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Topic: Concurrent programming language

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Programming language

Educational programming language

Declarative programming language

Concatenative programming language

Dynamic programming language

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	Programming language - Wikipédia
		Most languages that are widely used, or have been used for a considerable period of time, have standardization bodies that meet regularly to create and publish formal definitions of the language, and discuss extending or supplementing the already extant definitions.
		Type-inferred languages superficially treat all data as not having a type, but actually do sophisticated analysis of the way the program uses the data to determine which elementary operations are performed on the data, and therefore deduce what type the variables have at compile-time.
		Programming languages are not error tolerant; however, the burden of recognising and using the special vocabulary is reduced by help messages generated by the programming language implementation.
	su.wikipedia.org /wiki/Programming_language (1603 words)

	Concurrent programming language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Concurrent programming languages are programming languages that use language constructs for concurrency.
		This style of concurrent programming usually requires the application of some form of locking (e.g., mutexes, semaphores, or monitors) to coordinate between threads.
		Today the most commonly used programming lanuages with specific constructs for concurrency are Java and C# with their multi-threading and locking.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Concurrent_programming_language (483 words)

	Tempo: a declarative concurrent programming language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Unfortunately, even "declarative" languages tend to resort to imperative ("non-logical") features for some purposes, particularly for interaction with their environment, e.g., I/O. This is perhaps especially true in concurrent programming, where a lot of programming effort goes into ensuring that processes correctly interact with each other.
		Concurrent logic programming languages (e.g., Parlog, KL1, etc.) are declarative in the sense that a program explicitly describes the final result (if any) that it computes.
		It improves on traditional concurrent logic programming languages in that a program can explicitly specify its safety properties, not just the final result computed (which is a special case of a safety property).
	www.cs.bris.ac.uk /~steve/research/projects/tempo.html (300 words)

	Programming language
		A primary purpose of programming languages is to enable programmers to express their intent for a computation more easily than they could with a lower-level language or machine code.
		Understanding programming languages is crucial for those engaged in computer science because today, all types of computation are done with computer languages.
		There are many special purpose languages, for use in special situations: PHP is a scripting language that is especially suited for Web development; Perl is suitable for text manipulation; the C language has been widely used for development of operating systems and compilers (so-called system programming).
	www.php-include.com /Programming-language.php (1954 words)

	Designing a Concurrent Programming Language - Ueda (ResearchIndex) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		GHC was born from a study of parallelism in logic programming, but turned out to be a simple and flexible concurrent programming language with a number of nice properties.
		is a simple concurrent logic language born from the research on parallelism in logic programming.
		3 Programming Language Doc and Its Self-Description or (context) - Hirata - 1986
	citeseer.ist.psu.edu /ueda90designing.html (654 words)

	Concurrent programming language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Concurrent programming languages are programming languages that use language constructs for Concurrency (computer science).
		With some languages communication between concurrent parts of an application is hidden from the programmer (e.g.
		Today the most commonly used programming lanuages with specific constructs for concurrency are Java programming language and C sharp with their multi-threading and locking.
	www.1stcustomsoftware.com /Concurrent_programming_language-517.html (617 words)

	LtU Classic Archives
		ToonTalk is an interpreter for a concurrent constraint programming language.
		Concurrent constraint programming is a synthesis of concurrent logic programming and constraint logic programming.
		Programming is complicated when you are not able to use all the natural concepts for a problem.
	lambda-the-ultimate.org /classic/message12609.html (590 words)

	Biography
		Per Brinch Hansen is one of a handful of computer pioneers who was responsible for advancing both operating systems development and concurrent programming from ad hoc techniques to systematic engineering disciplines.
		His work illustrates a relentless search for simplicity exemplified by the RC 4000 multiprogramming system, the monitor concept, and the programming language Concurrent Pascal.
		The Solo operating system, written in Concurrent Pascal, demonstrated that it is possible to write simple operating systems in a secure programming language without machine-dependent features.
	web.syr.edu /~pbhansen/html/biography.html (522 words)

	Tempo: a declarative concurrent programming language
		It improves on traditional concurrent logic programming languages (e.g., Parlog) by explicitly specifying aspects of the behaviour of concurrent programs, namely their safety properties.
		The language has a procedural interpretation that allows the specification to be executed, also concurrently.
		Tempo is sufficiently high-level to simulate practical concurrent programming paradigms, and can act as a common framework in which algorithms for a variety of paradigms may be expressed, compared, and manipulated.
	www.cs.bris.ac.uk /Publications/pub_info.jsp?id=1000070 (136 words)

	Open Directory - Computers: Programming: Languages: Comparison and Review (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The Computer Language Shootout Benchmarks - Performance measurements and source code for ~25 benchmark programs in ~25 languages; with side-by-side comparisons for any 2 programming languages, and an interactive weighted ranking for all the languages.
		Programming language benchmarks - Benchmark of the same program in some recent languages aims to support language choice decision for implementing computation-intensive web apps.
		Programming Languages Table - Table showing the approximate number of logical source statements (not physical lines of code) that roughly correlate with a single function point.
	dmoz.org /Computers/Programming/Languages/Comparison_and_Review (1950 words)

	pRETS: A parallel Reverse Engineering ToolSet
		Strand, a concurrent logic programming language based on Edinburgh Prolog, is intended to exploit concurrency in both parallel and distributed environments, while offering portability across a variety of platforms and topologies.
		Early attempts at implementing and applying concurrent logic programming languages, while providing a convenient method for specifying algorithms, proved to be too complex, inefficient and difficult to implement on parallel architectures.
		Strand programs run on the Strand Abstract Machine (the SAM), which itself is a program written in C and easily ported from system to system.
	www.cs.pdx.edu /~warren/Papers/pRETS.htm (4053 words)

	The linear concurrent constraint programming language Euler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		We present a simple applied linear concurrent constraint programming (lcc) language, Euler, intended primarily for graph rewriting applications, as in formal molecular biology.
		The language permits set-forming operations in its term language, and the checking of (in-)equality constraints, but does not allow the imposition of equality constraints.
		The operational semantics of the language is specified by the general lcc framework, specialized to permit reasoning about additional operations.
	www.saraswat.org /euler.html (157 words)

	Concurrent Constraint Programming (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Concurrent constraint programming arose as a synthesis of the ideas of concurrent logic programming and constraint logic programming.
		The basic idea is due to Michael Maher, who suggested that the synchronization primitive in a specific concurrent logic programming language (ALPS) could be understood in terms of general semantic notions of entailment.
		My thesis Concurrent Constraint Programming developed these ideas further, isolating the notion of store-as-constraint with the primitive operations of ask and tell to build up calculii for concurrency.
	www.cse.psu.edu /~saraswat/ccp.html (131 words)

	The SR Programming Language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		It has been used in concurrent programming courses to reinforce concepts with small programming projects and with larger projects such as experiments with parallel algorithms, replicated databases, distributed simulations, and parts of distributed operating systems such as file systems and command interpreters.
		SR has also been used as a tool in several masters theses and doctoral dissertations to conduct experiments in parallel and distributed programming and to implement larger systems such as a system for mixed language programming, one for distributed implementation of graph algorithms, experiments with load balancing algorithms, and experiments with upcall program structures.
		SR is the predecessor to the MPD programming language, which provides the same capabilities using the syntax described in
	www.cs.arizona.edu /sr (208 words)

	The concurrent functional programming language Erlang - An Overview - Sahlin (ResearchIndex) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Abstract: The concurrent functional programming language Erlang is now enjoying a more and more widespread use both within Ericsson Telecom, where it was developed, and also outside the company in industry and academia.
		Keywords functional programming, concurrent programming, telecom 1 The development of Erlang Erlang is the result of a consistent...
		Erlang is a dynamically typed, single assignment language which uses pattern matching for variable binding and function...
	citeseer.ist.psu.edu /30111.html (431 words)

	Java Programming Language
		The Java Programming Language is a general-purpose, concurrent, strongly typed, class-based object-oriented language.
		This leads to a "declarative" programming style where the programmer says what should be done and tools emit the code to do it.
		Evaluating assertions at runtime to confirm their validity is one of the most powerful tools for improving code quality, as it quickly uncovers the programmer's misconceptions concerning a program's behavior.
	java.sun.com /j2se/1.5.0/docs/guide/language (457 words)

	Theory Seminar, P.Sewell, 97 06 27 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		In this work I consider an example application of the pi-calculus, the programming language Pict of Pierce and Turner, primarily in order to see how far it is possible to argue, from facts about the application, that some model is the most appropriate.
		An operational model can be given, reflecting this discussion, of the interactions between a Pict implementation (considered as the abstract behaviour of a C program) and its environment (modelling an operating system and user).
		This leads to definitions of a class of abstract machines and abstract machine correctness, using an adapted notion of testing, and to a proof that a sample abstract machine is indeed correct.
	www.cl.cam.ac.uk /Research/TSG/Seminars/PSewell2.html (223 words)

	Amazon.com: Books: Concurrent Programming in Erlang (2nd Edition) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Concurrent Programming in ML by John H. Reppy
		Erlang is a concurrent, functional programming language designed for programming large industrial real time systems.
		Functions are written as a set of recursion equations and the language has explicit concurrency and asynchronous message passing.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/013508301X?v=glance (562 words)

	The Pict Programming Language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		We are pleased to announce a new public release of Pict, a concurrent programming language based on the pi-calculus.
		Pict is a language in the ML tradition, formed by adding a layer of convenient syntactic sugar and a static type system to a tiny core.
		The core language - an asynchronous variant of Milner, Parrow, and Walker's pi-calculus - has been used as a theoretical foundation for a broad class of concurrent computations.
	www.cis.upenn.edu /~bcpierce/papers/pict/Html/Pict.html (276 words)

	CTO : Janus
		Janus is an instance of a concurrent constraints programming language due to Saraswat et al.: these languages are an elegant generalization of concurrent logic programming languages and constraint logic programming languages.
		The computational paradigm is one where a set of concurrently executing agents interact with each other via a shared store by adding constraints to the store and checking constraints against the store.
		A central idea is to maintain a close connection between the logical and operational semantics of programs by using logical entailment for synchronization purposes.
	cliki.tunes.org /Janus (155 words)

	Foundations of Distributed Languages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The use of the Pi-calculus as the foundation for the concurrent programming language Pict is discussed in
		Pict: A Programming Language Based on the Pi-Calculus, Benjamin C. Pierce and David N. Turner.
		On Implementations and Semantics of a Concurrent Programming Language.
	www.cl.cam.ac.uk /~pes20/mathfit.html (286 words)

	Programming Tutorials - Books : Concurrent Programming: The Java Programming Language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Concurrent Programming shows readers how to utilize the Java programming language to write programs that use semaphores, monitors, message passing, remote procedure calls, and the rendezvous for thread synchronization and communication.
		The text regularly refers to "Class 2.5" or "Listing 3.4" (for example) yet none of the code listings are labeled, and may not be on the same page.
		He writes "The best way to debug a Java program is with the System.out.println statement, as is the case with any high-level programming language." Inexcusable language for a professor in computer science.
	www.programmertutorials.com /ItemId/0195113152 (325 words)

	The MPD Programming Language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		MPD is a new programming language that has a syntax very close to the one used in the book
		These words also capture a distinguishing aspect of the language, namely that it supports all three of these concurrent programming techniques.
		MPD is implemented as a variant of the SR programming language.
	www.cs.arizona.edu /mpd (174 words)

	Concurrent Programming Using the Java Language
		This is an introduction to using the Java programming language in concurrent or multithreaded applications.
		The context is the process synchronization material and related concurrent programming in operating systems courses as opposed to software engineering.
		These example programs were developed and tested using Sun Microsystem's JDK version 1.0.2 and 1.1 for Solaris 2.x and Windows 95/NT (1996--97).
	cricket.cs.drexel.edu /~shartley/ConcProgJava (348 words)

	Lyric Concurrent Programming Language
		Lyric is a concurrent programming language, which is under development at Myricom for use on multicomputers based on Myricom's LANai chipset.
		While every effort is being made to provide prototype software and documentation consistent with the future versions of lyric, the prototype software and documentation provided here are subject to change without notice.
		This prototype system should not be used to evaluate the performance of the runtime system, as the runtime system message building overhead will drop by orders of magnitude once we have completed all of the compiler modifications to support lyric directly.
	www.myri.com /lyric (477 words)

	Concurrent Programming Using the Java Language
		In February 1998, Oxford University Press published Concurrent Programming: The Java Programming Language, ISBN 0-19-511315-2, by Stephen J. Hartley of Drexel University.
		In particular, it can be used by instructors as the concurrency platform in operating systems and related courses to give students practice and experience in concurrent programming.
		Java programs that use semaphores and monitors are shown as examples.
	www.mcs.drexel.edu /~shartley/ConcProgJava/bookInfo.html (393 words)

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