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Topic: Consensual crime

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	Consensual crime - Definition, explanation
		Governments may justify making these acts into crimes because of indirect effects on third parties, or because of offense to cultural norms, or because the law assumes that one of the parties to the action is a "victim" despite his or her informed consent.
		Consensual crimes are often described as crimes in which the victim is the state, the juridical system, or society at large.
		They assert that laws against consensual crimes may have unintended consequences that are the reverse of that intended: for example, the War on Drugs puts the distribution of illegal drugs into the hands of criminals, and creates artificial scarcity, making their distribution highly profitable.
	www.calsky.com /lexikon/en/txt/c/co/consensual_crime.php (1398 words)

	Crime
		Crimes are viewed as offenses against society, and as such are punished by the state.
		Crimes can be divided into several (overlapping) categories: computer offences, crimes against persons, crimes against property, crimes against state security, drug offences, sexual offences, and weapon offences.
		Crimes are also be grouped by severity, some common categorical terms being: felonies, indictable offences, infractions, misdemeanors, and summary offences.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/cr/Crime.html (921 words)

	Consensual crime - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A consensual crime is a public order crime that involves more than one participant, all of whom give their consent as willing participants in an activity that is illegal.
		Political leaders sometimes justify criminalizing consensual activity because they feel it offends cultural norms, or because one of the parties to the activity is considered a "victim" despite his or her informed consent.
		Consensual crimes are sometimes described as crimes in which the victim is the state, the juridical system, or society at large and so affect the general (sometimes ideological or cultural) interests of the system, such as common sexual morality.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Consensual_crime (1238 words)

	Crime - Article from FactBug.org - the fast Wikipedia mirror site
		The attempt to commit a crime may to be punished, even if the crime is not completed (in California, e.g., the punishment can be half of that for the crime itself http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/cacodes/pen/654-678.html); for instance, it is generally a crime to attempt to murder someone, even if one has not succeeded in doing so.
		In general, in most western systems, the definition of a crime requires the existing intention of committing it (voluntas necandi) in the author, therefore it is usually not officially "punished" when this intention is missing or when the author has not a complete mental sanity or is under a certain age.
		Crimes can be divided into several (overlapping) categories: computer offenses, crimes against persons, crimes against property, crimes against state security, drug offenses, sexual offenses, and weapon offenses.
	www.factbug.org /cgi-bin/a.cgi?a=5785 (1405 words)

	Consensual crime Totally Explained
		A consensual crime is a public order crime that involves more than one participant, all of whom give their consent as willing participants in an activity that's illegal.
		Political leaders sometimes justify criminalizing consensual activity because they feel it offends cultural norms, or because one of the parties to the activity is considered a "victim" despite his or her informed consent.
		Consensual crimes are sometimes described as crimes in which the victim is the state, the juridical system, or society at large and so affect the general (sometimes ideological or cultural) interests of the system, such as common sexual morality.
	consensual_crime.totallyexplained.com (1407 words)

	PROMOTE ORGANIZED CRIME
		Murder, rape, robbery, assault, burglary, theft, arson, hate crimes, forgery, counterfeiting, fraud, embezzlement, buying and selling stolen property, vandalism, carrying concealed weapons, child molestation, and driving under the influence of alcohol or narcotics can usually be done by one, two, or, at most, a small band of people.
		In addition to police, judges, prosecutors, and politicians, organized crime also has on its payroll doctors, scientists, and journalists in all media whose job it is to predict and report how terrible life would be if consensual crimes were legalized.
		(Organized crime's very existence depends on consensual crimes remaining illegal.) The media people on the payroll are also to report that organized crime is on the decrease, that its influence is minimal, and that the government is doing an absolutely crackerjack job of rounding up the few minor hoodlums that remain.
	www.mcwilliams.com /books/aint/211.htm (941 words)

	Crime - Gurupedia
		A crime can be the action of violating or breaking the law, having the intention of doing so or helping others in the process; in some systems the simple association for
		organising a crime is punished, even if the fact is not verified and usually for many crimes the attempt too is punished, even if the crime is not completed (in California, e.g., the punishment can be half of that for the crime itself [1]).
		It may be a crime to aid someone else in committing a crime, or induce him or her to commit one; if it is an offence against the US one is even punishable as a principal.
	www.gurupedia.com /c/cr/crime.htm (1127 words)

	An Overview
		The problem with making consensual activities crimes, however, is that the government moves in and by force destroys the life of the consensual "criminal." A single arrest and conviction, even without a jail sentence, can permanently affect one's ability to get employment, housing, credit, education, and insurance.
		Further, the laws against consensual activities are not uniformly enforced—the poor and minorities, for a variety of reasons, tend to receive the brief end of the stick.
		The prosecution of consensual crimes "trickles down" into ostracizing, humiliating, and scorning people who do things that are not quite against the law—but probably should be.
	www.drugtext.org /library/books/aint/101.htm (3233 words)

	Economic Costs - Chapter 6
		Drug-defined crimes (e.g., dealing, trafficking, and possession) and alcohol-defined crimes (e.g., driving under the influence, public drunkenness, and liquor law violations) are attributed at 100 percent.
		Again, the alcohol causal factors for these crimes presented in table 6.8 are only 10 percent of the proportion of perpetrators reported under the influence of alcohol at the time of their arrest.
		The costs of crime caused by alcohol and drug abuse that are discussed in this section include public and private expenditures for criminal justice services and protection and economic costs to victims not including the value of assets transferred from victims to perpetrators.
	www.nida.nih.gov /EconomicCosts/Chapter6.html (4366 words)

	Consensual crimes
		You might ask, "What are consensual crimes?" Consensual crimes are crimes that are currently illegal which do not harm the person or property of others (and these crimes are between two consenting adults.) Two consenting adults…this is the main focus of this paper.
		One of the arguments for the continuation of consensual crime laws is that the crimes are immoral.
		Clinton declared war on drugs and inadvertantly all consensual crimes since, somehow, the American people have it sunk into their heads that drugs are related to prostitution, adultery, suicide, and all of the other "crimes" associated with this culture.
	www.bsu.edu /web/amhoffman/consensual_crimes.htm (3163 words)

	Victimless crime - ArticleWorld (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		A victimless crime, often explained as a consensual crime, is one where two or more adult parties engage in actions that are illegal where they are, but do not cause unwanted offense or harm to either.
		In order for a crime to be discussed as victimless, all participants must be above the age of consent.
		Common examples of victimless crimes are: prostitution, sale of alcohol, illegal drugs, or pornography, where prohibited, gambling, doctor-assisted suicide and other forms of euthanasia, and a number of sexual acts including sodomy.
	www.articleworld.org /index.php?title=Victimless_crime (433 words)

	History 349 First Midterm Exam Answers March 1
		Not until the American Revolution or the 1780s did serious crime appear, and it was property crime, which went up to 40 percent of all crime, while the percentage of morals crime plummeted (to seven percent).
		It had to be enforced regardless of whether the violators had voluntarily consented to commit the crime and the crime harmed no one (like consensual sex without conceiving a baby).
		Once free, they added to the crime problem, because they were angry due to their past mistreatment, because they continued to be oppressed as free men and not given a chance to get their own farms and grow tobacco like richer free men.
	www.u.arizona.edu /~marietta/349_1mid_answers_051.htm (2409 words)

	CORRUPT LAW ENFORCEMENT
		Under violent crime are murder and negligent manslaughter, forcible (as opposed to statutory) rape, robbery, and aggravated assault.
		Law enforcement officials who are against the legalization of consensual crimes tend to fall into three categories: the conservative, the concerned, and the corrupt.
		Consensual "criminals" (other than higher-level and gang-related drug dealers) are not famous for carrying weapons or resisting arrest.
	www.mcwilliams.com /books/aint/209.htm (2201 words)

	Consensual Crimes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		It is subtitled "The Absurdity of Consensual Crimes in Our Free Country." In fact, you can find out all about the book by going to Peter McWilliams' web site or straight to his web page on the book by clicking the hyperlinks.
		Consensual crimes, by the way, are "crimes" that don't hurt anyone except the perpetrator.
		And--this would really be great--let's see if we can abolish consensual crimes and get the footsoldiers of our government focused on things that are more important than worrying about what consentinag adults are doing in the privacy of their own homes.
	home.earthlink.net /~exodus22/essays/consent.htm (409 words)

	[No title]
		A Hate Crime is commited when someone uses violence against you or your property, or threatens violence because of who you are, or who people believe you are.
		It is a violent crime that is directed against an indivdual, group, or organization, because of their race, religion, sexual orientation, national origin, ethnicity, or gender.
		Hate crimes directed against people because of their ethnicity or national origin — those not Hispanic and not fl — more than doubled from 354 in 2000 to 1,501 in 2001.
	www.lycos.com /info/hate-crimes--people.html (350 words)

	Consensual crime - Education - Information - Educational Resources - Encyclopedia - Music
		When discussing consensual crimes, one issue is whether the particiants are capable of giving genuine consent.
		In general, social libertarians believe that laws against consensual crimes should be abolished, as there is no rational or moral reason for them to exist, and they reduce freedom.
		The criminal underworlds often created by laws against consensual crimes mean that a subculture comes into existence for whom police are an enemy, who cannot rely on law, and who often adhere to a violent code of honor.
	www.music.us /education/C/Consensual-crime.htm (1508 words)

	crime
		Crime Lake is a lake between Ashton-under-Lyne and Failsworth in Greater Manchester in England.
		---- A crime is an act which violates a law of a government, nation-state, or jurisdiction, for which there is no successful defense.
		Crimes are also be grouped by severity, some common categorical terms being: felonies, indictable offenses, infractions, misdemeanors, and summary offences.
	en.mcfly.org /crime (467 words)

	directopedia : Directory : Society : Crime
		The attempt to commit a crime (including attempted murder) may to be punished when the actus reus of the full crime is not completed (in California, USA e.g., the punishment can be half of that for the crime itself [1]).
		Crimes can be divided into several (overlapping) categories: computer offenses[2], crimes against persons, crimes against property, crimes against state security, drug offenses, sexual offenses, and weapon offenses.
		The use of the word crime in any other situations is perceived merely as a means to emphasise the gravity of the specific offence to the law (such as in aggravating circumstances).
	www.directopedia.org /directory/Society-Crime.shtml (2050 words)

	Criminal Justice Courses : 2006-07 Undergraduate Catalog : University of North Texas
		The study of the history, structure and governmental responses to organized crime; special emphasis is placed on consensual crimes such as drug abuse and trafficking, prostitution, pornography and gambling.
		It examines the goals and history of punishment; the death penalty; the composition and social organization of jail and prison populations; bail, detention, sentencing and classification; institutional management and the conflicts between rehabilitation and punishment.
		Explores the relationship between drug abuse and crime and the policy proposals developed to control drug trafficking, drug abuse, and drug-related crime, as well as the multi-faceted aspects and effects of chemical abuse and dependency.
	www.unt.edu /catalog/undergrad/cjusc.htm (1379 words)

	Erowid Addiction Vault: Societal Costs
		These include foregone earnings during 1992 among alcohol and drug abusers who suffer from illness or are in prison or jail and among persons who are victims of crime or accidents related to alcohol or drug abuse.
		An important question is whether marijuana found in the system of someone convicted of a crime qualifies as "drug-related" since cannabis is detectable in the system for weeks after use.
		Includes loss of productivity of vicitims of alcohol and drug related crime such as "[lost] work days due to injury, time for reporting crimes, inconvenience, and related reasons".
	www.erowid.org /psychoactives/statistics/statistics_costs.shtml (828 words)

	TOO RANDOMLY ENFORCED
		Historically, when consensual crimes were punished more severely than now—by flogging, dismemberment, burning at the stake—the incidence of consensual crimes was not abated, nor did harsh punishment set an example for the youth.
		Each time someone takes part in a consensual crime, there is a chance—a statistically slim chance, but a chance—that he or she will be arrested, tried, and sentenced to prison.
		The pain and suffering heaped on this random sampling, the 4,000,000 unfortunates each year who happen to be caught partaking in a consensual crime and, especially, the 750,000 currently in prison, can be eliminated overnight through legislation.
	users.lycaeum.org /~sky/data/aint/214.htm (764 words)

	CAN'T CATCH 'EM; HANDLE 'EM; HOLD 'EM
		With enough investigation money (and the perpetrators of organized consensual crimes have plenty of that), the defense can know by the first day of the trial almost everything there is to know about each juror.
		When you combine the delicate balance of the criminal justice system with the large amounts of money made by the peddlers of consensual crimes (especially drugs and gambling), the potential for corruption is high and all too often realized.
		In courts that aren't corrupt, the massive overloading caused by the burden of processing consensual criminals as though they were real criminals creates, at best, a system with enough loopholes for plenty of real criminals (especially the ones who can afford the best lawyers) to go free.
	www.drugtext.org /library/books/aint/210.htm (1427 words)

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