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Topic: Computer simulation

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	Computer graphics, computer graphic simulation, computer simulation, computer generated graphics
		Computer graphics and animation are of immeasurable value in pretrial hearings and courtroom presentations because they provide the visual link necessary for a jury to comprehend the technical testimony of an engineer or scientific witness.
		Computer animation is typically used to recreate real-time auto accidents, show complex plant piping and processes, as well as demonstrate the internal workings of complex machinery, anatomy, or physiological functions.
		Computer animation can be integrated with actual video footage to substantiate the integrity of the data used to produce the animation.
	www.bisonengineering.com /computer_graphics.htm (394 words)

	Computer simulation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Computer simulations have become a useful part of modeling many natural systems in physics, chemistry and biology, human systems in economics and social science and in the process of engineering new technology, to gain insight into the operation of those systems.
		Computer simulation was developed hand-in-hand with the rapid growth of the computer, following its first large-scale deployment during the Manhattan Project in World War II to model the process of nuclear detonation.
		Computer simulations are used in a wide variety of practical contexts, such as flight simulators to train pilots, weather forecasting and the design of complex systems such as aircraft but also logistics systems.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Computer_simulation (1127 words)

	Simulation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Simulation is used in many contexts, including the modeling of natural systems, and human systems to gain insight into the operation of those systems; and simulation in technology and safety engineering where the goal is to test some real-world practical scenario.
		Simulation is often used in the training of civilian and military personnel.
		Computer simulation, has become a useful part of modeling many natural systems in physics, chemistry and biology, and human systems in economics and social science (the computational sociology) as well as in engineering to gain insight into the operation of those systems.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Simulation (1487 words)

	ModelBenders - Encyclopedia
		Simulation is the process of designing a model of a real or imagined system and conducting experiments with that model.
		Simulations are usually referred to as either discrete event or continuous, based on the manner in which the state variables change.
		In practice, most simulations use both discrete and continuous state variables, but one of these is predominant and drives the classification of the entire simulation.
	www.modelbenders.com /encyclopedia (1131 words)

	JITE Volume 33, Number 4 - Anu A. Gokhale
		Interactive computer simulations based on this strategy help students to create explanations for the events and argue for the validity of those explanations using a mixture of their own ideas and technical concepts in the simulation.
		Computer simulations were found to be very effective in stimulating environmental problem solving by community college students (Faryniarz and Lockwood, 1992).
		In particular, computer simulation exercises based on the guided discovery learning theory can be designed to provide motivation, expose misconceptions and areas of knowledge deficiency, integrate information, and enhance transfer of learning (Mayes, 1992).
	scholar.lib.vt.edu /ejournals/JITE/v33n4/jite-v33n4.gokhale.html (3232 words)

	Social Research Update 6: Computer simulation of social processes
		Simulations of complex social processes involve the estimation of many parameters and adequate data for making the estimates can be difficult to come by.
		The simulation works by cycling through each agent in turn, collecting messages sent from other agents, updating the agent's internal state by checking for any applicable rules, deciding on an action for the agent to take and finally communicating messages and the effects of the action to the environment, which then responds appropriately.
		The simulation was used to investigate issues such as whether the formation of groups increases the chances of survival of the agents.
	www.soc.surrey.ac.uk /sru/SRU6.html (2618 words)

	WHAT IS SIMULATION?
		Computer simulation is the discipline of designing a model of an actual or theoretical physical system, executing the model on a digital computer, and analyzing the execution output.
		Computer simulation is the electronic equivalent of this type of role playing and it serves to drive synthetic environments and virtual worlds.
		Simulation of a system can be done at many different levels of fidelity so that whereas one reader will think of physics-based models and output, another may think of more abstract models which yield higher-level, less detailed output as in a queuing network.
	www.cis.ufl.edu /~fishwick/introsim/node1.html (488 words)

	Are You Living in a Computer Simulation?
		The simulation argument works equally well for those who think that it will take hundreds of thousands of years to reach a “posthuman” stage of civilization, where humankind has acquired most of the technological capabilities that one can currently show to be consistent with physical laws and with material and energy constraints.
		As one approaches the limiting case in which everybody is in a simulation (from which one can deductively infer that one is in a simulation oneself), it is plausible to require that the credence one assigns to being in a simulation gradually approach the limiting case of complete certainty in a matching manner.
		The physics in the universe where the computer is situated that is running the simulation may or may not resemble the physics of the world that we observe.
	www.simulation-argument.com /simulation.html (4855 words)

	Predicting an asteroid strike
		The simulation is no video game; the calculations take into account the real-world laws of physics governing time, temperature, pressure, gravity, the densities of water and earth, and hundreds of other considerations to create an accurate prediction.
		In the absence of real-world nuclear testing, DOE and the weapons labs are developing continually more powerful supercomputers and computer codes to simulate the complex 3-D physics involved in nuclear-weapon performance and to accurately predict the degradation of nuclear weapon components as they age in the stockpile.
		According to the simulation, the impact would vaporize the asteroid, deform the ocean floor, and eject hundreds of cubic miles of superheated water vapor, melted rock, and other debris into the upper atmosphere and back into space.
	www.sandia.gov /media/comethit.htm (1119 words)

	Free Resources: Participation Tools: Computer Simulation
		Computer simulation translates such plans and descriptions into pictures that help us see what a proposed development will actually look like.
		Today, advances in computer technology, such as computer aided drawing and design (CADD), global information systems (GIS), and advanced two and three-dimensional graphics software, have made it possible for design professionals to present their projects to clients or the public through computer simulation.
		Computer simulation begins with a scanned photograph of a building or area within a community.
	lgc.org /freepub/land_use/participation_tools/computer_simulation.html (546 words)

	Are You Living in a Computer Simulation?
		The Simulation argument has attracted much attention and is getting a lot of play in the media.
		The Simulation Argument is perhaps the first interesting argument for the existence of a Creator in 2000 years.
		Those who believe suitably programmed computers could enjoy conscious experience of the sort we enjoy must accept the possibility that their own experience is being generated as part of a computerized simulation.
	www.simulation-argument.com (954 words)

	Paul Davidsson : Agent Based Social Simulation (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The phenomenon simulated is an event or a sequence of events in a natural or an artificial system (or a combination of these), which could be either existing or non-existing at the time of the simulation.
		The contribution from agent based computing to the field of computer simulation mediated by ABSS is a new paradigm for the simulation of complex systems with much interaction between the entities of the system.
		Thus, in macro simulations, the set of individuals is viewed as a structure that can be characterized by a number of variables, whereas in micro simulations the structure is viewed as emergent from the interactions between the individuals.
	jasss.soc.surrey.ac.uk /5/1/7.html (1553 words)

	Quantum Mechanics Implies That The Universe is a Computer Simulation (Site not responding. Last check: )
		When we analogize to the operations of a digital computer, these same phenomena can be understood as logical and, in some cases, necessary features of computer programming designed to produce a virtual reality simulation for the benefit of the user.
		A computed variable will display according to the underlying algorithm each time it is computed, and while the algorithm remains stable, the results of a particular calculation can be made to depend on some other factor, including another variable.
		As a computer projection, she could be pregnant or not pregnant, married or single, according to whatever rules the computer might be using to create her image.
	www.bottomlayer.com /bottom/argument/Argument4.html (7644 words)

	computer simulation - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about computer simulation (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The behaviour of solids and liquids at high temperatures can be simulated using quantum simulation.
		Computers also control the actions of machines – for example, a flight simulator models the behaviour of real aircraft and allows training to take place in safety.
		Computer simulations are very useful when it is too dangerous, time consuming, or simply impossible to carry out a real experiment or test.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /computer+simulation (196 words)

	Computer simulation Info - Encyclopedia WikiWhat.com (Site not responding. Last check: )
		An analog simulation uses differential equations (either partial or ordinary), implemented numerically.
		Periodically, the simulation program recalculates all the equations, and uses the numbers to change the state and output of the simulation.
		a stochastic simulation, typically used for discrete systems where events occur probabilisticallyally, and which can't be described directly with differential equations (this is a discrete simulation in the above sense).
	www.wikiwhat.com /encyclopedia/c/co/computer_simulation.html (733 words)

	Computer Traffic Simulation
		This form of the simulation goes hand in hand with Part II of the competition, which is a challenge to figure out mathematically how long it takes the line to get moving and whether or not slow acceleration is to blame when you're kept waiting at the back of the line.
		In this simulation, you can choose the values for the three basic parameters c, l, and L in the mathematical model we are assuming the traffic follows.
		This part of the simulation was designed to accompany Part II of the competition, which is a challenge to find mathematical formulas for how long it takes cars far back in the line to get going.
	www.math.toronto.edu /mathnet/carcompet/simulation.html (1332 words)

	Computer Assisted Simulation Design
		Unlike physical simulations, conflict simulations usually cannot be validated by conducting experiments in a laboratory environment.
		As in weather prediction, where multiple models are applied in search of a convergence, accurate conflict simulation requires the application of multiple models, or at least the same model with different values applied to parameterized elements.
		Whatever the goal of a conflict simulation may be, designing an effective simulation model requires an understanding of the interplay between simulation components.
	www.savarese.org /simulation/casd.html (501 words)

	ScienceDaily: Computer Modeling Articles
		A computer simulation or a computer model is a computer program that attempts to simulate an abstract model of a particular system.
		3D computer graphics (in contrast to 2D computer graphics) are graphics that utilize a three-dimensional representation of geometric data that is stored in the computer for the purposes of performing calculations and...
		Computational genomics is the study of deciphering biology from genome sequences using computational analysis, including both DNA and RNA.
	www.sciencedaily.com /articles/computers_math/computer_modeling (519 words)

	protein misfolding captured in computer simulation
		The notorious complexity of simulating the folding of even a single protein, and the lack of computational resources to do so, had inhibited researchers from attempting robust (reproducible) multiprotein simulations till now.
		He said that computer models constructed to describe the proper folding of a single protein lack touch with experimental realities.
		The Sandia-MIT simulation was based on a model created by Ken Dill of the University of California at San Francisco.
	www.sandia.gov /media/fold.htm (1342 words)

	Our Lives, Controlled From Some Guy’s Couch - New York Times
		This simulation would be similar to the one in “The Matrix,” in which most humans don’t realize that their lives and their world are just illusions created in their brains while their bodies are suspended in vats of liquid.
		Dr. Bostrom assumes that technological advances could produce a computer with more processing power than all the brains in the world, and that advanced humans, or “posthumans,” could run “ancestor simulations” of their evolutionary history by creating virtual worlds inhabited by virtual people with fully developed virtual nervous systems.
		Some computer experts have projected, based on trends in processing power, that we will have such a computer by the middle of this century, but it doesn’t matter for Dr. Bostrom’s argument whether it takes 50 years or 5 million years.
	www.nytimes.com /2007/08/14/science/14tier.html?ex=1344744000&en=22efff4469281187&ei=5124&partner=permalink&exprod=permalink (837 words)

	Computer Simulation Help page
		Computer simulation is a tool that can help in design, research, optimization or "what if" tasks in any discipline.
		We have many years of experience in simulating such things as control systems, mechanical devices, growing populations, ecological problems, legal processes, manufacturing plants, mass service systems, liquid flow, robotics and more.
		However, I mainly use the PSM++ simulation system, so if you need help on another of (hundreds) of simulation packages, I may not be competent.
	www.raczynski.com /pn/simhelp.htm (279 words)

	SCS PUBLICATIONS (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Journal of Defense Modeling and Simulation: Applications, Methodology, Technology is a quarterly refereed archival journal devoted to advancing the practice, science, and art of modeling and simulation as it relates to the military and defense.
		SIMULATION: Transactions of The Society for Modeling and Simulation International is our monthly refereed journal devoted to advancing the discipline and profession of modeling and simulation.
		Modeling and Simulation Magazine is the general interest publication of the Society.
	www.scs.org /pubs/pubsinfo.html (205 words)

	BIG BANG COMPUTER SIMULATION
		This sounds like something which ought to be amenable to computer simulation, in fact a cousin to the computer simulation of the Von Karman vortex street which also requires a random fluctuation to break the initial symmetry.
		It would be a proper simulation and not just a cartoon, so we could see that there is no cheating (the author has encountered people who are unable to distinguish between a simulation and a cartoon).
		The author is primarily a computer programmer rather than a theoretical physicist, but he is prepared to wait and has other things to be getting on with in the meantime.
	ourworld.compuserve.com /homepages/anima/bigbang.htm (1061 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Science/Nature \| Computer predicts World Cup result
		The computer was programmed with the Fifa world rankings, the distance teams have to travel to compete, the effects of having to switch between Japan and Korea and the amount of rest between matches.
		The simulation was run 2000 times and the result was a Brazil-Italy final, with the South Americans coming out triumphant.
		The aim of the study is to find out whether computers are better than humans when it comes to prediction.
	news.bbc.co.uk /hi/english/sci/tech/newsid_2018000/2018821.stm (355 words)

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