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Topic: Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974

	Evolution Of The Budget Process -- Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974
		In response to both the frustration generated by the fragmented nature of the congressional budget process and the perceived encroachment of the executive onto the budgetary turf of Congress, Congress passed the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974.
		This resolution, which the budget committees were to formulate by April 15 and the Congress was to pass no later than May 15 each year, was seen as an opportunity for the Congress to act on the budget as a unified whole, and provide a general budget blueprint for the authorizing and appropriations committees.
		There is general agreement that the Congressional Budget Act has led to a reassertion of the congressional role in budgeting, increased the attention of the Congress to the whole budget, and resulted in the control of impoundments.
	www.rules.house.gov /archives/jcoc2y.htm (1076 words)

	CRS Report: 96-912 - A Brief Introduction to the Federal Budget Process - NLE
		Most budget authority for the routine operating expenses of the federal government is 'one-year' funding, meaning that it may be obligated only during the one fiscal year for which it is made available; after that, the funds lapse and no longer are available to be obligated.
		Budget authority enacted for procurement, construction, and similar long-term activities, on the other hand, often is 'multiyear' or 'no-year' funding, which may be obligated during a set number of fiscal years or an indefinite period.
		At the time the budget is being considered, the fiscal year in progress is referred to as the current year; the upcoming fiscal year is called the budget year; and fiscal years after the budget year are known as the outyears.
	www.ncseonline.org /NLE/CRSreports/information/info-6.cfm?&CFID=4566659&CFTOKEN=46086959 (3119 words)

	List of United States federal legislation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		1924 - Immigration Act of 1924 (Johnson-Reed Act)
		1956 - Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1956, nicknamed the National Interstate and Defense Highways Act of 1956
		1986 - Goldwater-Nichols Act of 1986 (Defense Reorganization)
	hallencyclopedia.com /List_of_United_States_federal_legislation (799 words)

	Welcome to The American Presidency
		The incumbent possesses several reelection advantages: the perquisites of the congressional office are available to the incumbent; he or she is likely to be well known in the state or district; and the incumbent is better able to raise campaign money.
		Both houses have budget committees whose job it is to set expenditure targets for each fiscal year and to establish the authorized level of the national debt.
		The growing workload of congressional committees, and the proliferation of subcommittees, until 1995, was paralleled by a remarkable growth in congressional staffing.
	ap.grolier.com /article?assetid=0070050-0&templatename=/article/articl... (2946 words)

	Why Budgets Matter by Dennis S. Ippolito
		In January 2001, budget surpluses of $5.6 trillion were projected for the first decade of the twenty-first century, and policymakers were debating how to allocate these surpluses and to prepare for future demographic pressures on federal retirement and healthcare spending.
		Within each era, budget policy is examined in terms of major spending and tax issues, the institutional arrangements of the budget process, and the effectiveness of budget control.
		The chapters that follow trace the evolution of budget policy from the nation’s founding through the modern era, and the purpose of this historical analysis is to document the growth of government over time and to explore the factors that have shaped that growth.
	www.psupress.org /Justataste/samplechapters/justatasteIppolito.html (4441 words)

	THE BUDGET PROCESS AND THE BUDGET RESOLUTION
		The Budget Act specifies that the President’s budget should be presented to Congress on or before the first Monday in February, which usually coincides with the President’s State of the Union Address.
		The President’s budget is generally viewed as a detailed outline of the Administration’s policy and funding priorities as well as a presentation of the economic outlook for the coming fiscal year.
		Once the budget resolution conference report is adopted by both the House and the Senate, its terms govern the remainder of the budget process for that year.
	www.rules.house.gov /archives/bud_procres.htm (945 words)

	Senate Budget Committee - Democratic Staff Website
		Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act - Declares the purposes of this Act.
		Requires that concurrent resolutions on the budget must be adopted before appropriations and changes in revenues and the public debt limit are made.
		Requires the Director of the Congressional Budget Office, to the extent practical, to prepare an estimate of costs expected to be incurred in carrying out each bill or resolution.
	www.senate.gov /~budget/democratic/budgetact.html (683 words)

	[No title]
		Budget authority may be classified by the period of availability (l-year, multiple-year, no-year, by the timing of legislative actions (current or permanent), or by the manner of determining the amount available (definite or indefinite).
		Budget authority that remains available for obligation for an indefinite period of time, usually until the objectives for which the authority was made available are attained.
		The first, due by 15 May, establishes the congressional budget targets for the next fiscal year; the second, scheduled to be passed by 15 Sep, sets a ceiling on budget authority and outlays and a floor on receipts.
	www.asbar.org /Regs/asac5.htm (9508 words)

	TheCapitol.Net > Glossary > C
		It also is used as the vehicle for expressing the sense of Congress on various foreign policy and domestic issues, and it serves as the vehicle for coordinated decisions on the federal budget under the 1974 Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act.
		Budget authority contained in an authorization bill that permits the federal government to enter into contracts or other obligations for future payments from funds not yet appropriated by Congress.
		The president transmits these estimates of budget authority and outlays to Congress, accompanied by the underlying economic and policy assumptions upon which they are based, when the budget is submitted.
	www.thecapitol.net /glossary/c.htm (2707 words)

	What’s Wrong with the Federal Budget Process (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Another cause of failure is the lack of urgency for budget discipline controls during a recent period of soaring government revenues and budget surpluses.
		The 1974 Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act required that all annual appropriations bills be coordinated under the umbrella of a broad budget resolution that set general budgetary priorities.
		However, these multi-year constraints fail to settle the question of whether the budget process should be used to limit spending (as discretionary caps suggest) or to slow the growth of the budget deficit, regardless of government size (as PAYGO suggests).
	new.heritage.org /Research/Budget/bg1816.cfm (9334 words)

	Congressional Budget Process (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 as amended provides Congress with a procedure establishing appropriate spending and revenue levels for each year.
		The congressional budget process, as set out in the 1974 Budget Act, is designed to coordinate decisions on sources and levels of revenues and on objects and levels of expenditures.
		After Congress has completed action on a concurrent resolution on the budget for a fiscal year, it is generally not in order to consider legislation that does not conform to the constraints on spending and revenue set out in the resolution.
	usinfo.org /facts/gov/budget.process.html (499 words)

	What's Wrong with the Federal Budget Process
		Another cause of failure is the lack of urgency for budget discipline controls during a recent period of soaring government revenues and budget surpluses.
		The 1974 Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act required that all annual appropriations bills be coordinated under the umbrella of a broad budget resolution that set general budgetary priorities.
		However, these multi-year constraints fail to settle the question of whether the budget process should be used to limit spending (as discretionary caps suggest) or to slow the growth of the budget deficit, regardless of government size (as PAYGO suggests).
	www.heritage.org /Research/Budget/bg1816.cfm (9380 words)

	The Center for Regulatory Effectiveness: A Working Paper on the Cost of Federal Regulation (1979)
		Our question concerning the appropriate legal means to implement the regulatory budget could be analyzed by reference to many possible "options" or mechanisms, each of which would vest a differing amount of authority in the President or the Congress, respectively, to establish regulatory budgets for the various federal agencies.
		This action is a "rescission" or "deferral" as contemplated by the Act since OSHA would not be complying with the mandate of the appropriation act which directed that $171,224,000 be spent on necessary expenses.
		The examples show that each individual case of a regulatory budget that causes the cancellation or curtailment of an agency's regulatory program would have to be closely examined to determine whether any action is required under the Congressional Budget and Impoundement Control Act of 1974.
	www.thecre.com /ombpapers/part7.html (3892 words)

	ACPA - College Student Educators International
		Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 - The law by which Congress changed its budget process; the act also created the Congressional Budget Office and the Senate and House Budget Committees.
		The basic forms of budget authority are appropriations, contract authority and borrowing authority.
		Budget Committees - A committee in each chamber that coordinates spending legislation and formulates the overall congressional budget.
	www.myacpa.org /pd/pd_glossary.cfm (1740 words)

	The Annual Budget Process
		The budget resolution, which covers the upcoming fiscal year and at leastfive ensuing fiscal years, must contain spending limits for discretionaryspending that serve as an internal control on spending through the Appropriationsprocess.
		Although the Budget Act outlinesthe procedures for floor consideration of the budget resolution in bothbodies, in the House, the budget resolution traditionally is granted a specialrule by the Rules Committee to dictate the terms of floor consideration.
		Among the provisions in the budget resolution are spending allocations,the annual limits on discretionary spending, affectionately referredtoas the 302 (a) and 602(a) allocations -- this term is derived from the sectionsin the Budget Act that specify the process for allocating this money.
	usa.usembassy.de /etexts/gov/bud/annual.htm (2244 words)

	[No title]
		Procedure in House of Representatives and Senate -STATUTE- (a) Referral Any rescission bill introduced with respect to a special message or impoundment resolution introduced with respect to a proposed deferral of budget authority shall be referred to the appropriate committee of the House of Representatives or the Senate, as the case may be.
		The time shall be equally divided between, and controlled by, the majority leader and the minority leader or their designees.
		Such leaders, or either of them, may, from the time under their control on the passage of a rescission bill or impoundment resolution, allot additional time to any Senator during the consideration of any amendment, debatable motion, or appeal.
	uscode.house.gov /download/pls/02C17B.txt (2448 words)

	Category: Presidential messages \| Congress votes database \| washingtonpost.com
		To amend the Congressional and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 to provide for the expedited consideration of certain proposed rescissions of budget authority.
		To amend the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 to provide for the expedited consideration of certain proposed rescissions of budget authority.
		To amend the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 to establish procedures for the expedited consideration by the Congress of certain proposals by the President to rescind amounts of budget authority.
	projects.washingtonpost.com /congress/bill-categories/presidential-messages (320 words)

	United States Senate Budget Committee
		The Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974, as amended, has played a central role in the formulation and implementation of Federal fiscal policy in the last quarter of this century.
		While this revised print does not represent the views of the Committee on the Budget or any of its members, it was prepared to be an accurate and objective explanation of the process.
		OMB's predominant mission is to assist the President in overseeing the preparation of the Federal budget and tosupervise its administration in Executive Branch agencies.
	www.senate.gov /~budget/republican/newbudgetbackground.htm (146 words)

	Budget Process Reform
		The 1974 Act was intended as a vehicle for increased congressional control and budgetary initiative, and in accomplishing that purpose, it wrested control at the expense of the Executive Branch.
		These committees have no responsibility for overall budget levels, so they tend to focus their efforts on providing program resources for their individual constituencies.[10] An analogy often employed to make the incentives in this type of situation clear is that of the communal apple tree.
		GAO notes in a study of 25 states that half of projected current-year budget deficits were achieved by spending reductions.[13] Only a few states have a tax-limitation provision.
	www.house.gov /jec/fiscal/budget/process.htm (4493 words)

	Senate Budget Committee - Democratic Staff Website
		Second, the legislative language recommended by committees is packaged "without any substantive revision" into one or more reconciliation bills, as set forth in the budget resolution, by the House and Senate Budget Committees.
		If more than one committee is directed to report legislative changes, which is often the case, those recommendations are submitted to the Budget Committees.
		The process is provided by section 310 of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (CBA), P.L. 93-344, titles I-IX, as amended.
	www.senate.gov /~budget/democratic/crsbackground/reconciliation.html (732 words)

	Small Business Administration - Office of Advocacy: The Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (Summary)
		Requires appropriate statements to be prepared by the CBO Director for legislation passed or reported by a conference committee in an amended form with a mandate not previously considered or with an increase in the direct cost of a previously considered mandate.
		Requires any congressional committee that anticipates considering any legislative proposal establishing, amending, or reauthorizing any Federal program likely to have a significant impact on any State, local, or tribal government or on the private sector to include its views and estimates on that proposal to the applicable budget committee.
		104) Amends the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 to repeal existing requirements for CBO that mandate cost estimates that are superseded by this Act.
	www.sba.gov /advo/laws/sum_unf.html (657 words)

	line of control
		Charles Sanctuary on the 700 km-long Line of Control that has been a source of conflict for almost the entire 50 years of both states' existence.
		On-line Admission Control and Packet Scheduling with Interleaving … On-line admission control in various models has been studied extensively.
		… Control Act (Title X of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974) was amended by adding at the end a new section on "line item veto …
	www.jaramillolaw.com /line-of-control.html (220 words)

	SSRN-The Impoundment Control Act of 1974: Restraining or Reviving Presidential Power? by Virginia McMurtry
		This article examines the events leading up to the passage of the Impoundment Control Act as Title X of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 and the framework established by the law.
		On April 10, 1997, the new law was found unconstitutional by a district court, but on June 26 the Supreme Court set aside that earlier decision on jurisdictional grounds, ruling that the plaintiffs (six members of Congress) lacked proper legal standing to bring the case (Raines v.
		McMurtry, Virginia A., "The Impoundment Control Act of 1974: Restraining or Reviving Presidential Power?".
	papers.ssrn.com /sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=465703 (358 words)

	CPD - Homeless Assistance - Laws and Regulations, Sec. 11303. Funding Availability and Limitations [Section 104 of the ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974, referred to in subsec.
		For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 621 of Title 2, The Congress, and Tables.
		The Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985, referred to in subsec.
	www.hud.gov /offices/cpd/homeless/rulesandregs/laws/title1/sec11303.cfm (216 words)

	Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act (1974): Major Acts of Congress
		Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act (1974): Major Acts of Congress
		Excerpt from the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act
		n response to decades of budget conflicts between presidents and the legislative branch, in 1974 Congress passed the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act (P.L. 93-344, 88 Stat.
	law.enotes.com /major-acts-congress/congressional-budget-impoundment-control-act (136 words)

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