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Topic: Concentrated Animal Feeding Operation

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	Model CAFO Regulatory System - Resources - Factory Farms - Sierra Club
		"Animal Waste Management Plan" (AWMP) means a written plan that includes a combination of conservation and management practices designed to protect the natural resources of the state prepared by an owner or operator of a concentrated animal feeding operation as required by the Department pursuant to the provisions of Section 4 of this title.
		Concentrated animal feeding operations shall be treated as stationary air sources as defined by the federal Clean Act as amended, and by the National Ambient Air Quality Standards, and CAFO's shall be required to apply for a stationary air source permits.
		All operators and employees of a concentrated animal feeding operation involved in the operation of the waste handling system are required to undergo training and certification to the equivalency of the state municipal wastewater treatment plant, with an additional emphasis on animal waste management systems.
	www.sierraclub.org /factoryfarms/resources/model.asp (3172 words)

	IDEM - Confined Feeding Operation
		Confined feeding is the raising of animals for food, fur or recreation in lots, pens, ponds, sheds or buildings, where they are confined, fed and maintained for at least 45 days during any year, and where there is no ground cover or vegetation present over at least half of the animals’ confinement area.
		The animals raised in confined feeding operations produce manure and wastewater which is collected and stored in pits, tanks, lagoons and other storage devices.
		An application is needed for new confined feeding operations, expansions of existing confined feeding operations, and for existing animal feeding operations that must seek approval due to water quality violations.
	www.in.gov /idem/agriculture/livestock/cfo/index.html (2279 words)

	Animal Waste \| Region 9: Animal Waste Terms \| US EPA
		Animal Units (AU): A unit of measurement formerly used by EPA and USDA to measure the size of animal feeding operations.
		Concentrated Animal Feeding Operation (CAFO): An AFO that is defined or designated as a CAFO based on the number of animals at the facility and/or whether the facility discharges to waters of the United States (WUS).
		A small CAFO does not have a sufficient number of animals to qualify as a medium CAFO, and it must be designated a CAFO upon a determination that it is a significant contributor of pollutants to a WUS.
	www.epa.gov /Region9/cross_pr/animalwaste/terms.html (813 words)

	TPR94-8
		An operation which confines and feeds dairy or beef cattle for a period of 20 days, moves them to a pasture or other facility for a period of time and then returns the dairy or beef cattle to the feedlot for an additional 25 consecutive days does not qualify for the exemption.
		Concentrated animal feeding operations are those operations which confine and feed dairy and beef cattle for 45 consecutive days in any 12 month period in a lot or facility where crops, vegetation forage growth or post-harvest residues are not grown during the normal growing season.
		The sale of animal feed by a concentrated animal feeding operation to a person or persons who raise livestock or poultry for commercial production or who raise the livestock or poultry for the production of livestock or poultry products is subject to transaction privilege tax under the animal feed classification.
	www.azdor.gov /ResearchStats/rulings/tpr94-8.htm (1913 words)

	Livestock Feeders: Anticipate. Adopt a Nutrient Management Plan
		Animal Feeding Operation, is a lot or facility where animals are confined and fed for 45 days or more in any 12-month period, and no crops, vegetation, forage growth or post-harvest residues are sustained.
		Concentrated Animal Feeding Operation, is an animal feeding operation that contains more than 1,000 animal units, or that contains between 300 and 999 animal units and a discharge occurs through a man-made conveyance; or where pollutants are discharged directly into state waters that originated outside the facility and passed over, across or through the facility.
		The only such operation that requires a license or permit is a concentrated animal feeding operation, which is considered a "point source" of pollution.
	www.montana.edu /wwwpb/ag/surberwq.html (702 words)

	SIERRA CLUB GUIDANCE: METHANE DIGESTERS AND CONCENTRATED ANIMAL FEEDING OPERATION (CAFO ) WASTE
		CAFO waste streams are so large and contaminated that methane digesters mitigate only a small fraction of their environmental damage.
		Small farms which utilize land sufficient to support the number of animals being raised can be operated so that the land, air, and water are not degraded and the waste can be recycled into the soil rather than accumulating and decomposing via the methane-generating anaerobic process.
		CAFO waste lagoons and landfills release heat, a waste of thermal energy and methane, a waste of chemical energy.
	motherlode.sierraclub.org /MethaneDigestersSIERRACLUBGUIDANCE.htm (1932 words)

	OSCN Found Document:License Required
		No animal feeding operation which voluntarily obtains a license pursuant to the Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations Act shall be considered to be a concentrated animal feeding operation unless the operation meets the definition of concentrated animal feeding operation.
		Any animal feeding operation may be designated as a concentrated animal feeding operation if it is determined to be a significant contributor of pollution to the waters of the state.
		Should the Department determine that the operation is a concentrated animal feeding operation, the Department shall notify the operation of such determination and of an opportunity for the owner or operator of the facility to request an administrative hearing on the issue.
	www.oscn.net /applications/oscn/DeliverDocument.asp?citeid=74912 (679 words)

	HB1207 - CONCENTRATED ANIMAL FEEDING OPERATIONS - Tate, Phil
		The owner of each Class IA concentrated animal feeding operation is to annually remit to the fund 10 cents per animal unit permitted per year, for a period of 10 years.
		The owner of each Class IA concentrated animal feeding operation is to remit to the fund 10 cents per animal unit permitted, on a yearly basis for a period of 10 years.
		The owner or operator of each class 1A concentrated animal feeding operation is to remit to the Department of Revenue, on a monthly basis, a fee to be determined by the Department of Agriculture and not to exceed 2 cents per animal berthed, processed, or sold by the operation.
	www.house.state.mo.us /bills96/bills96/HB1207.htm (2375 words)

	Morales Letter Opinion No. 97-085
		CAFO facilities, as defined in the TNRCC rules, required to submit an application, may not start operation without receiving authorization or permit under the rules.
		The term "air pollution" means the presence of contaminants in such concentration and duration as to: (A) be injurious to or adversely affect human health or welfare, animal life, vegetation, or property; or, (B) interfere with normal use or enjoyment of animal life, vegetation, or property.
		In addition to the TNRCC permit, a CAFO facility may be required to obtain coverage under a general, federal permit.
	www.oag.state.tx.us /opinions/lo48morales/lo97-085.htm (2263 words)

	HOUSE BILL NO. 306 - Animal feeding operation, regulatn
		In 40 order to expand, a concentrated animal feeding operation or animal feeding 41 operation that becomes a concentrated animal feeding operation due to the 42 expansion must report its current size and proposed expanded size, in number 43 of animal units, to the governing board in a verified statement.
		Smaller, existing animal feeding operations are not affected by this legislation unless they expand to over one-thousand (1,000) animal units after April 1, 1999, and thereby meet the definition of a concentrated animal feeding operation.
		The legislation also defines "concentrated animal feeding operations." This definition has been adopted by the majority of states that have passed statutes addressing concentrated animal feeding operations, and the federal government.
	www3.state.id.us /oasis/1999/H0306.html (1030 words)

	Title 130 Chapter 1
		Two or more animal feeding operations under common ownership are deemed to be a single animal feeding operation if they are adjacent to each other or if they utilize a common area or system for the disposal of livestock waste.
		Defined as a medium concentrated animal feeding operation because of size and because animals are in direct contact with waters of the State or waste is discharged to waters of the state through a man-made conduit; or
		General permits are limited to the same or similar types of animal feeding operations or livestock waste control facilities which require the same or similar monitoring and, in the opinion of the director, are more appropriately controlled under a general permit than an individual permit.
	www.deq.state.ne.us /RuleAndR.nsf/Pages/130-Ch-1 (2072 words)

	Concentrated Animal Feeding Operation - Question and Answer Page
		An AFO is a lot or facility where animals have been, are, or will be stabled or confined and fed or maintained for a total of at least 45 days in any 12-month period, and the animal confinement area does not sustain crops, vegetation, forage growth, or post-harvest residues in the normal growing season.
		An unpermitted CAFO with a retention structure that is designed, built, and maintained to contain process wastewater and the runoff from a 25-year, 24-hour storm event is not protected from liability under the CWA in the event of a discharge due to smaller storm events.
		Examples of factors that could cause problems include: changes in the animal population or expansion of the facility after completion of design or construction; containment lagoons filling in thereby reducing their capacity; and not having adequate pumping schedules to reduce retention structure volume after minor storms in order to maintain capacity for subsequent storms.
	www.nmenv.state.nm.us /swqb/cafoq_a.html (4839 words)

	ADEQ: Permits: Concentrated Animal Feeding Operation Program (CAFO)
		Animal feeding operations are agricultural facilities that confine feeding activities, thus concentrating animal populations and manure.
		Under the new rule all CAFOs are required to apply for a permit, submit an annual report and develop and follow a plan for handling manure and wastewater.
		To obtain authorization under the CAFO general permit, the operator must comply with all the requirements of the general permit and submit a Notice of Intent (NOI) in accordance with Part II of the general permit.
	www.azdeq.gov /environ/water/permits/cafo.html (1160 words)

	Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs): Home \| CDC HSB
		CAFOs are agricultural facilities that house and feed a large number of animals in a confined area for 45 days or more during any 12-month period.
		CDC is conducting studies to determine whether substances discharged from CAFOs affect human health...
		Antimicrobial residues in animal waste and water resources proximal to large-scale swine and poultry feeding operations.
	www.cdc.gov /cafos/default.htm (281 words)

	Concentrated animal feeding operation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In agriculture, a Concentrated Animal Feeding Operation (CAFO) (also known as "factory farming") is a farm that raises livestock and seeks to maximize production by making highly efficient use of space and other resources.
		Operating a CAFO is sometimes referred to as factory farming, though the term is now officially used to recognize most commercial animal growing operations, even those that are quite small.
		The distinctive characteristics of a CAFO is the confinement of livestock in a given space.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Concentrated_animal_feeding_operation (578 words)

	AFOs and CAFOs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Operations that are defined as Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs) pursuant to 401 KAR 5:060, Section 10, are required to obtain a Kentucky Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (KPDES) permit.
		Concentrated Animal Feeding Operation -- In addition to the AFO definition above, (1) there are more than 300 animal units confined and there is a discharge to the waters of the commonwealth, or (2) there are more than 1,000 animal units confined.
		CAFOs that the division director has determined may be contributing now or could be contributing in the future to a violation of a water quality standard or to the impairment of a 303(d)-listed basin.
	www.water.ky.gov /permitting/wastewaterpermitting/KPDES/cafo/default.htm (1050 words)

	PA Bulletin, Doc. No. 04-1473
		Third, the approximately 800 ''concentrated animal operations'' (many of which are also CAFOs) regulated under Chapter 83 based on their concentration of animals (as opposed to their absolute numbers of animals) must meet a series of requirements related to nutrient management.
		Operations which are required to or volunteer to submit nutrient management plans shall comply with the nutrient management regulations in Chapter 83 (relating to State Conservation Commission).
		It is unlawful for agricultural operations to discharge pollutants to waters of this Commonwealth except as allowed by regulations or a permit administered by the Department.
	www.pabulletin.com /secure/data/vol34/34-32/1473.html (6079 words)

	Massachusetts Department of Agricultural Resources
		For a facility to be a Concentrated Animal Feeding Operation (CAFO) it must first meet the definition for an AFO.
		Animals are confined for a 45 day period and the operation meets any of the animal thresholds in Table 2 (right), and the facility meets one or both of the following discharge criteria
		The NMP is intended to limit the CAFO's impact on surface water and must describe how the operation will manage nutrients and waste in terms of storage, management of dead animals, clean water management, excluding animals from water, chemical handling, runoff, testing, land application, record keeping.
	www.mass.gov /agr/cafo/cafo2def.htm (1024 words)

	EPA Animal Feeding Operations - Office of Wastewater Management
		Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs) are point sources, as defined by the CWA [Section 502(14)].
		Animal Feeding Operations (AFOs) are agricultural operations where animals are kept and raised in confined situations.
		Animal waste and wastewater can enter water bodies from spills or breaks of waste storage structures (due to accidents or excessive rain), and non-agricultural application of manure to crop land.
	cfpub.epa.gov /npdes/home.cfm?program_id=7 (641 words)

	EPA Announces New Concentrated Animal Feeding Operation (CAFO) Rules
		If the number of animals falls in the medium range, it may be defined as a CAFO if the operation: (1) has a man-made conveyance carrying manure or wastewater to surface water, or (2) animals come into contact with surface water passing through the confinement area.
		CAFO management must develop and implement nutrient management plans, but such plans are not required to be prepared by a certified nutrient management planner.
		CAFO size thresholds are specific for each type of animal, but if an AFO is defined or designated as a CAFO, regulations will apply to all animals on the farm.
	www.ext.vt.edu /news/periodicals/fmu/2003-02/epa.html (1171 words)

	NYSDEC - Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs)
		CAFO General Permit, (GP-04-02) (PDF, 187 kb) - State Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (SPDES) General Permit for Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs).
		This form is to be submitted to the Department by the owner or operator of a CAFO which is authorized to operate under General SPDES Permit GP-04-02, if the operation is to be terminated.
		In December 2002, the Clean Water Act was revised to change the animal thresholds over which an Animal Feeding Operation (AFO) is defined as a Medium CAFO, thereby changing which operations need discharge authorization by the CAFO General SPDES Permit (GP-04-02).
	www.dec.state.ny.us /website/dow/cafohome.html (776 words)

	feedlot permit
		The animal feeding operation requirements in South Dakota are based on a federal law passed by Congress in 1972.
		Congress said that animal feeding operations were considered a point source.
		A CAFO is a lot or facility that stables or confines and feeds or maintains animals for a total of 45 days or more in any 12-month period and meets the following criteria for a large, medium, or small concentrated animal feeding operation:
	www.state.sd.us /denr/ENVIRO/feedlot.htm (734 words)

	EPA - Ag Center: Animal Feeding Operations
		Animal feeding operations (AFOs) are agricultural enterprises where animals are kept and raised in confined situations.
		Feed is brought to the animals rather than the animals grazing or otherwise seeking feed in pastures, fields, or on rangeland.
		Ground Water and Ecosystems Restoration Research on CAFOs - CAFO waste releases in the eastern U.S. have prompted a closer evaluation of the environmental impact on surface waters, but a corresponding effort has not been initiated for ground waters.
	www.epa.gov /agriculture/anafoidx.html (1037 words)

	Feedlot Permit Needed
		A “Concentrated Animal Feeding Operation” is a lot or facility that stables or confines and feeds or maintains animals for a total of 45 days or more in any 12-month period and meets the following criteria for a large, medium, or small concentrated animal feeding operation:
		A small concentrated animal feeding operation as described in Table 1 and designated as a concentrated animal feeding operation by the Secretary.
		Animal feeding operation uses other than a liquid manure handling system.
	www.state.sd.us /DENR/DES/Surfacewater/feedlotPermitNeeded.htm (162 words)

	PA Bulletin, Doc. No. 05-1945
		This special provision is not applicable to CAFOs or their importers, and is not intended to affect the duty of all agricultural operations to comply with The Clean Streams Law and other provisions in Chapters 91 and 92.
		The definition of ''CAFO'' is revised to eliminate the designation of any operation as a CAFO and to delete operations with ''authorized discharges.'' These changes help to simplify the definition and eliminate objectionable broad authority to designate operations as CAFOs.
		The Federal standard, 100 foot setback or 35 foot buffer for CAFO operations, remains in the final regulation, and a parallel provision was added to § 91.36(b) for consistency.
	www.pabulletin.com /secure/data/vol35/35-43/1945.html (5422 words)

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