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Topic: Congenital

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	Congenital Malformations Registry - 1995 Annual Report
		Congenital hip dislocation A congenital defect in which the head of the femur does not articulate with the acetabulum of the pelvis because of an abnormal shallowness of the acetabulum.
		Hypospadias A congenital defect in which the urinary meatus (urinary outlet) is on the underside of the penis or on the perineum (area between the genitals and the anus).
		Transposition of the great vessels A congenital malformation in which the aorta arises from the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery from the left ventricle (opposite of normal), so that the venous return from the peripheral circulation is recirculated without being oxygenated in the lungs.
	www.health.state.ny.us /diseases/congenital_malformations/1995/append5.htm (2242 words)

	Congenital Heart Defects
		Congenital heart defects are abnormalities in the heart's structure that are present at birth.
		Congenital heart defects happen because of incomplete or abnormal development of the fetus' heart during the very early weeks of pregnancy.
		Because congenital defects often compromise the heart's ability to pump blood and to deliver oxygen to the tissues of the body, they often produce telltale signs in your child.
	kidshealth.org /parent/medical/heart/congenital_heart_defects.html (1891 words)

	Congenital hypothyroidism - Genetics Home Reference
		Congenital hypothyroidism is a condition that affects infants from birth (congenital) and results from a partial or complete loss of thyroid function (hypothyroidism).
		Mutations in the DUOX2, PAX8, SLC5A5, TG, TPO, TSHB, and TSHR genes cause congenital hypothyroidism.
		Most cases of congenital hypothyroidism are sporadic, which means they occur in people with no history of the disorder in their family.
	ghr.nlm.nih.gov /condition=congenitalhypothyroidism (755 words)

	Congenital Heart Defects in Children Fact Sheet
		Congenital heart defects are structural problems with the heart present at birth.
		Rarely, heart disease is not congenital but may occur during childhood such as heart damage due to infection.
		Congenital heart defects are the most common birth defect and are the number one cause of death from birth defects during the first year of life.
	www.americanheart.org /presenter.jhtml?identifier=12012 (710 words)

	Congenital heart defects: When your baby's born with a heart malformation - MayoClinic.com
		If your infant or child has been diagnosed with a congenital heart defect, it means he or she was born with a problem in the heart's formation.
		Congenital heart defects appear to run in families and are associated with many genetic syndromes.
		On the other hand, a severe congenital heart defect such as hypoplastic left heart syndrome, in which the left side of the heart is too small to support life, may be fatal shortly after birth.
	www.mayoclinic.com /health/congenital-heart-defects/CC00011 (1808 words)

	Congenital CMV (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Congenital CMV and congenital toxoplasmosis produce similar lesions; however, congenital CMV characteristically does not produce microphthalmia or cataracts, and alternative diagnoses such as congenital rubella or toxoplasmosis or metabolic disorders should be sought if these eye findings are present.
		The diagnosis of congenital CMV infection is established by isolating virus from urine, saliva, or tissue obtained during the first 3 weeks of life.
		Because the majority of symptomatic congenital CMV disease and its sequelae occur in women who have experienced primary CMV infection during pregnancy, pregnant women and their fetuses would benefit greatly if a safe, effective CMV vaccine were licensed.
	home.coqui.net /myrna/cmv.htm (2410 words)

	Congenital Aortic Stenosis treatment options at Mayo Clinic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Congenital (present at birth) aortic stenosis (AS) is a narrowing of the aortic valve or the area just below or above the aortic valve, which causes resistance to the forward ejection of blood from the left ventricle.
		Close cooperation and interaction exists between the highly specialized adult congenital heart disease cardiologists and the cardiovascular surgeons who have special expertise in congenital heart disease, the pediatric cardiologists, the high-risk obstetricians and any other special health professionals that might benefit the patient.
		Close follow-up by both the congenital cardiologist and the obstetrician throughout the course of pregnancy, labor, delivery and after delivery is strongly recommended for patients who have congenital heart problems.
	www.mayoclinic.org /congenitalaorticstenosis-rst (884 words)

	Congenital Heart Disease
		Congenital heart disease is a type of defect or malformation in one or more structures of the heart or blood vessels that occurs before birth.
		Congenital heart disease is often first detected when your doctor hears an abnormal heart sound or heart murmur when listening to your heart.
		Most adults with congenital heart disease should be monitored by a heart specialist and take precautions to prevent endocarditis (a serious infection of the heart valves) throughout their life.
	www.webmd.com /content/pages/9/1675_57849.htm (811 words)

	USNews.com: Health: Congenital Heart Disease: Overview
		Congenital heart disease is not a single disease but refers to many different structural defects in the heart that can be present in an infant at birth.
		Adult Congenital Heart Association: The ACHA is a nonprofit organization that seeks to improve the quality of life and extend the lives of adults with congenital heart defects.
		Congenital heart defects are the leading cause of death from birth defects during the first year of life.
	www.usnews.com /usnews/health/heart/congenital/congenital.about.htm (429 words)

	Types of CHD and their Descriptions
		Congenital aortic stenosis occurs in 3 to 6 percent of all children with congenital heart defects.
		Congenital heart block, when detected at or before birth in a structurally normal heart, is strongly associated with autoantibodies reactive with certain proteins.
		In this congenital heart defect, the aorta (the main artery that carries blood to the body) originates from the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery (the artery that carries low-oxygen blood to the lungs) from the left ventricle.
	www.congenitalheartdefects.com /typesofCHD.html (7813 words)

	Congenital Myopathy Information Page: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
		Congenital myopathy is a term for any muscle disorder present at birth.
		In general, congenital myopathies cause loss of muscle tone and muscle weakness in infancy and delayed motor milestones, such as walking, later in childhood.
		Central core disease is a dominantly inherited genetic disease characterized by mild leg weakness appearing in infancy.
	www.ninds.nih.gov /disorders/myopathy_congenital/myopathy_congenital.htm (476 words)

	ASSH \| Congenital Differences
		The most common congenital hand difference in the fl population is an extra, sixth digit on the little finger side (post-axial polydactyly - see Figure 2).
		Because there are so many different congenital hand differences, it is important that your child be evaluated by a hand surgery specialist to help determine if any treatment is needed.
		All babies born with congenital hand differences should be evaluated by a hand specialist to make an individual assessment of the type.
	www.assh.org /Content/NavigationMenu/PatientsPublic/HandConditions/CongenitalDifferences/Congenital_Differen.htm (557 words)

	Congenital Heart Disease
		Nine in 1,000 babies born in the United States have a congenital (present at birth) heart defect - a problem that occurred as the baby's heart was developing during pregnancy, before the baby is born.
		Often, congenital heart defects are a result of one of these crucial steps not happening at the right time, leaving a hole where a dividing wall should have formed, or a single blood vessel where two ought to be, for example.
		Knowledge about specific congenital heart conditions and expectations for long-term outcomes and potential complications, and risks must be reviewed as part of the successful transition from pediatric care to adult care.
	www.healthsystem.virginia.edu /uvahealth/peds_hrnewborn/chd.cfm (1773 words)

	Congenital heart disease
		Congenital heart disease, also called congenital heart defect, includes a variety of malformations of the heart or its major blood vessels that are present at birth.
		Rarer types of congenital heart disease occur when the newborn has only one ventricle, or when the pulmonary artery and the aorta come out of the same ventricle, or when one side of the heart is not completely formed.
		Symptoms of congenital heart disease in general include: shortness of breath, difficulty feeding in infancy, sweating, cyanosis (bluish discoloration of the skin), heart murmur, respiratory infections that recur excessively, stunted growth, and limbs and muscles that are underdeveloped.
	www.healthatoz.com /healthatoz/Atoz/ency/congenital_heart_disease.jsp (2423 words)

	Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
		Congenital adrenal hyperplasia is a genetic disorder of the adrenal glands.
		Congenital adrenal hyperplasia is caused by an error on a single gene.
		Congenital adrenal hyperplasia is the most common autosomal recessive genetic disorder in humans.
	www.nichd.nih.gov /health/topics/congenital_adrenal_hyperplasia.cfm (351 words)

	Congenital Heart Defects, What Is, NHLBI DCI
		A congenital heart defect is a structural problem (or defect) in the heart that is present at birth.
		Congenital heart defects can disrupt the normal flow of blood through the heart.
		Congenital heart defect is the most common type of major birth defect.
	www.nhlbi.nih.gov /health/dci/Diseases/chd/chd_what.html (1059 words)

	Congenital Myopathies
		Congenital myopathies are diseases of the skeletal muscle that are inherited and present at birth.
		Congenital myopathies occur when a genetic defect is linked to a lack of, or a problem with, one of the proteins needed for normal muscle cell function.
		There are several different kinds of congenital myopathies caused by defective genes, including central core disease, centronuclear (myotubular) myopathy, myotonia congenital, nemaline myopathy, paramyotonia congenita, periodic paralysis (hypokalemic and hyperkalemic forms) and mitochondrial myopathies.
	www.hmc.psu.edu /healthinfo/c/congenitalmyopathies.htm (580 words)

	Congenital syphilis - WrongDiagnosis.com
		Congenital syphilis is listed as a "rare disease" by the Office of Rare Diseases (ORD) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
		This means that Congenital syphilis, or a subtype of Congenital syphilis, affects less than 200,000 people in the US population.
		With a diagnosis of Congenital syphilis, it is also important to consider whether there is an underlying condition causing Congenital syphilis.
	www.wrongdiagnosis.com /c/congenital_syphilis/intro.htm (497 words)

	Moles - Congenital Nevi - DermatologyChannel
		Congenital nevi appear on approximately 1 percent of newborns.
		A congenital nevus (plural: nevi) is a mole that is present at or develops shortly after birth.
		Congenital nevi typically grow in proportion to the developing child, although rapid periods of enlargement can be seen.
	www.dermatologychannel.net /moles/congenitalnevi.shtml (757 words)

	MedlinePlus: Congenital Heart Disease
		Congenital Heart Defects (March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation)
		Congenital Heart Defects: When Your Baby's Born with a Heart Malformation (Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research)
		The primary NIH organization for research on Congenital Heart Disease is the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/congenitalheartdisease.html (654 words)

	Syphilis, Congenital
		Congenital syphilis is a chronic infectious disease caused by a spirochete (treponema pallidum) acquired by the fetus in the uterus before birth.
		Congenital syphilis is passed on to the child from the mother who acquired the disease prior to or during pregnancy.
		The infant is more likely to have congenital syphilis when the mother has been infected during pregnancy although it is not uncommon for an infant to acquire congenital syphilis from a mother who was infected prior to pregnancy.
	www.webmd.com /hw/std/nord841.asp (476 words)

	Congenital Cataracts
		A congenital cataract is an opacity (cloudiness) in the lens of the eye that is present at, or develops shortly after, birth.
		Around one fifth of these have a family history of congenital cataract but in up to half of all cases there is no family history.
		Congenital cataracts at present account for the largest proportion of partially sighted and blind registered children in the UK.
	www.rnib.org.uk /xpedio/groups/public/documents/PublicWebsite/public_rnib003644.hcsp (811 words)

	Congenital Heart Defects - My Child Has - Children's Hospital Boston
		Often, congenital heart defects are a result of one of these crucial steps not happening at the right time, leaving a hole where a dividing wall should have formed, or a single blood vessel where two ought to be.
		To better understand congenital heart defects, it may help to review About the Heart and Blood Vessels and Anatomy of the Heart Valves for more information on how the heart normally works.
		Congenital heart defects can be classified into several categories according to the problems your child may experience.
	www.childrenshospital.org /az/Site486/mainpageS486P0.html (645 words)

	[No title]
		Congenital deafness in dogs and cats is primarily of the hereditary sensorineural form associated with white pigmentation genes, although acquired forms of deafness are possible.
		Congenital hereditary sensorineural deafness is usually seen in dog and cat breeds with white pigmentation.
		Pigment-associated congenital hereditary sensorineural deafness in the cat is linked to the white gene, which is dominant over color and is unrelated to albinism.
	www.lsu.edu /deafness/VetClinNA.htm (4277 words)

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