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Topic: Conciliarism

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	Conciliarism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In the history of Christianity, the Conciliar movement or "Conciliarism" was a reform movement in the 14th and 15th century Catholic Church which held that final authority in spiritual matters resided with the Church as corporation of Christians, embodied by a general church council, not with the pope.
		The movement emerged in response to the Avignon papacy— the popes removed from Rome and subject to pressures from the kings of France— and the ensuing schism that inspired the summoning of the Council of Pisa (1409) and the Council of Constance (1414-1418).
		The eventual victor in the conflict was the institution of the Papacy, confirmed by the condemnation of conciliarism at the Fifth Lateran Council, 1512-17.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Conciliarism (219 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Conciliar movement (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		While not involved in the Conciliar movement of the 14th and 15th centuries, the Eastern Orthodox Church generally agrees with the conciliarists that final authority resides with the church councils rather than with the pope.
		The movement emerged in response to the Avignon papacy— the popes removed from Rome and subject to pressures from the kings of France— and the ensuing schism that inspired the summoning of the Council of Constance (1414-1418).
		Conciliarism proper, the theory that the supreme judicial organ of the Church of Jesus Christ is the General Council (of the whole Church, East and West), is a very old ecclesiological theory in Christendom, advocated by as many notable figures as the other great Western theory, papalism.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Conciliar-movement (563 words)

	conciliarism - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about conciliarism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Conciliarism provided justification for the increasingly radical acts of the Councils, in particular that at Basel (1431–49).
		At Basel, the claims of conciliar theory were stretched further: some of this generation, including Nicholas of Cusa, Juan de Segovia, and Panormitanus, argued that General Councils could convene themselves and could take over functions which, as they put it, had been delegated to the papacy.
		Conciliarism, however, was not a single worked-out doctrine; there were differences between the various theorists on issues such as the source of ecclesiastical authority and the balance of authority between pope and council.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /Conciliarism (548 words)

	Conciliarism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The movement emerged in response to the Avignon papacy— the popes removed from Rome and subject to pressures from the kings of France— and the ensuing Great Schism that inspired the summoning of the Council of Constance (1414-1418).
		The final gesture however, the doctrine of Papal Infallibility, was not promulgated until 1870.
		The word "Conciliarism" is used when subtexts of heterodoxy or heresy are to be subtly emphasized, and aspects of structural reform within the Roman church are to be downplayed.
	www.encyclopedia-online.info /Conciliar_movement (243 words)

	Conciliar movement (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		In the history of Christianity, theConciliar movement or "Conciliarism" was a reform movement in the 14th and 15th century Catholic Church that held that final authority in spiritual matters residedwith a general church council, not with the pope.
		The movement emerged in response to the Avignon papacy —; the popes removed from Rome and subject to pressures from the kings of France — and the ensuing GreatSchism that inspired the summoning of the Council ofConstance (1414 - 1418).
		The word "Conciliarism" is used when subtexts of heterodoxy or heresy are to besubtly emphasized, and aspects of structural reform within the Roman church are to be downplayed.
	www.therfcc.org /conciliar-movement-97018.html (226 words)

	Ultramontanism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Within the Roman Catholic Church, Ultramontanism achieved victory over conciliarism at the First Vatican Council with the pronouncement of papal infallibility (the ability of the pope to define dogmas in certain circumstances) and of the supreme universal and immediate episcopal jurisdiction of the Roman Pope.
		With the resolution of the question of papal authority in the Roman Catholic Church, the Ultramontanist movement, and the opposing conciliarism, became obsolete to a large extent.
		Some extreme tendencies of a small portion adherents to Ultramontanism however, especially those attributing to the Roman Pontiff, even in his private opinions, absolute authority and virtual impeccability survived and were eagerly used by opponents of the Roman Catholic Church and papacy before the Second Vatican Council (1962-1965) for use in their propaganda.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ultramontanism (606 words)

	The Council of Trent - Dr. Herbert Samworth
		Conciliarism, as a reforming movement, had reached its high water mark at the Council of Constance, 1414-18, where the decrees of Sacrosancta and Frequens had been enacted.
		Despite the passing of these decrees, the Popes of the 15th century had managed to outmaneuver the Conciliar Movement and, by the time of the beginning of the 16th century, it no longer held a position of influence in the Church.
		While the theory of Conciliarism failed in not giving the Scriptures the supreme authority in the Church, the movement, nevertheless, sought to implement the principle that there is wisdom in a number of counselors.
	www.solagroup.org /articles/historyofthebible/hotb_0010.html (2664 words)

	The Importance of Sobornopravnist in Church Government (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Conciliarity is the key to unlocking the wisdom of the New Testament Church and Orthodoxy.
		Conciliarity was very much in evidence when the Apostolic Council was held in Jerusalem with James the Just presiding, the issue being whether the Gentiles needed to be circumcised after the Law of Moses; otherwise, they could not be saved.
		This concept of Orthodoxy is consistent with and follows the conciliar truths of Orthodoxy as confirmed by the First Seven Ecumenical Councils and the Holy Fathers and as accepted by the true church through the ages.
	www.uaoc.org /conciliarism.html (3902 words)

	PAPAL PRIMACY AND THE COUNCIL OF NICAEA (This Rock: June 1997)
		Conciliarism is the hallmark of Eastern Orthodox ecclesiology.
		The fact is, Eastern conciliarism is a substitute for universal papal jurisdiction.
		Instead, the ultimate ecclesial authority was "the conciliar agreement of the episcopate." The facts are otherwise.
	www.catholic.com /thisrock/1997/9706eaw.asp (2270 words)

	Bloomsbury.com - Research centre
		The internal struggle between conciliarism and papalism represented reformist challenges to the church's authority.
		Conciliarism emerged as a means of solving the Great Schism in the early 15th century.
		The new theology was a recognition of the declining acceptance of Catholicism's legitimacy as the universal Christian church.
	www.bloomsbury.com /ARC/detail.asp?EntryID=101935&bid=2 (589 words)

	FT April 2005: Articles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		On the contrary, I use the term “conciliarism” to mean not a theological movement but a style of ecclesiastical polity in which bishops find it helpful and effective to exercise their apostolic office as a group, and not only as individual diocesan bishops.
		The American conciliar tradition would be dramatically expanded, and its focus shifted, during World War I. The main force behind the change was the Paulist editor of the Catholic World, John Burke, who had long argued for a national outlook and sense of unity among the country’s Catholics.
		These two decades were the heyday of American conciliarism, with the actions of the national conference considered normative for the dioceses of the country, and with the conference almost completely eclipsing the agenda of individual bishops.
	www.firstthings.com /ftissues/ft0504/articles/dolan.html (3575 words)

	Conciliarism - Definition up Erdmond.Com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		or "Conciliarism" was a reform movement in the 14th and 15th century Catholic Church that held that final authority in spiritual matters resided with a general church council, not with the pope.
		The movement emerged in response to the Avignon_papacy— the popes removed from Rome and subject to pressures from the kings of France— and the ensuing Great Schism that inspired the summoning of the Council_of_Constance (1414-1418).
		The eventual victor in the conflict was the institution of the Papacy, though the final gesture, the doctrine of Papal_Infallibility was not promulgated until 1870.
	www.erdmond.com /Conciliarism.html (246 words)

	Communio Sanctorum » Toward a Truly catholic Theory of Authority (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Conciliarism can function with “more or less” independent local bodies (as the example of the early Church shows) but it can’t function on a radical concept of local independency—say, one which thinks of the Church as “essentially” local and really no more than a “voluntary society” of theoretically and practically autonomous individuals.
		I favor a type of “confederacy” view of Church unity, and that means that while the local bodies have their own proper spheres of operation in which the higher bodies should not interfere, at some point the local bodies must give deference to the higher bodies.
		I agree with scholars like Brian Tierney that the Conciliar Movement of the 15th century had tried to correct a lot of the problems in the episcopacy (especially its acknowledged head at the time, the papacy), but because it failed the Reformation became necessary.
	www.communiosanctorum.com /?p=29 (1539 words)

	Conciliarism - TheBestLinks.com - Conciliar movement, Catholic Church, Council of Constance, Ecumenical council, ...
		Conciliarism - TheBestLinks.com - Conciliar movement, Catholic Church, Council of Constance, Ecumenical council,...
		Conciliar movement, Conciliarism, Catholic Church, Council of Constance...
		Secular historians tend to use the more neutral expression "Conciliar movement," which offers no such inherent connotations of being an ideologically driven.
	www.thebestlinks.com /Conciliar_movement.html (333 words)

	Conciliarism: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		(the Conciliar movement or "Conciliarism" was a reform movement in the 14th 14th century quick summary:
		The word "Conciliarism" is used when subtexts of heterodoxy or heresy heresy quick summary:
		Heresy, according to the oxford english dictionary, is a "theological or religious opinion or doctrine maintained in opposition, or held to be contrary, to the...
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/c/co/conciliarism.htm (1051 words)

	Glasgow University
		He was a strong defender of the papacy against the theories of conciliarism which were prevalent in Scotland even after the Council of Basle in 1455.
		Conciliarism was the disputed doctrine that authority within the Church was vested in General Councils rather than with the Pope.
		Bishop Turnbull was given full powers to reconcile all who had been excommunicated for adhering to the Council of Basle, with the exception of Scots abroad.
	www.rcag.org.uk /archives/H5.htm (651 words)

	General Council of the Church - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about General Council of the Church
		At the turn of the 15th century there were two pressing needs for a General Council: to resolve the Great Schism (the period of rival popes with seats in Rome and Avignon) and to deal with the new threat of the Hussite heresy.
		At the same time, the problems of the papacy raised questions about the institution itself: conciliarism, advocating the supremacy of General Councils, challenged the pope's authority.
		There was a tension, then, between the Catholic Church's need to appoint a single pope through a General Council and the inevitable concern of the elected pope to avoid further Councils and their conciliarist threat.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /General+Council+of+the+Church (490 words)

	Basel, Council of. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		The Council of Constance had seen the rise of the conciliar theory, the doctrine that the ultimate authority in the church rests upon the general council, to which the pope must be subject.
		The continual assertion of the conciliar supremacy led to the institution of a process against the pope for disobedience and ultimately to the papal denunciation of the council in the bull Doctoris gentium (1437).
		The German king Frederick III (who was later crowned Holy Roman emperor) remained neutral, but in 1448 his pressure on the city forced the delegates to retire to Lausanne.
	www.bartleby.com /65/ba/Basel-Co.html (568 words)

	Archdiocese of Milwaukee - Bishops: Resources - 2004 Erasmus Lecture, sponsored by the Institute on Religion and Public ...
		Yes, conciliarism worked famously among American bishops, but that does not mean everybody was always aboard, nor that some did not resent what they viewed as an unwelcome intrusion into the traditional view that Church authority meant pastor, bishops, and pope, with no meddlesome national structure in between.
		It is fair to say that these two decades were the heyday of American conciliarism, with the actions of the national conference considered normative for the dioceses of the country, and with the conference almost completely eclipsing the agenda of individual bishops.
		These were heady days of American episcopal conciliarism, leading to the frequent observation that our bishops felt any problem in Church or the world could be solved by the establishment of a committee, the issuance of a statement, and the decision to have a national second collection.
	www.archmil.org /bishops/ShowResource.asp?ID=1531 (4875 words)

	Reflections on Medieval Ecclesiology <Fallibilist Conciliarism?> (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Conciliar infallibility is just as firmly entrenched in Christian and "Roman" (also Orthodox) Tradition as papal infallibility.
		Conciliar infallibility is a rather clear biblical teaching.
		I have not seen any conciliar decrees which declared that councils are entirely fallible.
	ic.net /~erasmus/RAZ358.HTM (1551 words)

	Bishop Williamson's Letters: Two Rumours - and More to Come?
		The Conciliarists owe it to their new faith to root out and destroy the old Faith, while Catholics are in duty bound to refuse and to condemn the false new religion with all its pomps and all its works.
		But if it could, then the SSPX would only rejoice that the free use of the true rite of Mass would mean a steadily increasing flow of grace throughout the Church, as priests realized what a treasure had been put back in their hands.
		The special insidiousness of Conciliarism by its apparent resemblance to Catholicism will be a main object of study in the Men's Doctrinal Session to be held at Winona this summer from Tuesday, July 22, to Saturday, July 26 (I apologize for a mistake over these dates in the last retreats flyer).
	www.sspx.ca /Documents/Bishop-Williamson/May5-2003.htm (1521 words)

	Gallicanism
		Conciliarism, an early form of Gallicanism, was the attempt to patch up the breach between the opposing factions in the Catholic Church.
		The Council of Constance (1414-18) adopted conciliarism as a stance, hoping that it would permit the election of a pope acceptable to both Catholic factions.
		He declared that papal decisions could be reversed until they were ratified by the whole church, and he advocated faithfulness to the traditions of the Church of France (significantly, not the Church of Rome).
	www.mb-soft.com /believe/txn/gallican.htm (909 words)

	Encyclopedia: The Conciliar Movement (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		John of Paris and William Durandus the Younger, the leaders of the soon to be full-fledged Conciliar Movement were not slack in their own reformist writings.
		Referring directly to these reiterations of Constance the distinguished theologian (and later, cardinal) Nicholas of Cusa, a moderate and immensely influential Conciliar theorist, noted that the pope was not empowered to dissolve, transfer, or resist the Council.
		However, despite the superficial apperance that Conciliarism had been defeated, for the next eighty years popes found it necessary to fulminate against the Conciliar theory, for they were consistently reminded of it by various opponents.
	www.societaschristiana.com /sketches/C/ConciliarMovement.html (2134 words)

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