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Topic: Condorcet method

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Condorcet voting

Cardinal Ratings

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Smith set

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Condorcet criterion

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	Condorcet method - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Condorcet is sometimes used to indicate the family of Condorcet methods as a whole.
		However, a Condorcet winner may not exist, due to a fundamental paradox: It is possible for the electorate to prefer A over B, B over C, and C over A simultaneously.
		Condorcet methods tend to encourage the selection of centrist candidates who appeal to the median voter.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Condorcet_method (2420 words)

	Condorcet method (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The name comes from a deviser, the 18th century mathematician and philosopher Marquis de Condorcet, although the method was previously devised by Ramon Llull in the 13th century.
		Only an explicit Condorcet based method will comply with the Condorcet criterion so that if there is a Condorcet winner (a candidate who, when compared in turn with each of the other candidates, is preferred over the other candidate) then that individual is selected.
		Condorcet methods tend to encourage the selection of centrist candidates who may have a low level of "first choice" support, but a high level of "middle rank" support, especially if the voting system encourages all candidates to adjust their position to appeal to the median voter.
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/Condorcet_voting (2180 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Any voting system which chooses the Condorcet winner when it exists is known as a Condorcet method, after its deviser, the 18th century mathematician and philosopher Marquis de Condorcet, although it appears that the method was already thought up by Ramon Llull in the 13th century.
		Condorcet is partly a class of voting systems, and partly a school of thought regarding single-winner preference electoral systems.
		One method chooses the candidate whose strongest pair wise defeat is the weakest of all candidates.
	www.informationgenius.com /encyclopedia/c/co/condorcet_method.html (895 words)

	Encyclopedia: Condorcet method (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Copelands method is a Condorcet method in which the winner is determined by finding the candidate with the most pairwise victories.
		The Schulze method resolves votes as follows: The Schulze method is a voting system developed in 1997 by Markus Schulze that selects a single winner using votes that express preferences.
		Politics is the process and method of gaining or maintaining support for public or common action: the conduct of decision-making for groups.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Condorcet_method (3790 words)

	Condorcet method (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Condorcet Winner of an election is the candidate who, when compared in turn with each of the other candidates, is preferred over the other candidate.
		Any voting system which chooses the Condorcet Winner when it exists is known as a Condorcet method, after its deviser, the 18th century mathematician and philosopher Marquis de Condorcet, although the method was previously devised by Ramon Llull in the 13th century.
		If there is a Condorcet Winner (a candidate who, when compared in turn with each of the other candidates, is preferred over the other candidate), many argue that that candidate should be selected by the voting system as the (sole) winner.
	www.encyclopedia-1.com /c/co/condorcet_method.html (1670 words)

	Condorcet's Method (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Condorcet's method is a pairwise election system where ranked ballots are used to simulate many head-to-head elections.
		Condorcet's method is one of several pairwise methods, which are great methods for electing people in single-seat elections (president, governor, mayor, etc.).
		Condorcet's method lets voters mark their sincere wishes for who they would like to win the election, without having to consider strategy ("I'd vote for Candidate B, but I'm afraid of wasting my vote.").
	robla.net /1996/politics/condorcet.html (972 words)

	Condorcet method -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Any election method conforming to the (Click link for more info and facts about Condorcet criterion) Condorcet criterion is known as a Condorcet method.
		However, a (Click link for more info and facts about Condorcet winner) Condorcet winner may not exist, due to a fundamental ((logic) a self-contradiction) paradox: It is possible for the electorate to prefer A over B, B over C, and C over A simultaneously.
		Only an explicit Condorcet based method will comply with the (Click link for more info and facts about Condorcet criterion) Condorcet criterion so that if there is a Condorcet winner (a candidate who, when compared in turn with each of the other candidates, is preferred over the other candidate) then that individual is selected.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/C/Co/Condorcet_method.htm (2362 words)

	The cardinal-weighted pairwise comparison method (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		It is based on Condorcet’s method of pairwise comparison, but in addition to asking voters to rank the candidates in order of preference, this method also asks them to rate the candidates, for example on a scale from 0 to 100.
		Equivalent to a method that drops the weakest pairwise defeat until one candidate is undefeated.
		Second, when a strong Condorcet winner exists with respect to voters’ sincere preferences, and another method chooses someone else, the result is unstable in that a majority could have achieved a mutually preferable result if some of them had voted differently.
	fc.antioch.edu /~james_green-armytage/cwp13.htm (4474 words)

	Joseph Malkevitch's Fairness and Equity Glossary
		The apportionment method in which the seats are assigned on the basis of a rounding rule that involves the harmonic mean.
		The method of deciding an election where if no candidate gets a majority all but the two candidates with the highest number of first place votes are eliminated and a new election is conducted between these two candidates.
		A method of conducting elections which when only one seat is to be filled is similar to sequential run-off, but when several seats are to be filled can used as a proportional representation method.
	www.york.cuny.edu /~malk/fairness-glossary.html (1587 words)

	Schulze method - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Because of this property, the Schulze method is (by definition) a Condorcet method.
		The Schulze method uses Condorcet pairwise matchups between the candidates and a winner is chosen in each of the matchups.
		However, the method adheres to a less strict property is sometimes called local independence from irrelevant alternatives.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cloneproof_Schwartz_Sequential_Dropping (1220 words)

	New electoral system:
		Condorcet simulates many head-to-head battles between all possible combinations of candidates, to find the candidate that is universally preferred by a majority of the electorate.
		While a Condorcet method will always pick the Condorcet candidate if there is one, (the candidate a majority prefers over all others) and all other systems will not, there may sometimes be no single Condorcet winner because of an ambiguity in the preferences of the electorate.
		One method of resolving an ambiguity is to consider the ‘Schwartz set’, which is the innermost set of candidates for which none inside the set is beaten by any candidate outside of the set.
	johnquiggin.com /wp-content/Condorcet.htm (1532 words)

	Condorcet method (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Condorcet winner of an election is the candidate who, whencompared in turn with each of the other candidates, is preferred over the other candidate.
		Any voting system which chooses the Condorcet winner when it exists isknown as a Condorcet method, after its deviser, the 18th century mathematician and philosopher Marquis de Condorcet, although the method was previously devised by Ramon Llull in the 13th century.
		Assuming that preferences are sincerely expressed and remain consistent, in a head-to-head election with only two candidates,the Condorcet winner of an election would always beat the Instant Runoff winner from the same set of ballots, provided of coursethat the Condorcet Winner exists and differs from the Instant Runoff winner.
	www.therfcc.org /condorcet-method-39730.html (1674 words)

	Ranked Pairs: Introduction
		Ranked Pairs is a method for conducting elections.
		I suggest, therefore, that the Condorcet winner is a way to extrapolate the median situation into more general election scenarios.
		The nature of a vote is that the only information that the method has to make the decision is the preferences of the voter.
	condorcet.org /rp/intro.shtml (2426 words)

	Talk:Condorcet method - InfoSearchPoint.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		There is a weaker verison of Arrow's conditions that the Condorcet method does satisfy.
		Condorcet can meet that criteria because it's only the tie-breaker that gets you in trouble, not the core method.
		(Even assuming a few favourite candidates, there's a lot of wiggleroom.) The present method of counting ballots in the poll and telephoning the tallies to the returning office cannot be adapted; the polls in such a riding could easily have dozens of numbers to call in, requiring.
	www.infosearchpoint.com /display/Talk:Condorcet_method (966 words)

	No. 1921: Arrow's Paradox
		We could view the method of voting we use today as a special case of Borda's method -- where our favorite candidate re-ceives one point and everyone else receives none.
		Condorcet, on the other hand, advocated a vote between every pair of candidates.
		The practical problem with Condorcet's method is that it may fail to produce a winner.
	www.uh.edu /engines/epi1921.htm (725 words)

	Learn more about Voting system in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Voting systems are methods (algorithms) for groups of people to select one or more options from many, taking into account the individual preferences of the group members.
		Voting is often seen as the defining feature of democracy, and is best known for its use in elections — but it can also be used to award prizes, to select between different plans of action, or as a means for computer programs to evaluate which solution is best for a complex problem.
		In ranked ballot or "preference" voting systems, like Instant-runoff voting, the Borda count, or a Condorcet method, voters rank the list of options in their prefered order.
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /v/vo/voting_system.html (801 words)

	TWO FACULTY VOTING METHODS USING VBA
		The guiding principle behind the Kerley Method is the Condorcet Criterion [1], which specifies that the candidate who wins head-to-head match-ups with all other candidates should be the winner.
		As stated in the last paragraph, the Condorcet method has never, to the author’s knowledge, missed a Condorcet winner and on that basis ought to be considered superior to the Kerley method.
		However, while the Condorcet method is available for their use, it is doubtful whether faculty at Winthrop will ever change from the Kerley method.
	faculty.winthrop.edu /morrisr/KerleyDescription.htm (1506 words)

	Electorama! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		I believe that the Condorcet Method could be conceived of as a paired runoff of all candidates against all others in a series of one-on-one runoffs with the winner of the most runoffs being the over-all winner.
		So, in order to piggy-back on the already established understanding of IRV and because of its natural English understandability, I have begun to refer to Condorcet as IRV-P. I recognize that this usage denies Condorcet the credit he has so richly deserved for being the creator of the Condorcet Method.
		However, I feel that his place in history is already well established and that he himself would prefer increased usage of his method, at this time in history, over increased fame upon his reputation.
	electorama.com /print.php?sid=59&POSTNUKESID=d745386d42a0c147918ebeb... (231 words)

	Alternatives to the Binary Choice
		the Condorcet method, which is their recommendation for a voting system.
		The bottom line is that the Condorcet method, along with approval voting, allow voters to specify who they are voting for, and not who they are voting against.
		In the Condorcet method, as with others, the voter ranks their preferences, so that they can indicate not only who they would prefer, but also who they would be willing to tolerate.
	homepage.mac.com /dtj/iblog/C1968462432/E22962283 (203 words)

	Condorcet method
		If a candidate is preferred over all other candidates, that candidate is the Condorcet candidate.
		The "cloneproof Schwartz Sequential Dropping" (CSSD) method resolves votes as follows: # First, determine the Schwartz set (the innermost unbeaten set).
		Organizations which currently use some variant of the Condorcet method are: # The Debian project uses Cloneproof Schwartz Sequential Dropping.
	condorcet-method.search.ipupdater.com (2258 words)

	notes11
		Arrow first pointed out that one method of translating voter preferences into a societal choice was to have the decision for society always agree with the ballot of one particular voter.
		This rule means that one can not use the Condorcet method in its "vanilla" form, since this method will not always produce a top ranked alternative, that is, an alternative that can beat every other alternative in a two-way race.
		Suppose in Election I, method M selected A as the winner, while in election II, B was the winner.
	www.york.cuny.edu /~malk/mycourses/liberalstudies400/notes11.html (1318 words)

	Open Directory - Society: Politics: Campaigns and Elections: Voting Systems (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Condorcet's Method - A pairwise election system where ranked ballots are used to simulate many head-to-head elections, where the winner is the candidate who wins all pairings.
		Elections, Electoral Methods and Electoral Law - Describes the voting system for German Federal elections, with discussion, statistics, and links related to unusual characteristics such as with overhang seats and negative weighting of votes.
		Includes detailed explanation of the Condorcet method ("cloneproof Schwartz sequential dropping", "beatpath method", "Schulze method") which is used e.g.
	dmoz.org /Society/Politics/Campaigns_and_Elections/Voting_Systems (928 words)

	Condorcet method - Electowiki (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The name comes from the 18th century mathematician and philosopher Marquis de Condorcet, although the method was previously described by Ramon Llull in the 13th century.
		If one candidate defeats all others head-to-head, that candidate is the Condorcet Winner.
		The sum of all ballot matrices, the Condorcet pairwise matrix, is the primary piece of data used to resolve majority rule cycles.
	wiki.electorama.com /wiki/Condorcet_method (1900 words)

	Condorcet Method Demonstration (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		If one candidate wins all the pairwise comparison tests, that candidate is the Condorcet winner.
		If there is no Condorcet winner, then some kind of tie-breaker may be necessary.
		The Condorcet tie-breaker method looks at each candidate's worst defeat and finds the one with the fewest votes against.
	world.std.com /~wij/puzzles/condorcet.html (297 words)

	Approval Voting Home Page
		It concludes that the most reliable systems for meeting the "Condorcet" and "maximum social utility" criteria are approval voting and the Instant Runoff Vote (also know as Preferential Voting) and traditional runoff methods.
		Other methods, such as the Borda Count and those based on the Condorcet tally itself, tend in practice to be vulnerable to "strategic voting".
		But persuasive arguments for Condorcet methods (as well as Approval Voting), and against Instant Runoff Voting can be found at ElectionMethods.org, a public service of EMERG, the Election Methods Education and Research Group.
	bcn.boulder.co.us /government/approvalvote (808 words)

	Math Alive (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Condorcet method is the final method for computing the winner.
		First, for each pair of candidates determine which candidate is preferred by the most voters.
		Note: you can define a "winning" candidate as that candidate having a number of preferential votes which is greater than or equal to the number of preferential votes of all other candidates when the candidates are compared pairwise.
	www.math.princeton.edu /matalive/Voting/VotingLab1/Condorcet.html (177 words)

	[EM] Multi-seat Condorcet method
		Here is a method I developed to elect the Condorcet winner in
		Condorcet winner; there are 2 weak Condorcet winners, B and F. Suppose
		C is the new Condorcet winner, and gets elected.
	www.opensubscriber.com /message/election-methods-electorama.com@electorama.com/267474.html (263 words)

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