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Topic: Connection (fiber bundle)

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	PlanetMath: connection
		Since the notions of connection, parallel transport, and covariant derivative are so closely related, it is easy to translate propositions involving one of these terms into propositions involving a different one of three terms.
		Sometimes, as in the theory of embedded surfaces, there are two connections present so a semicolon is used to indicate covariant derivatives with repsect to one connection and a vertical bar or a colon is used to indicate covariant derivatives with respect to the other connection.
		By using the connection, we could generate a transformation of the fiber which is not described by the structure group of the bundle.
	planetmath.org /encyclopedia/Connection.html (3013 words)

	[No title]
		Three major types are: (a) mode dispersion caused by differential optical path lengths in a multimode fiber; (b) material dispersion caused by a differential delay of various wavelengths of light in a waveguide material; and (c) waveguide dispersion caused by light traveling in both the core and cladding materials in singlemode fibers.
		In a fiber interconnection, that portion of loss that is not intrinsic to the fiber but is related to imperfect joining, which may be caused by the connector or splice.
		Fiber design in which the refractive index of the core is lower toward the outside of the fiber core and increases toward the center of the core; thus it bends the rays inward and allows them to travel faster in the lower index of refraction region.
	www.itcom.itd.umich.edu /cabling/fib-glos.html (4298 words)

	IX. Neurology. 1. Structure of the Nervous System. Gray, Henry. 1918. Anatomy of the Human Body.
		In some cases where two fibers are apparently connected with a cell, one of the fibers is really derived from an adjoining nerve cell and is passing to end in a ramification around the ganglion cell, or, again, it may be coiled spirally around the nerve process which is issuing from the cell.
		In external appearance the non-medullated nerve fibers are semitransparent and gray or yellowish gray.
		A small bundle of fibers, enclosed in a tubular sheath, is called a funiculus; if the nerve is of small size, it may consist only of a single funiculus; but if large, the funiculi are collected together into larger bundles or fasciculi, which are bound together in a common membranous investment.
	www.bartleby.com /107/183.html (4306 words)

	World Intellectual Property Organization (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01)
		It is known in the art of imaging optic fibers and optic fibers for signal transmission to create a fiber optic bundle by heating and drawing glass fibers which are spaced apart by or encapsulated in leachable spacers in order to form a fused optic fiber bundle.
		The ends of the optic fiber bundle are masked or protected, and the bundle is then placed in a leaching agent which leaches the leachable spacers from center section of the bundle between the protected ends.
		For example, for fiber bundles having a round cross-sectional area, the inner diameter of the ferrule 30 should be greater than the diameter of the fiber bundle.
	www.wipo.int /ipdl/IPDL-CIMAGES/view/pct/getbykey5?KEY=03/87892.031023&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (2380 words)

	Patent 4376095: Hollow fiber-type artificial lung having enclosed heat exchanger
		The hollow fiber bundle is preferably constricted at the central portion to increase the packing ratio of the hollow fibers.
		Thus the packing ratio of the hollow fibers 5 (the ratio of an integrated sectional area of the fibers 5 to the sectional area of the bundle 15) differs with various axial portions of the bundle 15 and is highest at the central portion.
		The tube bundle is inserted into the small diameter portion 40b of the mold cap 40 to positively hold the tubes 25, whereas the large diameter portion 40a of the mold cap 40 is inserted into the interior of the covers 23, 24.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4376095.html (4373 words)

	Dark Fiber, Fiber Optics, Wide Area Networks \| FAQ’s \| Sunesys
		Fiber breaks are very rare and typically any given span of 10 km of fiber will suffer an average of less than 5 minutes of outage due to breaks in a year.
		The fiber provider will splice fibers tube by tube or ribbon by ribbon or fiber bundle by fiber bundle, rotating between tubes or ribbons operated by the separate users of the cable, including the customer, in accordance with a priority and rotation provided for in the maintenance contract.
		In general, priority among users of the fiber cable affected by a cut shall be determined on a rotating restoration-by-restoration and segment-by-segment basis, to provide fair and equitable restoration priority to all users of the cable, subject only to such restoration priority to which is contractually obligated by the fiber provider.
	www.sunesys.com /FAQs.asp (1869 words)

	corning optical fiber - media center
		The diverse options in fiber type and networking electronics, combined with the inherent cost-efficient upgradeability of fiber, means utilities have the ultimate flexibility in deciding when and how to reap benefits in efficiency improvements and new revenue streams that fiber-optic networks assure.
		When fewer than 36 fibers are called for, the cable generally is designed with six fibers in each "buffer tube," or section of the cable.
		Standard fiber counts of 144 or 216 are not unusual in carrier's carrier scenarios, although the average fiber counts deployed by utilities today are in the area of 40 to 60.
	www.corning.com /opticalfiber/media_center/article_reprints/r1081.aspx (2793 words)

	Dive and Discover : Hot Topics : Fiber Optics
		Fiber optic technology was developed in the early 1970’s and is rapidly replacing traditional copper cable for transmitting information over hundreds to thousands of miles.
		Fiber optic cable is made of many thin strands of coated glass fibers.
		Underwater fiber optic cables are used to connect instruments on the seafloor to shore based labs.
	www.divediscover.whoi.edu /hottopics/fiberoptic.html (723 words)

	World Intellectual Property Organization (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01)
		The connection assembly as defined in claim 75, wherein said diffuser is plate-like having substantially flat, opposed surfaces, and is disposed across the transverse cross-sectional dimension of the connector passage.
		The connection assembly as defined in claim 76, wherein said connector body is adapted to position the first bundle transmission end and the second bundle receiving end a distance in the range of about 8.0 mm to about 15.0 mm from the respective opposed surface of the diffuser device.
		To protect the exterior fiber optic bundle portions 50 and 51 of the fiber optic bundle 35 and to reduce the introduction of exterior light or noise into the fiber optic strands, a segmented, flexible metal jacket (not shown) is placed around these portions which is further surrounded by a flexible PVC sleeve 42.
	www.wipo.int /ipdl/IPDL-CIMAGES/view/pct/getbykey5?KEY=03/73079.030904&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (9545 words)

	Webopedia: Optical Network Reference
		Fiber optics is a technology that uses glass (or plastic) threads, called fibers to transmit data.
		Over metal cables, fiber optics provide a much greater bandwidth to carry more data, they are are less susceptible than metal cables to interference, they are thinner and lighter than metal wires, and most importantly data can be transmitted digitally (the natural form for computer data) through the use of fiber optics.
		This distribution network is provided by a single optical fiber running to the home, as opposed to stopping at the curb and being carried to the home by coaxial.
	www.webopedia.com /quick_ref/optical_network.asp (1017 words)

	Patent 4245507: Temperature probe
		Located proximate the other end 16 of the optical bundle is a light responsive element 30 which is adapted to sense the levels of light or radiation emitted by the temperature sensitive element 20 and passed through the optical bundle toward it.
		The other end 50 of the optical fiber bundle 40 is located outside and away from the electromagnetic field and has associated with it a source of illumination 52 which may take any one of a number of configurations as previously discussed.
		It should be noted, however, that the single bundle of optical fibers 40 may be utilized for both incoming as well as outgoing illumination due to the frequency differential properties of the luminescent material 44 used at the end of the probe.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4245507.html (4566 words)

	Fiber-optic lighting hass all the effects
		Glass fiber, which is usually the end-emitting type, has particular advantages including the fact that glass material does not lose its transparency (become yellow) over time, since it is unaffected by UV or IR energy.
		If the light is to project along the entire length of the fiber bundle (side-emitting), a clear plastic sheathing is used to continuously "leak" light along the surface.
		A specific optical fiber is used based on the angle of acceptance of the fiber, the position of the fiber in relation to the source and the construction of the fiber bundle.
	ewweb.com /mag/electric_fiberoptic_lighting_hass (1762 words)

	Poly-Optical Fiber Optic Specification page
		Stable - Optical fiber is not affected by extremes in humidity (0% to 100%) and temperature (-55 C to +75 C).
		The fibers at each end of the bundle are compressed tightly, cut off perpendicular to the axis of the fibers, and polished to permit light to efficiently pass into and out of the bundle.
		The brightness of a fiber optic backlighting panel is determined by the following factors: the number of fiber layers of fiber, the light source, the number of tails, reflective material, and brightness enhancement film.
	www.poly-optical.com /specifications.html (1591 words)

	Free Community Services (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01)
		Three major types are: (a) mode dispersion caused by differential optical path lengths in a multimode fiber; (b) material dispersion caused by a differential delay of various wavelengths of light in a waveguide material; and (c) waveguide dispersion caused by light traveling in both the core and cladding materials in single mode fibers.
		Extrinsic Loss - In a fiber interconnection, that portion of loss that is not intrinsic to the fiber but is related to imperfect joining, which may be caused by the connector or splice.
		Graded Index - Fiber design in which the refractive index of the core is lower toward the outside of the fiber core and increases toward the center of the core; thus it bends the rays inward and allows them to travel faster in the lower index of refraction region.
	www.fiberoptic.com /adt_fiber_optic_glossary.asp (5026 words)

	Paper Abstract (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01)
		In the presence of a symmetry which leads to a conservation law, the self-propulsion of such a body due to cyclic changes in shape is described by the corresponding mechanical connection on the configuration bundle.
		Both connections may be represented locally in terms of the variables describing the body's shape.
		In the presence of both inertial and viscous effects, the equations of motion may be written in terms of the two local connection forms as an affine control system with drift on the manifold of configurations and body momenta.
	www.cds.caltech.edu /~murray/papers/1996f_km96-cdc.html (165 words)

	Bundle Gerbes: General Idea and Definition \| The n-Category Café
		A bundle gerbe is a categorification of a transition function of a fiber bundle.
		A gerbe is rather a categorification of the sheaf of sections of a fiber bundle.
		For complex line bundle gerbes the above definition can be understood as obtained from the definition of a transition function of a line bundle by replacing the monoid of complex numbers by the monoidal category of 1-dimensional complex vector spaces; and by replacing equations between numbers by coherent (here: associative) isomorphisms of vector spaces.
	golem.ph.utexas.edu /category/2006/10/bundle_gerbes.html (922 words)

	Fiber Optic Cable Glossary
		The core is the center of a fiber, surrounded by concentric cladding of lower refractive index.
		At a termination point, cable fibers must be separated from the cable to their separate connection positions.
		Such fibers have a large numerical aperture, are simple to connect, but have lower bandwidth than other types of optical fibers.
	www.fiberinstrumentsales.com /communicator/4.06/fiber_optic_cable_glossery.html (600 words)

	Sensors Magazine Online - November 2001 - Linear Gap Displacement Transducer Sheds Light on Proximity Sensing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01)
		The three fiber bundles in the probe are arranged in concentric rings at the sensing end of the probe.
		The probe consists of concentric fiber rings that illuminate the target surface, measure the reflected light, and derive a measurement of the distance to the target.
		Divergent light emitted from the central bundle is reflected from the target surface back to the probe end and is collected by the two outer fiber bundle rings.
	www.sensorsmag.com /articles/1101/18/main.shtml (1978 words)

	The Fundamentals of Fiber Optic Lighting
		A solid polymer fiber, up to 20 mm in diameter, which is clad with a thin material having a lower refractive index than the core.
		A solid polymer optical fiber, up to 2 mm in diameter, which is clad with a thin material having a lower refractive index than the core.
		Fiber optic lighting is perfect for historical structures when you can't penetrate existing material.
	ecmweb.com /mag/electric_fundamentals_fiber_optic/index.html (1290 words)

	Fiber Optic Lighting Dries Out
		This fiber optic cable, or tube, employs a lighting characteristic called total internal reflection to carry the light throughout the length of the cable.
		The light entering the fiber optic tube is trapped within the core and is continually reflected as it moves down the path.
		Consider also that the optical fiber is specified on the basis of the beam spread and focus of the lamp, the “angle of acceptance” of the fiber, the location of the fiber relative to the light source, and how the fiber is bundled.
	ecmweb.com /mag/electric_fiber_optic_lighting/index.html (1674 words)

	Constructing a Fiber Bundle with Fractal Fibers
		A vector fiber space creates a vector bundle and is classified either algebraically by characteristic classes which are elements of homology groups OR geometrically by maps to classifying spaces.
		Connection A <> Curvature dA <> Torsion A ^ dA <> Hypervolume dA ^ dA...
		A Fiber Bundle with a Fractal as a Fiber
	www.globalactivity.com /flash1/cyclicbundle.html (633 words)

	The Affine Connection (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01)
		There is generally no connection between vectors in tangent spaces at different points except a topological construct called a fiber-bundle that is about vectors at nearby points on the manifold being nearly equal.
		On a manifold an affine connection is a mathematical structure that allows parallel transport of vectors along a path.
		A metric for a manifold determines an affine connection.
	www.cap-lore.com /MathPhys/AffineConnec.html (269 words)

	Industrial Fiber Optics, Inc.
		Threads on the fiber adapter are 32 threads per inch and 3/4-inch in diameter.
		This versatile fiber optic component – only one inch long and 1/4-inch square – contains thousands of small fibers fused together that transmit a coherent optical image from one end to the other.
		Ideal for demonstrating the miniaturization of fiber optics and point-to-point image transfer capabilities of a coherent fiber optics bundle.
	www.i-fiberoptics.com /educ/misc.htm (460 words)

	Bundle Gerbes: Connections and Surface Transport \| The n-Category Café
		Like bundle gerbes are a categorification of transitions in fiber bundles, bundle gerbes with connection are a categorification of transitions in fiber bundles with connection.
		From a line bundle gerbe with connection one obtains a notion of parallel transport along surfaces in a way that generalizes the procedure for locally trivialized fiber bundles with connection.
		For bundle gerbes this generalizes to a procedure that assigns a triangulation to a closed surface, that lifts faces, edges, and vertices to single, double and triple intersections, respectively, and which assigns the exponentiated integrals of the 2-form over faces, of the connection 1-form over edges, and assigns the isomorphism
	golem.ph.utexas.edu /category/2006/10/bundle_gerbes_connections_and.html (3133 words)

	Fiber Optic Glossary: E (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01)
		Light is not distributed in the fiber core uniformly.
		A fiber optic bundle used for imaging and viewing inside the human body.
		Optical fibers doped with the rare earth element, erbium, which can amplify light in the 1550 nm region when pumped by an external light source.
	www.mrfiber.com /glossary-e.htm (465 words)

	Infrastructure - Optical fiber: blown or conventional? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01)
		This is one of the most widely used methods in the optical fiber cable industry to protect optical fibers from water, temperature and external influences that cause mechanical damage and deterioration of the optical performance of fibers.
		The fibers are broken out from the tube at interconnection boxes, and a furcation or breakout unit may be used to build up the fiber, providing additional protection and strength so a connector can be attached for routing or connection to the end device.
		In the Sumitomo blowing process, where fibers are blown in as a bundle, a tip is placed on the end of the fiber bundle, keeping it from getting caught on the joints of the push-fit connectors where the tube cables connect together.
	www.comnews.com /stories/articles/0704/0704optical_fiber.htm (1049 words)

	(WO 03/089973) OPTICAL FIBER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM AND METHOD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01)
		A ramp (14) supports the fiber bundle (34) as it extends from the substrate (12) to a storage tray (18) located at a second level.
		The optical fibers (16) are retained on the storage tray (18) as a plurality of unconstrained loops.
		The pathway (36), ramp (14) and tray (18) are formed to maintain the radius of curvature of the optical fiber (16) at or above the minimum bend radius of the fiber.
	wipo.int /ipdl/IPDL-CIMAGES/view/pct/getbykey5?KEY=03/89973.031030&... (272 words)

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