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Topic: Conscientious objection in East Germany

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	East
		East Hancock East Hancock is a residential neighbourhood in [1].
		East Lancashire Railway The East Lancashire Railway is a Bury to Heywood.
		East of England East of England is one of the 2001 census was 5,388,140.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /topics/east.html (8301 words)

	East Germany - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		East Germany, officially the German Democratic Republic (GDR), German Deutsche Demokratische Republik (DDR), was a Communist Party-led state that existed from 1949 to 1990 in the former Soviet occupation zone of Germany.
		East Germany adopted a socialist republic and became part of the Warsaw Pact, while West Germany became a liberal parliamentary republic and part of NATO.
		Thus, on October 3rd 1990 the East German population was the first from the Eastern Bloc to join the European Union as a part of the reunified Federal Republic of Germany.
	open-encyclopedia.com /East_Germany (1497 words)

	East Germany (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In Imperial Germany and Weimar Republic territory that would become East Germany was situated in the center of the state.
		East Germany, under Soviet influence, adopted a Marxist-Leninist official ideology and became part of the Warsaw Pact, while West Germany, influenced by the USA, became a liberal parliamentary republic and part of NATO.
		Many who had come to East Germany as anti-fascistss who were opposed to the quick reinstatement of Nazi functionaries and industry in the west found themselves captives of a dogmatic and economically weak state which, alone, was forced to pay reparations to the Soviet Union.
	www.esdng5.com /en/wikipedia/e/ea/east_germany.html (1512 words)

	Conscientious objector (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Many conscientious objectors are so for religious reasons -- notably, the Quakers are pacifist by doctrine and Jehovah's Witnesses, who, while not strictly speaking pacifists, refuse to participate in the armed services on the grounds that they believe Christians should be neutral in worldly conflicts.
		In the United States, the Supreme Court ruled in 1970 that it is not necessary for a conscientious objector to have a religious basis for their beliefs.
		Some conscientious objectors are unwilling to serve the military in any capacity, while others are willing to serve in non-combatant roles; in World War I, many conscientious objectors drove ambulances, often under fire.
	www.bidprobe.com /en/wikipedia/c/co/conscientious_objector.html (835 words)

	Conscientious objection (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In general, conscientious objection is a sincere conviction based on one's conscience that prohibits someone from participating in organized violence, especially all forms or certain aspects of war.
		Conscientious objection is most often based on religious beliefs but can also be on ethical, political or philosophical grounds.
		The most common form of conscientious objection is the one to compulsory military service (draft, conscription).
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/conscientious_objection (682 words)

	Conscientious objector - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		A conscientious objector is an individual whose personal beliefs are incompatible with military service, perhaps with any role in the armed forces or just with a particular war.
		Many conscientious objectors are so for religious reasons — notably, the Quakers are pacifist by doctrine and Jehovah's Witnesses, who, while not strictly speaking pacifists, refuse to participate in the armed services on the grounds that they believe Christians should be neutral in worldly conflicts.
		Because of their conscientious objection to participation in military service, whether armed or unarmed, Jehovah's Witnesses have often faced imprisonment or other penalties.
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/Conscientious_objector (400 words)

	Encyclopedia: Conscientious objectors (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		A conscientious objector is an individual whose personal beliefs are incompatible with military service, or sometimes with any role in the armed forces.
		Conscientious objection exists since the incorporation of forced military service but was not officially recognized until the twentieth century, when it was gradually recognized as a fundamental human right as a part of the freedom of conscience.
		While conscientious objectors - or short CO's - used to be seen as deserters, traitors, cowards, slackers or simply un-patriotic, their image has changed drastically in the Western world in past decades.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Conscientious-objectors (1079 words)

	Conscientious objector -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		A conscientious objector is an individual whose personal beliefs are incompatible with (A force that is a branch of the armed forces) military service, or sometimes with any role in the (The military forces of a nation) armed forces.
		Because of their conscientious objection to participation in (A force that is a branch of the armed forces) military service, whether armed or unarmed, (Click link for more info and facts about Jehovah's Witness) Jehovah's Witnesses have often faced imprisonment or other penalties.
		In (A republic in southeastern Europe on the southern part of the Balkan peninsula; known for grapes and olives and olive oil) Greece, for example, before the introduction of alternative civilian service in 1997, hundreds of Witnesses were imprisoned, some for three years or even more for their refusal.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/c/co/conscientious_objector.htm (280 words)

	CONSCIENTIOUS OBJECTION
		Conscientious objection, however, has historical roots going back much further, and linked with the major religious movements which have left their mark on the history of Europe.
		Conscientious objection arising from non-religious - humanist, socialist, anarchist - motives developed in Europe from the early 20th century, particularly in the aftermath of the First World War.
		Exceptionally, conscientious objection was recognised in East Germany by a decree of 7 September 1964, which allowed the performance of unarmed military service.
	www.ppu.org.uk /learn/infodocs/cos/st_co_eurohistory.html (1897 words)

	East Germany - Unipedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		East Germany, officially the German Democratic Republic (GDR), German Deutsche Demokratische Republik (DDR), was a Communist state that existed from 1949 to 1990 in the former Soviet occupation zone of Germany.
		In Imperial Germany and later during the time of the Weimar Republic, territory that would become East Germany was situated in the center of the state.
		Since Berlin was entirely enclosed in the Soviet part of Germany, the areas of Berlin being held under the control of the UK, the United States and France soon became known as West Berlin while the Soviet sector became known as East Berlin.
	www.unipedia.info /GDR.html (4682 words)

	World Almanac for Kids
		Germany has a temperate climate; the lowlands of the N are somewhat warmer than the higher elevations in the central and S regions.
		Germany’s principal seaports are Hamburg, Bremerhaven, and Wilhelmshaven on the North Sea, and Lübeck and Rostock on the Baltic.
		By the 10th century East Francia was being buffeted by new waves of pagan Danes, Magyars, and Moravians from the north and east and was virtually torn apart by rival tribes.
	www.worldalmanacforkids.com /explore/nations/germany.html (9265 words)

	Conscientious objection in East Germany (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Former Baueinheiten members were not allowed to pursue certain careers and were often turned down for university courses, despite Erich Honecker and Heinz Hoffman's insistence that the opposite was true.
		Construction Units (Baueinheiten) in the National People's Army in the German Democratic Republic: a Form of Conscientious Objection and Civil Disobedience
		Translation of "The Meaning of Being a Soldier", a booklet issued to East German draftees
	sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/conscientious_objection_in_east_germany (716 words)

	Conscientious Objection - An Important Decision
		Yinnon Hiller, aged 18, is a pacifist conscientious objector to military service from Israel.
		Please state whether, in your opinion, objection to enlistment as such is a legitimate and accepted expression of a pacifist's conscientious stand.
		Faced with no legal option for conscientious objection, a discharge on grounds of unfitness or poor health is virtually their only way out.
	www.jewishpeacefellowship.org /Objection.htm (7619 words)

	Friends United Meeting: About FUM - A Guide for Friends on Conscientious Objection to War
		The key phrases in the legal definition of conscientious objection are highlighted.
		Describe your beliefs which are the reasons for your claiming conscientious objection to combatant military training and service or to all military training and service.
		If it were enacted, conscientious objectors could pay their taxes in full and the military portion would be designated for peaceful purposes.
	www.fum.org /about/resources/coguide.html (5509 words)

	Berlin Germany History on Almondnet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Berlin The capital and largest city of Germany, in the northeast part of the country.
		Berlin, Germany - Built in 1961, Berlin Wall has been dividing the city into two...
		This article is about the city in Germany.
	www.ncpm.co.uk /popmusic/berlin_germany_history.html (460 words)

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