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	conestoga wagon, lancaster county pa., pennsylvania dutch
		The Conestoga Wagon probably began as a farm wagon that was adapted for use on the rough, hilly ground in Lancaster County.
		The Conestoga Wagon was made from a variety of woods, each chosen because it had qualities that made it the best wood for the job, some woods were better for the wheels while others were better for the sideboards.
		Conestoga wagons came in various sizes, just like trucks today, some were used on farms, like pick-up trucks and others were the tractor trailers of their time, large, heavy duty wagons hauling goods to Philadelphia and later to the west.
	www.rootsweb.com /~pacahs/wagon.htm (1232 words)

	Ulster American Folkpark : Collections : The Journey : Conestoga Wagons : Museums and Galleries of Northern Ireland
		Conestoga wagons were first used by the army in Braddock's military campaign against the French in 1755 and later during the rest of the French and Indian War of 1755-61.
		The wagon beds were stored at the end of the wagoning season by tying them to the roof of the barn, The running gear could then be used for other farm work.
		The Conestoga draft horse was descended from Flemish stallions crossed with Virginian mares.
	www.folkpark.com /collections/the_journey/conestoga_wagons (0 words)

	Prairie Schooners
		Conestoga wagons were large, heavy, and had beds shaped somewhat like boats, with angled ends and a floor that sloped to the middle so barrels wouldn't roll out when the wagon was climbing or descending a hill.
		The wagon box, or bed, was made of hardwoods to resist shrinking in the dry air of the plains and deserts the emigrants had to cross.
		Nonetheless, many emigrants took to soaking their wagon wheels in rivers and springs overnight, as it was not unheard of for the dry air to shrink the wood so much that the iron tires would roll right off the wheels during the day.
	www.endoftheoregontrail.org /wagons.html (0 words)

	The Conestoga Wagon, Page 5 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Whereas the Conestoga wagons were distinguished by their beautifully proportioned sloping design, the Western wagons had much straighter utilitarian lines.
		Conestoga wagons, as long-distance haulers of heavy freight, had their peak of activity between about 1820 and 1840.
		Commemorative journeys by Conestoga wagons have, from time to time, received wide publicity, and ever greater numbers of them have been placed in the protective custody of museums to be admired by visitors such as the family described at the beginning of this leaflet.
	www.phmc.state.pa.us /ppet/wagon/page5.asp?secid=31 (0 words)

	Conestoga Wagon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Conestoga wagon was a large wagon, with broad wheels and a white hemp or canvas cover, used for the transportation of persons and goods across the North American continent prior to the introduction of the railway in the 1850s and 1860s.
		It was the predecessor of the lighter wagon known as the prairie schooner, which could be drawn by 2 to 4 horses or oxen.
		The Conestoga wagon was favoured by the Swiss and Amish Mennonites who rode in them from Pennsylvania, between the late 18th century and the middle of the 19th century, when they settled in the Niagara Peninsula and York and Waterloo counties of present-day Ontario.
	www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com /index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=A1ARTA0001840 (0 words)

	Conestoga Wagon - Picture - MSN Encarta
		The Conestoga wagon was a large, sturdy, four-wheeled wagon used by American pioneers.
		The horse-drawn wagons, precursors of the prairie schooners, carried freight and settlers westward until about 1850.
		Normally built with both ends higher than the middle, a Conestoga wagon’s wheels could be removed, and the wagon bed could float as a boat.
	encarta.msn.com /media_461516713/Conestoga_Wagon.html (0 words)

	[No title]
		Conestoga wagons were also very colorful; their axles, brake assembly, and wheels painted a vivid red and the body a rich blue.
		Sometimes the driver rode the wheel horse or saddle horse (the horse nearest the wagon on the left side), or sat or stood on the “lazy board,” a stout plank kept underneath the bed of the wagon on the left side near the rear wheel.
		Conestoga wagons also carried an array important equipment: an axe, feed and a large feed box for the horses, a grease or tar bucket, a toolbox, a wagon jack, and a wheel lock chain which was attached to the rear of the wagon bed.
	www.explorepahistory.com /hmarker.php?markerId=463 (0 words)

	Conestoga wagon - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		CONESTOGA WAGON [Conestoga wagon], heavy freight-carrying vehicle of distinctive type that originated in the Conestoga region of Pennsylvania c.1725.
		The bottom of the wagon box was curved, rising at both ends, so that in going up and down hills the goods would shift less easily and the tailgate would be subjected to less strain.
		The wagons were striking and graceful vehicles as they moved over the hills and were often called "ships of inland commerce." The drivers usually rode the left wheel horse and are credited with originating the American custom of turning out to the right.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-conestog.html (0 words)

	Cupboard Wagon
		The Conestoga Wagon is probably best remembered for its role in bringing the pioneers west across the Oregon and Santa Fe trails.
		In actuality, the Conestoga was rarely used on the oregon trail, its smaller cousin, the Prairie Schooner being the transportation of choice for the tens of thousands of hardy pioneers in the mid to late 1800's.
		A Conestoga and (Right)..its smaller cousin the Prairie schooner.
	www.cupboardwagon.com /conestogawagon.html (0 words)

	The Conestoga Wagon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The object of its admiration is a large Conestoga wagon with its distinctive sloping lines, built early in the nineteenth century.
		The name "Conestoga" has been applied to an early Indian group, to a river, to a valley, to a trail and road, to a manor, and to a now-extinct breed of horses.
		All of these are identified with Pennsylvania's Lancaster County, known as "the nation's breadbasket." It was across the rich farmlands of that county and on the road connecting Lancaster with Philadelphia that the massive four-wheeled wagons, generally drawn by four to six Conestoga horses, first appeared.
	www.phmc.state.pa.us /ppet/wagon/page1.asp?secid=31 (0 words)

	Online Etymology Dictionary
		Conestoga wagon is from 1750 (about three years before the last of the Conestoga Indians were massacred), but it was already an established term as the first reference is to the name of a Philadelphia tavern.
		1638, "huge wagon bearing an image of the god Krishna," especially that at the town of Puri, drawn annually in procession in which (apocryphally) devotees allowed themselves to be crushed under its wheels in sacrifice.
		Station wagon in the automobile sense is first recorded 1929, from earlier use for a horse-drawn conveyance that took passengers to and from railroad stations (1894).
	www.etymonline.com /index.php?search=wagon (0 words)

	OBHS Freeholder Magazine Online: The Conestoga Wagon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Their wagons, built by the same wheelwrights who built the big Conestoga freighters, were smaller than the freighters and employed four or fewer horses.
		Although no Conestogas are left to us that date before 1800 we know from the researches of Evelyn A. Benson in the account books of James Logan, the commercial representative of William Penn, that the wagon of that name dates to the second decade of the 18th century.
		Conestoga wagons were traditionally painted red for the running gear and blue for the wagon bed.
	hometown.aol.com /_ht_a/obhistory/freelm.htm (0 words)

	Wagons West!
		Conestoga wagons were large, sturdy wagons with high sides.
		Conestogas were nicknamed prairie schooners because their high, white canvas tops gave the appearance of sailing ships, especially when traversing the sea of grass of the American prairie.
		Some of the wagons had a conveince feature called a "Flapp-a-doodle." This was a box bolted to the rear of the wagon.
	www.angelfire.com /ca/bearflag/wagons.html (0 words)

	Landis Valley Museum - Pennsylvania German Heritage - Lancaster County Tourism, PA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		This new type of wagon was known as the Conestoga wagon and it served as the principal freight hauler in Pennsylvania and neighboring areas until the advent of canals and railroads nearly a century later.
		The true Conestoga wagon had a "boat-shaped" body, higher at the front and rear and with a sloping bed to keep cargo from rolling out the ends.
		It is said that Conestoga wagon traffic was so heavy that wagoners sometimes had to wait three days for their turn to cross the Susquehanna River.
	www.landisvalleymuseum.org /tour_wagonshed.htm (0 words)

	[No title]
		Developed here in mid-18th century by local wagon makers, this vehicle of empire was the freight carrier of frontier days, and was the ancestor of the prairie schooner.
		The Conestoga wagon was often referred to as the "inland ship of commerce" because of its capacity to haul large amounts of goods on overland routes.
		Conestoga wagons had a left-hand drive design, designed to give the driver a way to apply a brake as well as handle his team of horses while going downhill.
	www.explorepahistory.com /hmarker.php?markerId=362 (0 words)

	Wagon Train - Search Results - MSN Encarta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Wagon Train, party of settlers who traveled in wagons and on horseback across the Western United States in the mid- and late 19th century.
		Conestoga Wagon, large, four-wheeled, horse-drawn vehicle, widely used in the United States during the first half of the 19th century.
		Prairie Schooner, type of wagon, used in the 19th century by American pioneers for transportation across the western prairies and mountains to...
	encarta.msn.com /Wagon_Train.html (0 words)

	Volume 6 - Chapter 11: Conestoga Wagons
		The bed of the wagon was curved or boat-shaped, the center sagging similar to a canoe.
		It was carried and fastened to the wagon tongue during the feeding.
		The wagoner, when weather permitted, rode the left wheel horse and managed the other horses by verbal commands, a jerk of the reins and the crack of the long 'fl snake' whip.
	www.everettarea.org /tales/v06/v06c11.htm (0 words)

	The Conestoga Wagon, Page 4 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Two groups were engaged in wagoning: the professional teamsters or 'regulars" and the "sharpshooters." The latter-many of them Pennsylvania Germans-were farmers who went into this work on a seasonal or casual basis when time permitted, or when the earnings looked good.
		They particularly abhorred the "sharpshooters" who "horned in" when wagons were in strong demand to move goods out of over-flowing commission houses, or when a serious break in the canal meant full loads at high rates.
		The Conestoga wagon deserves full appreciation for all that it was, but it is also important to understand what it was not.
	www.phmc.state.pa.us /ppet/wagon/page4.asp?secid=31 (0 words)

	Wagon - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A wagon (in old British English waggon) or dray is a wheeled vehicle, ordinarily with four wheels, usually pulled by an animal, or animals, such as horses, mules or oxen and used for transport of heavy goods.
		Wagons can have side walls to retain the load it is holding, or may consist of a flat bed.
		While wagons are commonly used as toys for children or carrying heavy loads in the garden, the history of the wagons dates back centuries.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Wagon (0 words)

	Conestoga wagon - The Story of Virginia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Conestoga wagon was developed in the 1700s by Germans near Conestoga, Pennslyvania, and they were introduced to Virginia by German immigrants coming down the Great Wagon Road into the Shenandoah Valley.
		Most Conestoga wagons were used for hauling freight and cigars are called stogies because the tobacco for them was hauled in Conestoga wagons.
		When the wagons were used by families moving west, the wagon carried household goods while the people rode or walked alongside.
	www.vahistorical.org /sva2003/wagon.htm (0 words)

	PENNSYLVANIA EVENTS - CONESTOGA WAGON (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The capacity of these wagons was as much as 3,500 pounds, and six or eight rods were placed over top for a white cloth to be stretched over to protect the goods from the weather.
		The wagons were usually brightly painted, blue on the body and red on the wheels.
		The Conestoga wagon was used also for military purposes as Generals Braddock and Forbes led troops westward, and then later they were used as settlers moved all their worldly possessions across the plains to the new lands.
	www.geocities.com /Heartland/4547/wagon.html (0 words)

	Conestoga Wagon Bell and sleigh bells. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Conestoga wagon teams were pulled by 6 horses, these horses were fitted with hames bells or call Conestoga Bells because of the wagon.
		Horses drawing Conestoga wagons were usually in 3 teams, with the lead team carrying 5 bells, the middle team 4 bells and the right wheel horse with 3 bells.
		Because the wagon had no front seats like other wagons, the Waggoner, when not walking, would ride the left wheel horse or the "lazy seat", a pull-out board, located between the front and rear wheels on the left side of the wagon, thereby forcing others to pass on the left.
	www.oleysled.com /conestoga_wagon_bell.htm (0 words)

	Lancaster City: Conestoga Wagon
		The wagon had four broad wheels that helped to prevent it from being stuck, a convex wagon body that prevented their loads from shifting inside and a white canvas cover to protect its freight and driver from the elements.
		The wagon could carry a freight load up to six tons and was pulled by teams of four or six horses.
		The Prairie Schooner, a version of the wagon, was used in the settlement of the Western Frontier (Oregon and Santa Fe trails) in the 19th century.
	www.co.lancaster.pa.us /lancastercity/cwp/view.asp?A=3&Q=517058 (0 words)

	Motor Transport Corps
		Wagons were few, and there were not enough skilled teamsters to drive them, nor wheelwrights and flsmiths to maintain them.
		Named for the Conestoga Valley in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, the Conestoga wagon was first used in the 1750s to transport produce to Philadelphia.
		The Conestoga was strictly for carrying cargo and there was no seat for the Wagoner, who either rode the lead horse, a separate horse or walked alongside.
	www.transchool.eustis.army.mil /Museum/Revolutionary.htm (0 words)

	Wagons (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The types of wagons that the pioneers used were the Conestoga wagon, the Prairie Schooner, and the Small and Large Farm wagons.
		Later, the Conestoga wagon was replaced by the Schooner and the Farm Wagons because it was so hard to handle.
		Most of these wagons were made of hickory and oak with iron reinforcements while the axles were made of iron.
	www.promotega.org /csu30026/wagons.htm (0 words)

	[No title]
		The Conestoga wagon, the prairie schooner and the farm wagon have all helped to make United States history as our adventurous ancestors traveled west to new homes, bringing their supplies and family possessions aboard wagons of many styles.
		Their grocery wagon was priced at $59.85, a rural mail delivery wagon at $56.90, a milk wagon for less than $60.00, and buggies of all kinds from $22.35 to $34.95.
		Highly prized, as a modern pick-up truck might be, farm wagons were proud possessions of the settlers and were integral to the country's history when the prairie was without fences as far as the eye could see.
	www.lowellpl.lib.in.us /s2002mar.htm (0 words)

	Wood and Metal Garages, Sheds, Storage Buildings: Custom-Built For You
		Conestoga is pleased to announce the incomparable Strawberry Ridge, Victorian charm with a modern flair.
		Conestoga Builders values you as a customer and is interested in your feedback.
		Conestoga Builders has about 20 models on its large lot, which are available to be viewed at your convenience, 24/7.
	www.conestogabuilders.com (0 words)

	The Wagon
		The most familiar covered wagon crossing the plains and mountains to the promised land of the west was a smaller, lighter cousin on the Conestoga wagon of the east.
		The lighter the wagon, the less likely it was to bog down in muddy stream-banks or prairie sloughs.
		The pioneer wagon carried a huge assortment of goods the families needed to survive the trip and to homestead once they reached the end of their journey.
	lonehand.com /wagon.htm (0 words)

	Roughing it - Conestoga wagon trip Saturday Evening Post - Find Articles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Taylors and two other families own and operate Wagons West, providing trips in authentic replicas of pioneer covered wagons and trail rides (though the first leg of our trip was a 1 1/2-hour ride on an old school bus).
		Over the next five days we spotted a cow moose and her calf, four elk, more mule deer, a coyote, and bear signs (a tree trunk one mauled to get at the insects inside, a bear claw and palm print on a tree, and a grizzly bear paw print).
		Wagons West's days begin when the horses, many hobbled and cowbelled, return to camp for grain pellets, from the fields where they've grazed all night.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1189/is_n4_v264/ai_12753513 (0 words)

	[No title]
		From 1836 Gideon Weaver, the father of the writer, was a builder of Conestoga wagons during the "sixties" and "seventies", in the Conestoga Valley.
		Because regular wagoners liked their whiskey and habitated the many taverns and inns along the freight routes, it was customary to drink evenings after a hard day on the road.
		The Conestoga wagon and a class of men faded with the rise of the railroad.
	www.horseshoe.cc /pennadutch/history/american/misc.htm (0 words)

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