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Topic: Congenital hypothyroidism

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	Congenital hypothyroidism - Genetics Home Reference
		Congenital hypothyroidism is a condition that affects infants from birth (congenital) and results from a partial or complete loss of thyroid function (hypothyroidism).
		Mutations in the DUOX2, PAX8, SLC5A5, TG, TPO, TSHB, and TSHR genes cause congenital hypothyroidism.
		Most cases of congenital hypothyroidism are sporadic, which means they occur in people with no history of the disorder in their family.
	ghr.nlm.nih.gov /condition=congenitalhypothyroidism (755 words)

	Congenital hypothyroidism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Congenital hypothyroidism (CHT) is a condition of thyroid hormone deficiency present at birth.
		Around the world, the most common cause of congenital hypothyroidism is iodine deficiency, but in most of the developed world and areas of adequate environmental iodine, cases are due to a combination of known and unknown causes.
		In a small proportion of cases of congenital hypothyroidism, the defect is due to a deficiency of thyroid stimulating hormone, either isolated or as part of congenital hypopituitarism.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Congenital_hypothyroidism (836 words)

	CONGENITAL HYPOTHYROIDISM Pediatric Oncall
		He was diagnosed as sepsis with clinical suspicion of congenital hypothyroidism.
		The prevalence of congenital hypothyroidism approximates 1 in 4000 birth.
		Congenital hypothyroid child may present with slightly increased head size due to myxedema of the brain.
	www.pediatriconcall.com /fordoctor/CaseReports/congenital_hypothyroidism.asp (913 words)

	Newborn Screening Program - Congenital Hypothyroidism
		Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) occurs when infants are unable to produce sufficient amounts of thyroid hormone (thyroxine, or T4), which is necessary for normal metabolism, growth and brain development.
		Congenital hypothyroidism occurs in one of every 3,500 to 5,000 births; it is twice as common in females as in males.
		Congenital hypothyroidism occurs sporadically and is not usually an inherited disorder.
	www.idph.state.il.us /HealthWellness/fs/congenitalhypo.htm (925 words)

	Hypothyroidism from Pediatrics / Endocrinology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Congenital hypothyroidism most commonly results from agenesis, dysplasia, or ectopy of the thyroid; however, it is also caused by autosomal recessive defects in the organification of iodine (thyroid hormone synthesis) and defects in other enzymatic steps in T4 synthesis and release.
		Congenital hypothyroidism: Most infants with congenital hypothyroidism are asymptomatic during the neonatal period or display subtle and nonspecific symptoms of thyroid hormone deficiency.
		Congenital hypothyroidism: Approximately 75% of infants with congenital hypothyroidism have defects in thyroid gland development, 10% have hereditary defects in thyroid hormone synthesis or uptake, 5% have secondary (pituitary) or tertiary (hypothalamus) hypothyroidism, and 10% have transient hypothyroidism.
	users3.ev1.net /~drtony/pediLoTh.htm (6455 words)

	[Clinical Preventive Services] Screening for Congenital Hypothyroidism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Screening for congenital hypothyroidism with thyroid function tests on dried-blood spot specimens is recommended for all newborns in the first week of life (see Clinical Intervention).
		In the U.S., congenital hypothyroidism occurs in 1 of 3,600-4,000 infants.1,2 Clinical diagnosis occurs in
		Screening for congenital hypothyroidism with thyroid function tests performed on dried-blood spot specimens is recommended for all newborns, optimally between days 2 and 6, but in all cases before newborn nursery discharge ("A" recommendation).
	cpmcnet.columbia.edu /texts/gcps/gcps0055.html (910 words)

	Congenital Hypothyroidism - Riley Hospital for Children (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Congenital Hypothyroidism is detected in the newborn infant by finding a high level of TSH (the hormone produced by the pituitary gland that controls the thyroid gland) and/or a low level of thyroxine (the hormone produced by the thyroid gland) on the blood spot collected for the Newborn Screen.
		Untreated hypothyroidism, or hypothyroidism that is treated too late, or with inadequate doses of thyroid hormone, places at risk the development and intelligence of the affected child.
		A child with congenital hypothyroidism who is receiving appropriate treatment should show steady growth along his or her appropriate percentile channel (this is judged on the basis of genetic background - heights and weights of parents) - ask for a copy of your child's growth chart.
	www.rileyhospital.org /document.jsp?locid=539 (1893 words)

	Congenital hypothyroidism - Family factsheets - GOSH and ICH
		In the UK, all babies are tested for congenital hypothyroidism soon after birth, using a tiny amount of blood taken from pricking their heel.
		Congenital hypothyroidism is treated by replacing the thyroxine that the body cannot produce.
		However, screening for congenital hypothyroidism has been happening in the UK for long enough for us to know that almost all children who are diagnosed and treated from an early age will grow up normally.
	www.gosh.nhs.uk /factsheets/families/F040274/index.html (937 words)

	Hypothyroidism
		Hypothyroidism is the condition in which the thyroid is underactive and is producing an insufficient amount of thyroid hormones.
		Congenital (present at birth) hypothyroidism is usually detected during the routine newborn screening.
		In about 10 percent of cases, congenital hypothyroidism is inherited by an autosomal recessive gene, which means that two copies of the gene are necessary to produce the condition and both males and females are equally affected.
	www.healthsystem.virginia.edu /uvahealth/peds_diabetes/hypothd.cfm (597 words)

	Congenital Hypothyroidism - New England Newborn Screening Program - UMass Medical School (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Hypothyroidism is a condition in which not enough thyroid hormone is produced.
		In most cases of congenital hypothyroidism the TSH is elevated indicating that the thyroid gland is not functioning properly.
		This type of hypothyroidism (thyroid dyshormonogenesis) is often inherited and when this type is found there is a 1:4 chance that a sibling will also be born with congenital hypothyroidism.
	www.umassmed.edu /nbs/screenings/disorders/hypothyroidism.cfm (1097 words)

	Lifespan's A - Z Health Information Library - Congenital hypothyroidism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Congenital hypothyroidism describes a newborn with decreased (or, very rarely, absent) thyroid hormone production.
		Hypothyroidism in the newborn may result from absence or abnormal development of the thyroid gland, destruction of the thyroid gland, failure of stimulation of the thyroid by the pituitary gland, or defective or abnormal formation of thyroid hormones.
		Destruction of the thyroid in the fetus may occur if the mother is treated with radioactive iodine for thyroid cancer while she is pregnant.
	www.lifespan.org /adam/healthillustratedencyclopedia/1/001193.html (586 words)

	magic foundation
		This is a disorder that affects infants from birth (congenital), resulting from the loss of thyroid function (hypothyroidism), normally due to failure of the thyroid gland to develop correctly.
		In most hypothyroid babies, there is no specific reason why the thyroid gland did not develop normally, although some of these children have an inherited form of this disorder.
		The usual way to discover congenital hypothyroidism is by a screening process done on all newborns between 24 and 72 hrs.
	www.magicfoundation.org /www/docs/114.125 (1173 words)

	THE MERCK MANUAL, Sec. 2, Ch. 8, Thyroid Disorders
		Primary hypothyroidism, the most common form, is probably an autoimmune disease, usually occurring as a result of Hashimoto's thyroiditis and is associated often with a firm goiter or, later in the disease process, with a shrunken fibrotic thyroid gland with little or no function.
		The symptoms and signs of primary hypothyroidism are generally in striking contrast to those of hyperthyroidism and may be quite subtle and insidious in onset.
		In the latter, TSH is released in response to TRH.
	www.merck.com /mrkshared/mmanual/section2/chapter8/8e.jsp (1393 words)

	COngenital Hypothyroidism (Cretinism) - Mehta Childcare - A Pediatrician's Website (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Children with untreated congenital hypothyroidism have a slow heart rate, a weak cry, constipation, mottling of the skin (a lace like appearance), swelling on the face and limbs, protrusion of the tongue, and cool hands and feet.
		Not all children show all these signs, and the diagnosis of congenital hypothyroidism is sometimes difficult, leading to delay in starting treatment.
		In the USA, for example, newborn screening for congenital hypothyroidism is done in all 50 states (and District of Columbia).
	www.mehtachildcare.com /diseases/hypothyroid.htm (569 words)

	Congenital Hypothyroidism and Nonimmune Hydrops Fetalis: Associated? -- Kessel et al. 103 (1): 9 -- Pediatrics
		Proposed pathophysiology of the association of congenital hypothyroidism with chylothorax and NIHF.
		of congenital hypothyroidism and chylothorax or NIHF in infants.
		Gestation is commonly prolonged in patients with congenital hypothyroidism.
	pediatrics.aappublications.org /cgi/content/full/103/1/e9 (1718 words)

	Hypothyroidism - The Merck Veterinary Manual
		Congenital primary hypothyroidism may result from one of various forms of thyroid dysgenesis (eg, athyreosis, thyroid hypoplasia) or from dyshormonogenesis (usually an inherited inability to organify iodide).
		Recognized causes of congenital hypothyroidism in the cat include intrathyroidal defects in thyroid hormone biosynthesis (dyshormonogenesis), an inability of the thyroid gland to respond to TSH, and thyroid dysgenesis.
		In primary congenital hypothyroidism, enlargement of the thyroid gland (goiter) also may be detected, depending on the cause of the hypothyroidism.
	www.merckvetmanual.com /mvm/htm/bc/40602.htm (2235 words)

	AllThyroid.org: Thyroid Disorders & Treatments - Thyroid Disease in Pregnancy & Childhood
		After recovering from the emotional shock of learning that their baby has congenital hypothyroidism, the first question invariably asked by the parents is, "Will our baby be normal?" Many parents confuse congenital hypothyroidism with cretinism and harbor the vision of their child becoming dwarfed and mentally retarded.
		When treatment is initiated before the appearance of clinical signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism, the intellectual outcome of the child is the same as that of children with normal thyroid function.
		This was shown by a group of New England hypothyroid children whose results in intelligence tests and in school performance were the same as those of their unaffected classmates.
	www.tsh.org /disorders/pregnancy/newborns.html (1124 words)

	Thyroid Disease in Childhood \| congenital hypothyroidism \| congenital goitre \| Hashimoto's thyroiditis
		In children with hypothyroidism an x-ray of the hand and wrist (knee in infants) may be taken to estimate the degree to which there has been a delay in bone growth.
		Congenital hypothyroidism, affecting one in 4000 newborn babies, used to be a major cause of mental retardation.
		In infants with congenital hypothyroidism, the thyroid gland, for reasons that are unknown, may either fail to develop or be much smaller than normal.
	www.thyroid.ca /Guides/HG09.html (1690 words)

	Congenital Hypothyroidism - DrGreene.com
		Hypothyroidism is the situation where there are either low levels of thyroid hormones or reasons why the thyroid hormones are not able to carry out their functions.
		Hypothyroidism usually cannot be prevented, but the mental retardation and other complications usually can be prevented by prompt diagnosis and treatment.
		Hypothyroidism, PKU, and fetal alcohol syndrome are each important causes of preventable mental retardation.
	www.drgreene.com /21_1122.html (517 words)

	What Causes Hypothyroidism?
		The vast majority of cases of childhood hypothyroidism (95% or more) are caused by a problem within the thyroid gland or by lack of a thyroid gland.
		Hypothyroidism present from birth is called congenital hypothyroidism (congenital means at birth), or CH.
		In almost all of these cases, the hypothyroidism is due to antithyroid substances that crossed from the mother's bloodstream into the unborn baby's blood.
	www.ehealthmd.com /library/hypothyroidismchildren/HYC_causes.html (1096 words)

	Congenital Hypothyroidism - Guidelines for Health Professionals (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Early identification and appropriate treatment of infants with congenital hypothyroidism has been highly successful in reducing the severity of impairment from this disorder.
		The incidence of congenital hypothyroidism in Texas is approximately 1 in 2500 newborns.
		Congenital TBG deficiency is most often discovered through screening programs for neonatal hypothyroidism that utilize levels of T4, as the primary screen.
	www.dshs.state.tx.us /newborn/c_thyro.shtm (2030 words)

	Hypothyroidism
		The disorder may be acquired (a progressive deficiency of thyroid hormone) or congenital (meaning the animal is born with the disorder).
		It occurs as a result of gradual atrophy of the thyroid gland or of gradual infiltration and replacement of the thyroid gland with lymphocytes due to an autoimmune process (lymphocytic thyroiditis).
		Less commonly, a dog with hypothyroidism may experience heart disease, a bleeding disorder, profound muscular weakness associated with abnormalities in the muscles or nerves, or another endocrine disorder such as diabetes mellitus.
	www.btca.com /Health/articles/Hypothyroidism.htm (745 words)

	New Cause of Congenital Hypothyroidism Discovered - Articles
		And transient congenital hypothyroidism, which resolves within a few months after birth, can be caused by immunologic, environmental, and other external factors, but hasnever before been attributed to any genetic defect.
		According to researchers at the University of Amsterdam in the Netherlands, however, a molecular defect in what’s known as the thyroid oxidase system may be involved in both permanent and transient congenital hypothyroidism.
		It is also of interest because even though transient hypothyroidism resolves itself within months after birth, the genetic defect remains, and some people may again become hypothyroid during periods when the body has a higher need for thyroid hormone—such as during pregnancy.
	www.thyroid-info.com /articles/conghypo.htm (396 words)

	Congenital hypothyroidism Journal of Family Practice - Find Articles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		History of post-date birth, macrosomia, neonatal jaundice, distressed or noisy respiration, and a large tongue have also been associated with congenital hypothyroidism.[7] In one study of 41 hypothyroid infants, female infants were affected twice as often as male infants.
		Although Letarte et al [8] have developed a neonatal hypothyroid index, which includes 14 signs and symptoms associated with congenital hypothyroidism, screening tests will continue to be the essential diagnostic tools.
		Thyroid dysgenesis is the major cause of permanent congenital hypothyroidism, accounting for 80% to 90% of cases.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0689/is_n1_v29/ai_7932743 (718 words)

	eMedicine - Congenital Hypothyroidism : Article by Daniel Postellon, MD
		The morbidity from congenital hypothyroidism can be reduced to a minimum by early diagnosis and treatment, which was made feasible 20 years ago by the development of radioimmunoassay for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroxine (T4) from blood spots for neonatal screening.
		Race: Congenital hypothyroidism is observed in all racial and ethnic populations.
		In such cases, hypothyroidism is usually milder and not associated with the significant neurologic morbidity observed in primary hypothyroidism.
	www.emedicine.com /ped/topic501.htm (3928 words)

	Medical Dictionary: Hypothyroidism, congenital - WrongDiagnosis.com
		Hypothyroidism, congenital: condition due to congenital lack of thyroid hormone, marked by arrested physical and mental development, dystrophy of the bones and soft parts, and lowered basal metabolism; it is the congenital form of thyroid deficiency, while myxedema is the acquired form.
		Hypothyroidism, congenital: Another name for Congenital hypothyroidism (or close medical condition association).
		Hypothyroidism, congenital: Hypothyroidism, congenital is listed as a type of (or associated with) the following medical conditions in our database: Congenital conditions, Hypothyroidism
	www.wrongdiagnosis.com /medical/hypothyroidism_congenital.htm (297 words)

	Congenital Hypothyroidism
		Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is caused by a deficiency in the circulating thyroid hormone thyroxine.
		Elevated TSH levels, in the Borderline Risk or High Risk range, may be detected when the sample is collected in the first 24 hours of life due to the “normal” after birth TSH surge.
		Comment: Newborn screening can detect congenital hypothyroidism with a high degree of accuracy, but the physician should remain alert to clinical symptoms in older infants despite normal newborn screening results.
	www.dhss.mo.gov /Lab/Newborn/CongenitalHypothyroidism.html (456 words)

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