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Topic: Conscription in the United States

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	Conscription in the United States - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The United States first employed a form of conscription during the War of 1812.
		The Confederate States instituted conscription in 1862, and resistance was both widespread and violent, with ironic comparisons made between conscription and slavery[1].
		Conscription was next used after the United States entered World War I in 1917.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Conscription_in_the_United_States (2677 words)

	Conscription - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Conscription is a general term for involuntary labor demanded by some established authority, but it is most often used in the specific sense of government policies that require (very often, male only) citizens to serve in their armed forces.
		The Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution, which lowered the voting age to 18, was proposed and approved largely in response to criticism of conscription based on the unfairness of drafting men too young to be allowed to vote.
		Conscription is seen also signaling inequality; as men are required to risk their life and limb without any compensation while women aren't, it is a clear signal the society values far more the lives of women than those of men, and men are just expendables.
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/Conscription (9769 words)

	Schenck v. United States
		United States, 232 U.S. The search warrant did not issue against the defendant but against the Socialist headquarters at 1326 Arch Street and it would seem that the documents technically were not even in the defendants' possession.
		United States, 228 U.S. Notwithstanding some protest in argument the notion that evidence even directly proceeding from the defendant in a criminal proceeding is excluded in all cases by the Fifth Amendment is plainly unsound.
		United States, 218 U.S. The document in question upon its first printed side recited the first section of the Thirteenth Amendment, said that the idea embodied in it was violated by the Conscription Act and that a conscript is little better than a convict.
	www.epic.org /free_speech/Schenck_v_US.html (1200 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-02)
		Conscription is the involuntary requirement of a government that certain of its citizens serve in the armed forces.
		Any human-rights abuses as part of a military conscription effort -- including associated violence against others in the population -- should be laid primarily at the door of the sponsoring authority (although it is the responsibility of every conscript soldier to obey the laws of war).
		For example, the spread of democratic liberties in the nineteenth century was chiefly retarded, as in Germany and Hungary, by the growth of nationalism and its inseparable instrument, militarism.
	www.lycoszone.com /info/conscription--united-states.html (514 words)

	Conscription
		Formally, the Netherlands has not abolished conscription; that is to say, the laws and systems which provide for the conscription of armed forces personnel remain in place, and Dutch citizens who completed their military service prior to 1996 can still, theoretically, be mobilized in the event of a national emergency.
		Conscription of men into the armed forces of New Zealand came into effect in 1940, and was abolished in 1972.
		Not only was conscription used for the three branches of the armed forces, it was also introduced to aid in coal mining with the Bevin Boys, and later in the war with the introduction of conscription of women into the Women's Land Army to help with agricultural production.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/c/co/conscription.html (9011 words)

	Schenck v. United States (1919)
		The second count alleges a conspiracy to commit an offence against the United States, to-wit, to use the mails for the transmission of matter declared to be nonmailable by Title XII, § 2 of the Act of June 15, 1917, to-wit, the above mentioned document, with an averment of the same overt acts.
		United States, 218 U.S. The document in question, upon its first printed side, recited the first section of the Thirteenth Amendment, said that the idea embodied in it was violated by the Conscription Act, and that a conscript is little better than a [51] convict.
		In impassioned language, it intimated that conscription was despotism in its worst form, and a monstrous wrong against humanity in the interest of Wall Street's chosen few.
	www.bc.edu /bc_org/avp/cas/comm/free_speech/schenck.html (1334 words)

	Conscription - Voyager, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-02)
		Conscription is regularly postponed for students until the end of their studies, as long as they apply before they turn 28 years of age.
		Some Egyptians evade conscription and travel overseas until they reach the age of 30, at which point they are tried, pay a $580 fine (as of 2004), and are dishonorably relieved of their obligation to serve in the army.
		France abolished peacetime military conscription in 1996, while those born before 1979 had to complete their service (see related BBC News article); since the Algerian War of Independence, conscripts had not been deployed abroad or in war zones, except those volunteering for such deployments.
	www.voyager.in /Conscription (7689 words)

	The Ultimate United States Dog Breeds Information Guide and Reference
		The United States of America — also referred to as the United States, the U.S.A., the U.S., America¹, the States, or (archaically) Columbia — is a federal republic of 50 states located primarily in central North America (with the exception of two states: Alaska and Hawaii).
		The United States proper has three land borders, two with Canada and one with Mexico, and two territorial water boundaries with Russia and The Bahamas.
		Nevertheless, the United States has at times been criticized for alleged violations of human rights, including racial discrimination in trials and sentences, police abuses, excessive and unwarranted incarceration, and the imposition of the death penalty ².
	www.dogluvers.com /dog_breeds/United_States (4056 words)

	United States History - Japan, Pearl Harbor and War
		As a countermove, the United States imposed an embargo on export of scrap iron to Japan.
		In July 1941 the Japanese occupied the remainder of Indochina; the United States, in response, froze Japanese assets.
		In fact, Japanese-Americans from Hawaii and the continental United States fought with noble distinction and valor in two infantry units on the Italian front.
	www.countrystudies.us /united-states/history-101.htm (614 words)

	Campaign against the Registration for Conscription of the United States
		Men aged at least 31 (or 29 if living with wives as citizens of the United States for 3 years) when filing the Application for Naturalization are not normally presumed to have knowingly and willfully failed to register unless the proof to the contrary exists.
		Conscription is not enforced in the United States, but the registration with Selective Service prepares for it.
		The United States House of Representatives introduces bills prefixed "H.R." The United States Senate introduces bills prefixed "S." Both are in Washington DC (District of Columbia).
	www.geocities.com /jusjih/us-sss.html (1093 words)

	FindLaw for Legal Professionals - Case Law, Federal and State Resources, Forms, and Code
		The second count alleges a conspiracy to commit an offense against the United States, to-wit, to use the mails for the transmission of matter declared to be non-mailable by title 12, 2, of the Act of June 15, 1917 (Comp.
		United States, 232 U.S., 396 S., 34 Sup.
		United States, 218 U.S., 253 S., 31 Sup.
	caselaw.lp.findlaw.com /scripts/getcase.pl?court=us&vol=249&invol=47 (1438 words)

	Men and Women Who Dare to Say No: Mennonite Resistance to Draft Registration, 1980 - 1985
		The pre-twentieth century conscription experience in the United States can be effectively grouped into one category, which deals mainly with the Revolutionary War and the Civil War.
		He stated that his views against war had not changed, but he was torn between the idea that registration was complicity with war and that it was just a piece of paper.
		Posters stating "Paul Jacob Is Free" became a symbol among segments of the anti-registration movement.
	www.yachana.org /research/writings/draft (17413 words)

	United States History - Eve of World War II
		The United States, disillusioned by the failure of the crusade for democracy in World War I, announced that in no circumstances could any country involved in the conflict look to it for aid.
		The United States joined Canada in a Mutual Board of Defense, and aligned with the Latin American republics in extending collective protection to the nations in the Western Hemisphere.
		Congress, confronted with the mounting crisis, voted immense sums for rearmament, and in September 1940 passed the first peacetime conscription bill ever enacted in the United States -- albeit by a margin of one vote in the House of Representatives.
	www.countrystudies.us /united-states/history-100.htm (555 words)

	US Army
		Before the outbreak of the Second World War, the United States Army was a small professional force of 175,000 men.
		When the United States entered the war plans were made to establish 105 divisions but in fact only 100 divisions were created before the end of the war.
		The United States Army grew again during the Vietnam War reaching 1,460,000 in the late 1960s.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /USAarmy.htm (752 words)

	Speeches: Speech: "We Don't Believe in Conscription"
		So, friends, we who have arranged the meeting are well satisfied if we can only urge the people of entire New York City and America, there would be no war in the United States--there would be no conscription in the United States--(applause)--if the people are not given an opportunity to have their say.
		And when we today resent war and resent conscription, it is not that we are foreigners and don't care, it is precisely because we love America and we are opposed to war.
		And so, if it is their intention to make us quiet, they may prepare the noose, they may prepare the gallows, they may build more prisons--for the spread of revolt and conscience.
	sunsite.berkeley.edu /Goldman/Writings/Speeches/170518.html (2029 words)

	Articles - Conscription (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-02)
		Deputy Jean-Baptiste Jourdan gave its name to the September 5, 1798 Act, whose first article stated: "Any Frenchman is a soldier and owes himself to the defense of the nation".
		In Singapore, the NS (Amendment) Act was passed on 14 March 1967, under which all able-bodied male citizens of 18-21 years of age were required to serve a compulsory military service of two years (down from two and a half years, amended in 2005).
		Some groups, such as libertarians, say that the draft constitutes slavery, since it is mandatory work issue was based on a "supreme and noble duty" argument from nationalism and not legal reasoning:
	www.centralairconditioners.net /articles/Conscription (7531 words)

	Confederacy: Conscription and States' Rights Extremists
		The Confederate army early found that volunteers alone were insufficient, and the first conscription law was passed in Apr., 1862.
		, the governors of Georgia and North Carolina, led the denunciation of conscription and further berated Davis for the assumption of state troops into the Confederate army, the suspension of the writ of habeas corpus, and the Confederate tax program.
		Their extreme states' rights views represented a logical development of the theory that had led the Southern states to secede, but their insistence on maintaining these views at a time when unity was imperative was an added factor in the Confederate defeat.
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/history/A0857510.html (199 words)

	selective service act -- selective service act (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-02)
		The Act passed the United States Congress on May 18, 1917 and gave the President the power to draft soldiers...
		We are specifically encouraging resistance to the registration laws of the United States, seeing registration as the...
		With very rare exceptions, every male residing in the United States 18 to 26 years of age is required by the Military Selective Service Act to register with the Selective Service System, and thereby...
	www.ditact.com /selectiveserviceact (3841 words)

	math lessons - Selective Service Act
		The Selective Service Act established the first peacetime conscription in United States history.
		The draft began again in October 1940, a year before the United States formally entered World War II.
		Though the United States halted conscription in 1973, the Selective Service remains as a means to register American males upon reaching the age of 18 as a contingency should the measure be reintroduced.
	www.mathdaily.com /lessons/Selective_Service_Act (279 words)

	Swiss
		Compared to these extensive costs, some would argue there is very little benefit, if there ever were a war conscription and basic training could be completed quickly, and in most countries where conscription is compulsory...
		Conscription - Conscription and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
		In particular: Art.1: All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights.
	www.experiencefestival.com /swiss (1126 words)

	Find in a Library: Conscription in the United States: historical background.
		Find in a Library: Conscription in the United States: historical background.
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		WorldCat is provided by OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc. on behalf of its member libraries.
	www.worldcatlibraries.org /wcpa/oclc/1727243 (46 words)

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