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Topic: Congenital deformity

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		Congenital auricular deformities are a manifestation of developmental problems of the first and second branchial arches, and often other arch deformities are present, such as hypoplasia of the mandible, maxilla, and soft tissue on the side of the face of the atresia.
		The most common deformity of congenitally microtic auricle is a longitudinal fold of skin (peanut ear) that contains a markedly disfigured auricular cartilaginous remnant that is usually anatomically located in the position of what one might anticipate as the external auditory canal.
		Cryptotia Cryptotia is the unusual congenital deformity in which the upper pole of the ear cartilage is buried beneath the scalp.
	www.utmb.edu /oto/Grand_Rounds_Earlier.dir/Ear_Surgery_1993.txt (5411 words)

	Med-Lib - Medical Online Library - English Articles - Oxford Textbook of Surgery - Spinal deformity (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Treatment of spinal deformity is dependent upon the type and degree of deformity in addition to the aetiology and age of the patient.
		Deformities located in the lower thoracic and thoracolumbar spine are most likely to progress and deformities in this area often produce development of secondary lumbar or thoracolumbar curves that may become structural.
		In the case of the hemivertebrae, however, if progressive deformity is noted, posterior fusion should be recommended and in certain selected cases, anterior interbody fusion may be recommended on the convex side of the curve to arrest the growth on the convex side.
	med-lib.ru /english/oxford/sp_deformity.shtml (4995 words)

	Manbir Online ... CONGENITAL DEFECTS IN CHILDREN - CLEFT LIP AND PALATE
		You will be surprised to know that many children with severe congenital deformities adapt to their deformities so well by natural development, that any surgical or external interference would hamper rather than help functioning of these children.
		Deformities like cleft lip, cleft palate, club foot, extrophy of the urinary bladder, ano-rectal malformation, arterio-venous malformations etc., which either influence proper development of the child or hamper vital functions, are subjected to an early surgical procedure.
		Deformities of extremities are one of the common congenital deformities.
	www.manbir-online.com /htm3/cleft.htm (1939 words)

	Orthopaedic Journal
		In measurement of the hindfoot, the lateral talocalcaneal angle is decreased with varus or equinus deformities and is increased with valgus or calcaneus deformities.
		Because the deformity is forefoot varus with respect to the hindfoot, the x-ray beam must be focused on the midfoot with the foot gently held in position to correct the adduction and supination of the forefoot.
		The forefoot is in rigid adduction, and the heel is in valgus.
	www.uphs.upenn.edu /ortho/oj/1997/oj10sp97p30.html (5384 words)

	eMedicine - Congenital Spinal Deformity : Article by Robert Mervyn Letts, MD, FRCSC, FACSC (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Congenital deformities of the spine are caused by anomalous vertebral development in the embryo.
		Deformation is an alteration in the shape or structure of an individual vertebra or of the entire spine during the fetal and/or postnatal periods, with the involved region having initially differentiated normally (eg, infantile or adolescent scoliosis).
		Congenital anomalies of the cervical spine, although rare, are worthy of attention because neurologic compromise from instability or stenosis may be prevented with early recognition and careful management of those at risk.
	www.emedicine.com /orthoped/topic618.htm (11264 words)

	Orthopaedic Journal at Harvard Medical School - annual publication Harvard Combined Orthopaedic Residency Program ...
		The device and procedure are still under investigational protocol, but preliminary results 2 suggest that expansion thoracostomy and use of a VEPTR device directly treats segmental hemi-thoracic hypoplasia by lengthening and expanding the constricted hemithorax, and indirectly treats scoliosis without the need for spine fusion, with probable benefit for the underlying lung.
		Congenitally fused ribs typically cause curvature of the spine toward the area of involvement.
		The estimated incidence is 1 in 125, 000 births for Jeune's Syndrome, 13 and 1 to 4 in 25, 000 births for achondroplasia.
	www.orthojournalhms.org /html/manuscripts/manuscript-06.htm (4217 words)

	Mount Carmel (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The degree of deformity varies from a minor deformity, such as a digital disproportion, to a severe deformity, such as total absence of a bone.
		Deformities of the wrist are usually operated on around 6 months of age.
		This deformity may involve underdevelopment of the ulnar bone (the bone in the forearm on the side of the little finger), or complete absence of the bone.
	www.mountcarmelhealth.com /healthinfo/Adult/plassurg/handdef.shtml (994 words)

	Search Results for congenital - Encyclopædia Britannica
		Congenital defects of the esophagus are most often seen in infancy, primarily as a failure to develop normal passageways.
		Cleft lip, also known as harelip, is a congenital deformity in which the central to medial lip fails to fuse properly, resulting in a fissure in the lip beneath the nostrils.
		Congenital nerve deafness, a defect of the auditory nerve in the cochlea, may be present at birth or acquired during or soon after birth.
	www.britannica.com /search?query=congenital&submit=Find&source=MWTEXT (460 words)

	Common Congenital Disorders-Cleft Lip
		The cleft lip deformity is the most common congenital deformity seen in the United States.
		The deformity seen in your baby with a cleft lip includes the lip, muscles around the lip, and the nose.
		All these deformities should be addressed at the initial surgery.
	www.ppsca.com /cleft.htm (659 words)

	AOFAS - MDs who specialize in the foot and ankle. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Congenital clubfoot occurs in the second trimester of pregnancy in a normally developing foot.
		The deformity involves mostly the tarsal bones, which are in the most extreme positions of flexion, adduction and inversion.
		Relapses are prevented in most cases by the foot abduction brace that must be worn full time for three months and thereafter at night and naptime for three years.
	www.aofas.org /displayindustryarticle.cfm?articlenbr=13289 (433 words)

	Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery: Residual deformity in congenital radial club hands after previous centralisation of ...
		The first is centralisation and stabilisation of the wrist and the second lengthening of the ulna and correction of the angular deformity using the Ilizarov method.
		Congenital radial club hand represents a "failure of formation of parts" (category I) in the classification of congenital limb malformations of Swanson, Swanson and Tada.1 The hand without the bony support of the radius shows marked radial deviation at the wrist.
		The mean deficiency in length of the ulna was 5.3 cm (4.3 to 7.1) and the mean percentage length, which was defined as the ratio in length to the contralateral normal ulna, was 64%, excluding one bilateral case.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3767/is_199809/ai_n8823782 (1468 words)

	The Reading Hospital and Medical Center - Congenital Hand Deformities
		This occurs when parts of the body stop developing while the baby is in the womb, causing either a complete absence of a part of the body, such as the hand, or a missing structure, such as part of the arm bone.
		A radial clubhand is a deformity that involves all of the tissues on the radial side (thumb side) of the forearm and hand.
		With this type of deformity, the parts of the hand, either the bones and/or the tissues, fail to separate in the womb.
	www.readinghospital.org /content.asp?pageid=P01120 (1028 words)

	Clubfoot - Pes Planus - Flat Foot
		A congenital deformity of the foot that occurs once per 1000 live births in the U.S. No actual cause is known...
		Clubfoot or talipes equinovarus, is a complete deformity of childhood which can be broken down into three elements: equinus of the heel; varus of the hindfoot; and adductus of the forefoot.
		Initial treatment of congenital club foot should be nonoperative, beginning in the first days of life so as to take advantage of the favorable fibroelastic properties of the connective tissue which forms the ligaments, joint capsules and tendons.
	ibis-birthdefects.org /start/clubfoot.htm (943 words)

	Birth: Madelung's deformity (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Madelung's deformity is a dysplasia of the radius resulting in an exaggerated radial inclination, a short forearm, dorsal dislocation of the ulnar head and a "V" shaped proximal carpal row.
		Congenital Madelungs may be due to an abnormal fibrous band tethering sigmoid notch of the radius proximally to the ulna.
		Adult bilateral congenital Madelung's deformity with pain and extensor tendinitis, treated with the Sauve Kapandji (Lauenstein) procedure: segmental distal ulnar ostectomy and distal radioulnar joint fusion.
	www.eatonhand.com /img/IMG00029.htm (232 words)

	Etiology of Congenital Scoliosis pg. 37--42
		Congenital scoliosis is a lateral curvature of the spine that is due to the presence of vertebral anomalies that cause an imbalance in the longitudinal growth of the spine.
		Congenital vertebral anomalies have been produced in newborn animals experimentally by transient hypoxia and transient exposure to toxic elements during fetal period [16,22,28,29,35,37,39].
		Congenital scoliosis caused by a unilateral failure of vertebral segmentation with contralateral hemivertebrae.
	www.uphs.upenn.edu /ortho/oj/2002/html/oj15sp02p37.html (3440 words)

	Eyelid Deformity, ectropion, entropion, telecanthus
		With congenital deformities the cause is often identified as part of a syndrome or widely recognized congenital deformities.
		Acquired deformities of the eyelids can be either due to inflammatory diseases, eyelid lesions (both benign and malignant), postsurgical, involutional, traumatic or senile changes.
		It is not uncommon in the reconstruction of eyelid deformities to need to graft tissue from one part of the body into the eyelids.
	www.texaseyeplastics.com /eyelid_deformity.htm (517 words)

	Ponseti Method – Non-Surgical Treatment for Club Foot : St. Louis Children's Hospital (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Clubfoot is a congenital foot deformity where the foot points downward with toes turned inward and the foot bottom twisted inward.
		The treatment involves weekly stretching of the foot deformity in the clinic, followed by the application of long leg plaster casts.
		The cast is changed every 1 or 2 weeks, and a newborn with a congenital clubfoot should expect the deformity corrected in about five to six weeks.
	www.stlouischildrens.org /articles/kids_parents.asp?ID=4164 (740 words)

	Congenital Deformities Gallery
		Patient was born with a severe congenital asymmetry deformity.
		Patient was born with a significant breast deformity.
		She has a severe bilateral tubular breast deformity with a lack of adequate skin at the inferior portion of her breasts.
	www.ideallook.com /bs_cor/cor_gal.html (316 words)

	Podiatry Online
		Congenital Talipes equino varus (TEV or clubfoot) deformity of a non-neurological origin in the infant and very young child, while uncommon in the
		Furthermore, the long-term functionality of the corrected cases, as claimed by Kite, could not be consistently duplicated by other clinical investigators using parameters of strength, flexibility and function, prompting the advocacy of surgical intervention (5, 6) upon the failure of conservative care to achieve correction.
		Typically, in the care of a newborn within the first 3 months of birth with non-rigid (flexible and semi-rigid) clubfoot deformities not of neurological or neuromuscular etiology, the treatment averages 3 to 5 months of manipulation and serial cast correction.
	www.podiatryonline.com /main.cfm?pg=how_to&fn=clubfoot (1009 words)

	Loyola Univ. Health Sys. - Plastic Surgery - Congenital Hand Deformities (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Congenital anomalies are deformities that are present at birth.
		This type of birth deformity occurs in one out of every 55,000 births.
		Ring constrictions are congenital (present at birth) and occur in one out of every 15,000 live births.
	www.luhs.org /HEALTH/TOPICS/plassurg/handdef.htm (1089 words)

	Segmental anhidrosis with hyporeflexia associated with congenital spinal deformity: A Ross’s syndrome variant or ...
		In addition, the patient was found to have congenital spinal abnormalities in the form of block of vertebrae C3-C4; decreased disc space C4-C5; and break in pars interarticularis L5-S1 with decreased disc space.
		The association of congenital spinal abnormality, which may be pathognomonic in the causation of this progressive sudomotor degeneration, is quite interesting in our case.
		The patient was diagnosed as a case of segmental anhidrosis with compensatory hyperhidrosis, associated with lost/decreased tendon jerks in the lower extremities and congenital spinal deformity, in the absence of any significant pupillary abnormality or orthostatic hypotension.
	www.ijdvl.com /article.asp?issn=0378-6323;year=2004;volume=70;issue=1;spage=29;epage=32;aulast=Sawhney (1080 words)

	Bioline International Official Site (site up-dated regularly)
		Sprengels deformity is a congenital deformity with upward displacement of scapula without rotation.
		It may be associated with other congenital deformities like absence or fusion of ribs, cervical ribs, the Klippel- Feil syndrome, congenital scoliosis with hemivertebrae and spina bifida in the cervical region, syringomyelia, paraplegia, situs inversus and mandibulofacial dystosis.
		Sprengels deformity is an asymmetry of the shoulder caused by the upward and forward displacement of the scapula.
	www.bioline.org.br /request?jp00026 (957 words)

	Twin Cities Spine Center \| Congenital Spine Deformities Information
		Failures of a portion of the spine to divide into separate vertebrae or incomplete formation of the vertebrae are two major types of congenital spine deformities.
		Deformity may also be discovered because the patient has a head tilt, uneven shoulders, an uneven waistline or shoulders not centered above the pelvis.
		Treatment depends on the kind of deformity, the severity of the disorder, the age of the patient and the potential for the deformity to worsen.
	www.tcspine.com /education/deformities.asp (197 words)

	ICD-9-CM 740 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Congenital absence of radius and ulna (with or without absence of some [but not all] distal elements)
		Congenital absence of thigh and (lower) leg (complete or incomplete) with or without metacarpal deficiency and/or phalangeal deficiency, incomplete
		Congenital absence of tibia and fibula (with or without absence of some [but not all] distal elements)
	www.tpmm.com /solutions/professional/ICD9/1tabular740.html (1086 words)

	eMedicine - Pectus Excavatum : Article by Andre Hebra, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Despite the lack of an identifiable genetic marker, the familial occurrence of pectus deformity is reported in 35% of cases.
		Pouter pigeon breast: This condition represents a rare congenital deformity of the chest characterized by a protrusion of the manubriosternal junction and adjacent costal cartilages as well as premature sternal ossification.
		In girls, the deformity is of particular concern because of the displacement of the breast medially, resulting in significant asymmetry of the breasts and nipples (cross-eyed appearance of the nipples).
	www.emedicine.com /ped/topic2558.htm (7792 words)

	Circumcision (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Circumcision should not be performed on infants with certain deformities of the penis that may require a portion of the foreskin for repair.
		The most common condition for surgery using the foreskin is hypospadias, a congenital deformity of the penis where the urinary tract opening is not at the tip of the glans.
		A congenital deformity of the penis where the urinary tract opening is not at the tip of the glans.
	www.healthatoz.com /healthatoz/Atoz/ency/circumcision.jsp (1236 words)

	Clubfoot
		Clubfoot, also known as talipes equinovarus, is a congenital deformity of the foot that occurs in about 1 in 1,000 births in the United States.
		Most commonly, it is an isolated congenital birth defect and the cause is idiopathic (unknown).
		The manipulation and casting is continued until the deformity is either corrected or the degree of correction plateaus.
	www.mgh.harvard.edu /ortho/ClubFoot.htm (1448 words)

	Hemivertebra Resection for Thoracic and Thoracolumbar Congenital Deformity (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The purpose of this study is to review the results of hemivertebrae resection for treatment of congenital deformity of the thoracic and thoracolumbar spine.
		Treatment of congenital deformity secondary to a hemivertebrae which is located at the thoracic and thoracolumbar spine is a challenging surgical problem.
		Based on our experience, we feel that correction and balancing of congenital thoracic or thoracolumbar curves is more effectively achieved with hemlvertebrae resection than with alternative treatments for patients with significant, rigid curves.
	www.spineuniverse.com /1p/srs/abstracts/dp_300301deviron_hemivertebra_resection.html (296 words)

	Klippel-Feil deformity (www.whonamedit.com) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Congenital brevicollis, congenital cervicothoracic vertebrae synostosis, congenital osseus-torticollis syndrome, congenital webbed neck syndrome, congenital synostosis of cervicothoracic vertebrae syndrome, congenital osseous-torticollis syndrome, dystrophia brevicollis congenita.
		Congenital anomaly characterized by a reduced number of cervical vertebrae or multiple hemivertebrae fused into a single osseous mass, producing a short and wide neck with limited motion.
		A long list of associated features includes torticollis, facial asymmetry, scoliosis and kyphosis; difficulty in breathing and swallowing, cleft palate, micrognathia, mental retardation, deafness, strabismus, nystagmus, spastic quadriplegia, synkinesis, ataxia, anaesthesia, paraesthesia, and various muscle abnormalities.
	www.whonamedit.com /synd.cfm/629.html (297 words)

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