publications (2412 words)

	Integrated architectural modeling and analysis for high-assurance command and control system design. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The objective is to establish a formal foundation that will enable us to integrate existing rich but fragmented formal techniques for system specification and verification into practical and scalable formal engineering methods to support the design and development of highly reliable real-time distributed systems.
		First, it provides a formal system that integrates system's timing requirements and the propagation of requirements into the process of architectural modeling and design and provides a systematic way to enforce that the requirements are met at every step of the design process.
		Based on these features, an incremental method is presented for verifying timing properties of a RAS model that helps to reduce the complexity of analysis both at a given design level or across different design levels.
	www.informatik.uni-hamburg.de /TGI/pnbib/d/deng_y3.html (256 words)

	ResearchChannel - Using Machine Learning to Verify Systems
		Automated verification of software systems is a challenging problem because of their large (and often infinite) state-space.
		In this talk, we explore techniques from computational learning theory for verification of such systems.
		We can analyze both linear time and branching time temporal logics (more precisely omega-regular properties and Computational Tree Logic).
	www.researchchannel.org /prog/displayevent.aspx?rID=4354&fID=569 (196 words)

	Incremental modeling and verification of flexible manufacturing systems. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Abstract: An FMS is a typical real-time concurrent system composed of a number of computer-controlled machine tools, automated material handling and storage systems that operate as an integrated system under the control of host computer(s).
		The growing demand for higher performance and flexibility in these systems and the interlocking factors of concurrency, deadline-driven activities, and real-time decision making pose a significant challenge to FMS design, especially in terms of control and scheduling.
		The contribution of RAS is twofold: First, it provides a formal system to systematically maintain a strong correlation between (real-time) requirements and design and to verify the conformance of the design to the requirements, which helps enhance traceability and thus to help us to achieve high assurance in design.
	www.informatik.uni-hamburg.de /TGI/pnbib/w/wang_j6.html (286 words)

	Publications of Konstantine Arkoudas
		Some notes on computability and relative computability (oracles, Church's thesis, etc.).
		I wrote these notes as an undergrad, a little over ten years ago, so the writing style is somewhat immature.
		Implementing a model checker for CTL (Computational Tree Logic) in Athena
	www.cag.lcs.mit.edu /~kostas/publications.html (219 words)

	Multiagent Systems (SMA-UPC) - Dr. Javier Vazquez-Salceda (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Faculty of Computer Science, Free University of Bolzano, Italy
		Mui, "Computational Models of Trust and Reputation: Agents, Evolutionary Games, and Social Networks”.
		"A model for organizational interaction: based on agents, founded in logic".
	www.lsi.upc.edu /~jvazquez/teaching/sma-upc (182 words)

	CT from FOLDOC
		Next: CTL, CTOS, ctrl, CTS, CTSS, CTY, CU, cu, CUA, Cube, cube, cubing, CUCH
		This ITS- and TOPS-10-associated term has become less common, as most Unix hackers simply refer to the CTY as "the console".
		Previous: CSTools, CSU, CSU/DSU, CSV, CTC, CTCP, CTI, CTL, CTOS, ctrl, CTS, CTSS
	www.instantweb.com /d/dictionary/foldoc.cgi?query=CT (285 words)

	Home page of Anindya C. Patthak (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Research Interests: I am interested in the theoretical aspects of computer science.
		In particular, I am interested in computational complexity, coding theory, property testing, algebro-combinatorial constructions.
		I am doing my phd under supervision of Prof.
	www.cs.utexas.edu /~anindya (57 words)

	Methods and Tools for Validation Modeling and Analysis Dat5
		In addition to verification based on model-checking the course will focus on model-based testing including testing of finite-state machines (ordinary, timed or stochastic).
		Read [JPK] chapter 3 (until 3.9) or [JPKnew] CTL (see below).
		How to Present a paper in Theoretical Computer Science: A Speaker's Guide for Student.
	www.cs.auc.dk /~kgl/DAT5E02/plan.html (824 words)

	DYNAMO Project Tools (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Design models are converted by Para2SMV into SMV state machines.
		Guarantees expressed in CTL (Computational Tree Logic) are provided by the designer as a seperate input into Para2Smv.
		SmvModel - SmvModel is a collection of C++ classes that can be used to help generate SMV input files.
	www-static.cc.gatech.edu /dynamo/tools/index.html (436 words)

	Amazon.com: Abstraction Refinement for Large Scale Model Checking (Series on Integrated Circuits and Systems): Books: ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Key Phrases: minimized transition relation, approximate reachable states, combinational logic cones, Computational Tree Logic, Linear Time Temporal Logic (more...
		Key Phrases - CAPs: Computational Tree Logic, Linear Time Temporal Logic
		Be the first person to add an article about this item at Amapedia.com.
	www.amazon.com /Abstraction-Refinement-Checking-Integrated-Circuits/dp/0387341552 (631 words)

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