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Topic: Conrad IV

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	Courtly Lives - HRE Frederick II
		Leopold IV (1108-1141), Margrave of Austria in 1136, and Duke of Bavaria in 1139.
		Otto IV was of the House of Welf.
		Conrad IV was born on April 25, 1228, in Andria, Italy to Hohenstaufen Emperor Frederick II and queen regent of Jerusalem, Yolanda.
	www.angelfire.com /mi4/polcrt/FrederickIIHRE.html (2490 words)

	Conrad IV of Germany
		Conrad IV (1228 - May 20, 1254), was king of Germany 1237-1254, and king of Sicily and Jerusalem 1250-1254.
		Frederick deposed Conrad's older brother Henry, and had Conrad elected king of the Romans[?] in 1237, with Archbishop Siegfried II of Mainz acting as regent until 1241, when Henry Raspe[?], Landgrave of Thuringia took over.
		Conrad was excommunicated in 1254, but died of a fever in the same year, and it was left to his son Conradin to continue the struggle with the Papacy.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/co/Conrad_IV.html (162 words)

	Conrad IV - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Conrad IV 1228-54, German king (1237-54), king of Sicily and of Jerusalem (1250-54), son of Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II.
		The struggle for supremacy between Frederick and Pope Innocent IV resulted in the election (1246) of Raspe as antiking at the behest of the pope.
		When Frederick II died (1250) Conrad carried on the struggle with the pope, who was determined to bring about the downfall of the house of Hohenstaufen and to rule in Italy.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-conrad4.html (414 words)

	Conradin
		Conradin or Conrad the Younger (March 25, 1252 - October 29, 1268), duke of Swabia, titular king of Jerusalem and Sicily, son of the German king Conrad IV, and of Elizabeth, daughter of Otto II duke of Bavaria, was born at Wolfstein[?] in Bavaria.
		We know little of his appearance and character except that he was "beautiful as Absalom, and spoke good Latin." Although his father had entrusted him to the guardianship of the church, Pope Innocent IV pursued Conradin with relentless hatred and attempted to bestow the kingdom of Sicily on a foreign prince.
		Innocent's successor, Pope Alexander IV, continued this policy, offered the Hohenstaufen lands in Germany to Alfonso X, king of Castile, and forbade Conradin's election as king of the Romans[?].
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/co/Conradin.html (566 words)

	Conrad IV - LoveToKnow 1911
		Although defeated near Frankfort in August 1246 by the anti-king, Henry Raspe, landgrave of Thuringia, he obtained help from the towns and from his father-in-law Otto II., duke of Bavaria, and drove Henry Raspe to Thuringia.
		He was carrying on the struggle against Henry Raspe's successor, William II., count of Holland, when the emperor died in December 1250, and a few days later Conrad narrowly escaped assassination at Regensburg.
		Assuming the title of king of Jerusalem and Sicily, he raised an army by pledging his Swabian estates and marched to Italy in 1251, where with the help of his illegitimate half-brother, Manfred, he overran Apulia and took Capua and Naples.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Conrad_IV (327 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Salzburg
		Conrad henceforth devoted all his energy to his diocese; he replaced the secular clergy at the cathedral by Augustinian Canons, whose rule he himself adopted in 1122, and established a convent of canonesses.
		The decree of Alexander IV that each bishop-elect must be consecrated within half a year affected Philip immediately; as he paid no attention, Bishop Ulrich of Seckau was appointed in his place, and finally he himself was excommunicated and Salzburg placed under an interdict.
		In accordance with Ferdinand's demand for the use of the chalice by the laity in 1564, Pius IV granted this privilege for Germany and the Archdioceses of Gran and Prague; however, as the emperor's hopes were soon to be unfounded, the giving of Communion under both species ceased at Salzburg in 1571.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/13411b.htm (4468 words)

	Habermann Family History
		Conrad HABERMANN was born on Nov 9 1837 in Huttengesass, Hessen-Nassau, Prussia.
		Conrad BURBACH was born on Jan 11 1819 in Huttengesass, Hessen-Nassau, Prussia.
		Conrad HABERMANN Mittl was christened on Jun 7 1754 in Huttengesass, Hessen-Nassau, Prussia.
	www.heritagepursuit.com /HabermanCo2.htm (14312 words)

	Brumbaugh
		Conrad BRUMBACH (Johannes Henrich-1) was born in 1735 in Germany.
		Conrad BRUMBACH (Jacob (Jockel)-2, Johannes Henrich-1) was born in 1768.
		Conrad BRUMBAUGH (Henry-5, Conrad-4, Daniel-3, Conrad-2, Johannes Henrich-1) was born in 1855.
	userdata.acd.net /verng/verng/new_page_3.htm (11642 words)

	Pope Innocent IV
		When Celestine IV died after a short reign of sixteen days, the excommunicated emperor, Frederick II, was in possession of the States of the Church around Rome and attempted to intimidate the cardinals into electing a pope to his own liking.
		After the death of Conrad IV, 20 May, 1264, the pope finally recognized the hereditary claims of Conrad's two-year-old son Conradin.
		The registers of Innocent IV were edited by Elie Berger in four volumes (Paris, 1881-98) and his letters, 762 in number, by Rodenberg in "Mon.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/i/innocent_iv,pope.html (1311 words)

	ZIEG FAMILY GENEALOGY
		Conrad ZIEG was born on Dec 25 1829 in Huttengesass, Hessen-Nassau, Prussia.
		Conrad ZIEG was born on Jul 8 1810 in Huttengesass, Hessen-Nassau, Prussia.
		Conrad KROMM was christened on Aug 14 1755 in Huttengesass, Hessen-Nassau, Prussia.
	www.heritagepursuit.com /ZiegChr.htm (14997 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Pope Innocent IV
		When Celestine IV died after a short reign of sixteen days, the excommunicated emperor, Frederick II, was in possession of the jtates of the Church around Rome and attempted to intimidate the cardinals into electing a pope to his own liking.
		The cardinals fled to Anagni and cast their votes for Sinibaldo de Fiesehi, who ascended the papal throne as Innocent IV on 25 June, 1243, after an interregnum of 1 year, 7 months, and 15 days.
		In 1249 the pope ordered a crusade to be preached against Frederick II, and after the emperor's death (13 December, 1250), he continued the struggle against Conrad IV and Manfred with unrelenting severity.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/08017a.htm (1322 words)

	Manfred. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Conrad died in 1254, and Manfred seized the regency for Conrad’s young son, Conradin.
		However, Pope Innocent IV and his successors, Alexander IV and Urban IV, were determined to stamp out the Hohenstaufen.
		Urban IV reacted by investing Charles of Anjou with Sicily as Charles I.
	www.bartleby.com /65/ma/Manfred.html (222 words)

	CONRAD III - Online Information article about CONRAD III
		Lion, son of Henry the Proud, was confirmed in the duchy of Saxony, while Bavaria was given to Conrad's step-brother Henry Jasomirgott, margrave of Austria, who married Gertrude, the widow of Henry the Proud.
		Disorder was rampant in Saxony, Bavaria and Burgundy; and in 1146 war broke out between the Bavarians and the Hungarians.
		Conrad possessed military talents, and had many estimable qualities, but he lacked perseverance and foresight, and was hampered by his obligations to the See also:
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /COM_COR/CONRAD_III.html (1506 words)

	Holy Roman Emperors
		An excommunicated Emperor Henry IV, standing penitently barefoot in the snow outside the Papal castle at Canossa, is one of the most striking images of the Middle Ages.
		Of potentially greater value was the crown of Burgundy, claimed by Conrad II by inheritance in 1032.
		The other two, besides Conrad II himself, were Henry III and Frederick I, both indicated in the chart with the numbered Burgundian crown.
	www.fortunecity.com /millennium/family/1155/holyroma.htm (2859 words)

	HISTORY OF THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH*
		He had a checkered career of fortune and misfortune in a conflict with the emperor and four anti-popes; but he consistently adhered to his principles, and at last triumphed over his enemies by moral force and the material aid of the Normans in the south and the Lombards in the north.
		Roland was consecrated at Ninfa, Octavian in the convent of Farfa.
		against Henry IV., but with this great difference, that he was not zealous for a moral reformation of the Church and the clergy, like Hildebrand and Anselm, but only for the temporal power of the Church and the rights and immunities of the clergy.
	www.ccel.org /s/schaff/history/5_ch04.htm (15787 words)

	Stage Preview: Ferrara and Conrad alternate roles, interpretations for 'Henry IV' (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		In Shakespeare's "Henry IV," Prince Hal and the rebel Hotspur are obsessed with each other, but they meet only once, in their fatal showdown.
		Conrad, a Pittsburgh native who has acted here at the Public Theater ("Arcadia") and JCC ("Three Days of Rain"), is better known for TV ("Relativity") and movie work ("Men of Honor").
		Conrad: I think we could play either one, depending on which star was playing the lead.
	www.post-gazette.com /pg/05107/488388.stm (1727 words)

	INNOCENT IV
		INNOCENT IV When after a stormy interval of over seventeen months, the cardinals managed to hold an election at Anagni in June 1243, they quickly elected Sinibaldo de' Fieschi.
		When Frederick heard of his deposition, he is said to have placed a crown on his head and defied the Pope to knock it off.
		Conrad left his baby son to the Pope's guardianship, and Innocent recognized the rights of the little Conrad to Sicily.
	www.cfpeople.org /Books/Pope/POPEp178.htm (492 words)

	New Catholic Dictionary: Innocent IV, Pope (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Pope Innocent IV Pope from 1243 to 1254.
		After the death of Frederick he continued the struggle against Conrad IV and Manfred.
		Innocent is the author of a commentary on the decretals of Pope Gregory IX.
	www.catholic-forum.com /SAINTS/ncd00209.htm (179 words)

	ELT Index IV
		Conrad and Imperialism: Ideological Boundaries and Visionary Frontiers (London: Macmillan, 1983), 28:4 (1985), 437-41.
		Conrad's Rebels: The Psychology of Revolution in the Novels from `Nostromo' to `Victory' (Ann Arbor: UMI Research Press, 1985), 29:1 (1986), 101-03.
		Conrad and Masculinity (Basingstoke: Macmillan, 2000), 44:3 (2001), 381-85.
	www.uncg.edu /eng/elt/index1.htm (10477 words)

	Germany, the Stem Duchies & Marches
		Since Gordon's list jumps from Conrad I to Conrad VI of Franconia (with an unnumbered "Conrad the Younger"), one is left to suspect that more is known about some other Conrads.
		Albert IV The Saxons were the last German tribe to be conquered by the Franks and Christianized.
		Rudolf IV of Hapsburg got himself elected Emperor, the first after the Great Interregnum (1254-1273) which followed the fall of the Hohenstaufen, and used his power to obtain the Duchy of Austria, killing Ottokar II, Duke of Austria and King of Bohemia, at the Battle of Dürnkrut in 1278.
	www.friesian.com /germany.htm (10308 words)

	Pope Innocent IV
		Innocent IV, given name Sinibaldo Fiesco, Roman Catholic Pope 1243 to 1254, belonged to the noble Genoese family of the counts of Lavagna.
		He continued the struggle vigorously with Frederick's son and successor, Conrad IV, who in 1252 descended into Italy, reduced the rebellious cities and claimed the imperial crown.
		Innocent IV is comparable to his greater predecessor Innocent III.
	www.nndb.com /people/176/000094891 (1464 words)

	Italy during the Crusades (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Frederick died in 1250 and was succeeded by Conrad IV.
		The pope was determined to extinguish the "brood of vipers", as he called the Hohenstaufen, down to the last possible heir.
		Charles defeated Conrad, but before he could move in and take over Sicily, Conrad died (1254).
	crusades.boisestate.edu /europe/italy/04.shtml (815 words)

	Mays Business Online
		Conrad J. Netting IV ’69, master’s in accounting, CPA and partner at San Antonio’s Netting and Pace, is one of those children who never had the luxury of meeting his father.
		Although the younger Netting’s mother never mentioned it, his father’s belongings and the hundreds of letters that she and Conrad III had written back and forth throughout his two years of military service were safely sealed away in a footlocker that would not be found until after her death.
		More than 60 years after his father’s death, Conrad Netting IV spoke with Mays Business Online about his own life, as well as the book’s representation of the love and heartbreak experienced between his mother and the father he never met.
	maysbusiness.tamu.edu /2006/09/feature3.html (357 words)

	Conrad IV, ruler of the Holy Roman Empire — Infoplease.com
		Conrad IV Conrad IV, 1228–54, German king (1237–54), king of Sicily and of Jerusalem (1250–54), son of Holy Roman Emperor
		Frederick II He was elected (1237) king of the Romans at his father's instigation after Frederick had deposed Conrad's older brother Henry in Germany.
		Innocent IV resulted in the election (1246) of Raspe as antiking at the behest of the pope.
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/people/A0813271.html (335 words)

	Gipsy Moth IV (Sir Francis Chichester) A National Maritime Heritage Treasure.
		Conrad, who became the youngest skipper to win the BT Global Challenge in 2001 and the fifth British person to successfully complete the Vendee Globe is providing Peter with the opportunity to work with his Extreme 40 crew, looking after corporate clients and helping with the logistical support.
		Conrad Humphreys Racing has a mission to inspire young people to ‘get the most out of life’, and like the Gipsy Moth IV Project see the adventures of ocean sailing as an educational and inspirational platform for young people.
		Gipsy Moth IV is due to arrive back in Plymouth on the 28th May 2007, 40 years to the day since Sir Francis Chichester returned from his record breaking voyage.
	www.gipsymoth.org /press_38.asp (862 words)

	HISTORY OF THE HOUSE OF BOURBON - TWO SICILIES - The Royal House of Bourbon - Two Sicilies
		Ferdinand IV King of Naples and III, King of Sicily, retained the title Infant of Spain, and from 8 Dec 1816 reigned as King Ferdinand I of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies.
		Succession is by male primogeniture in the descendants of Ferdinand I, then by male primogeniture among the younger sons of Charles III, then to the descendants of Charles IV and failing such male heirs to the female most closely related to the last King (or Head of the House).
		Marriages of members of the House are regulated by the Sovereign Acts of 7 Apr 1829 and 12 Mar 1836, requiring Princes and Princesses to have prior permission of the King to marry, failing which the marriage would be null and void for succession purposes.
	www.borbone-due-sicilie.org /english/history.html (733 words)

	Conrad Joseph - Search Results - MSN Encarta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Conrad Joseph - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Conrad, Joseph (1857-1924), Polish-born British novelist, considered to be among the great modern English writers, whose work explores the...
		This obituary for Joseph Conrad appeared in The Times on August 4, 1924.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /Conrad_Joseph.html (95 words)

	Conrad IV of Germany - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Archbishop Siegfried II of Mainz acting as German regent until 1242, when Frederick chose Henry Raspe, Landgrave of Thuringia, and Wenceslaus I of Bohemia, to assume this function.
		When Frederick II died in the same year, he passed Sicily and Germany, as well as the title of Jerusalem, to Conrad, but the struggle with the pope continued.
		Having been defeated by William in 1251, Conrad decided to invade Italy in 1251 in the hope to regain the rich reign of his father, and where his brother Manfred acted as vicar.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Conrad_IV_of_Germany (418 words)

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