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Topic: Consensus democracy

Related Topics

Participatory democracy

Democracy (varieties)

Deliberative democracy

Consensus

Grassroots democracy

Anticipatory democracy

Direct Access Democracy

Minoritarianism

Direct democracy

Emergent democracy

Democracy

Liberal democracy

Demarchy

Representative democracy

Majoritarianism

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	Consensus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Consensus upon a particular formal model of consensus can lead to groupthink, by making it harder for those who reject any that formal model to have their case heard out in informal terms or using a different model.
		As this example suggests, the concept of consensus is a particularly important one in the context of society and government, and forms a cornerstone of the concept of democracy.
		Democracy, in its rawest form, direct democracy, has been criticized by a significant number of scholars since the time of Plato as well as adherents to strict republican principles, and is sometimes referred to as the "tyranny of the majority", with the implication that one faction of the society is dominating other factions, possibly repressively.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Consensus (1522 words)

	Consensus democracy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The term deliberative democracy is also often used to emphasize opportunities for deeper debate on issues of bodily importance to the community (bodies being the concern of politics as such).
		The term grassroots democracy is somewhat looser and is often used to imply a broad range of consensus-promoting measures, short of a full consensus democracy.
		In general, the term 'consensus democracy' is usually associated with the political 'left' while the term 'semi-direct democracy' is usually associated with the political 'right'.
	www.encyclopedia-online.info /Consensus_democracy (435 words)

	Consensus decision-making - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Consensus decision-making is a decision process that not only seeks the agreement of most participants, but also to resolve or mitigate the objections of the minority to achieve the most agreeable decision.
		Consensus is usually defined as meaning both: a) general agreement, and b) the process of getting to such agreement.
		Consensus decisions are especially vulnerable to sabotage of all kinds, so the assignment of action roles, monitoring (from the original majority and minority opinion to some future time when the results of both sets of predictions can be debated), and other followup (e.g.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Consensus_decision_making (4140 words)

	Consensus democracy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		In general, the term 'consensus democracy' is usually associated with the political 'left' while the term ' semi-direct democracy ' is usually associated with the political 'right'.
		World Movement for Democracy Nongovernmental effort to strengthen democracy where it is weak, to reform and invigorate democracy even where it is longstanding, and to bolster pro-democracy groups in countries that have not yet entered into a process of democratic transition.
		Direct Access Democracy Proposes a form of direct democracy in which voting is done in small groups, the results of which are binding upon elected representatives.
	www.serebella.com /encyclopedia/article-Consensus_democracy.html (810 words)

	Consensus democracy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		There is no form of government that applies consensus so uniformly, however, the most liberal Islamic political parties do hold this up as the ideal theory of civics through ijma, and in Western Europe, especially countries like Switzerland consensus is an important part of political culture.
		The EU too can be seen as a consensus democracy: The parliament is bicameral: one chamber, the European Parliament is directly elected, the other the European Council consists of national ministers.
		In the US consensus democracy is used in contrast to indirect democracy, deliberative democracy and grassroots democracy: The term deliberative democracy is also often used to emphasize opportunities for deeper debate on issues of bodily importance to the community (bodies being the concern of politics as such).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Consensus_democracy (871 words)

	Consensus democracy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The term deliberative democracy is also often usedto emphasize opportunities for deeper debate on issues of bodily importance to the community (bodies being the concern ofpolitics as such).
		The term grassroots democracy is somewhat looser and isoften used to imply a broad range of consensus-promoting measures, short of a full consensus democracy.
		In general, the term 'consensus democracy' is usually associated with the political 'left' while the term ' semi-direct democracy ' is usually associated with the political'right'.
	www.therfcc.org /consensus-democracy-53336.html (399 words)

	CPN - Tools
		The idea of Consensus Democracy is based on the theory that the structure of democracy needs new scaffolding—a new concept of how decisions are made, a new approach to the role of leadership and new methods and techniques to build shared vision.
		The framework for a democracy for the 21st Century needs to be based on principles that align with the trends of the society.
		The continuous improvement of democracy is as important as the continuous improvement of humanity.
	www.cpn.org /tools/dictionary/consensus.html (1426 words)

	mediageek: Consensus: a Critique and an Answer
		In her introduction she notes that one of her motivations for writing the piece comes from her experiences in consensus processes at the DC IMC where she left frustrated over the way things were run, convinced that dissenting and minority viewpoints were being ignored or overrun.
		Consensus fails as a result of participants not having a mutual understanding of what their goals and procedures actually are.
		Consensus requires the further step that dissent also be integrated as much as possible, not simply recognized and passed by.
	www.mediageek.org /archives/001962.html (3180 words)

	polylog / themes / focus / Emmanuel Chukwudi Eze: Democracy or Consensus? Response to Wiredu
		So "democracy" here is understood and articulated in the multiparty language of the political traditions of the West, a democracy that the West also sometimes requires of African states as a precondition for economic and military aid.
		The consensual democracy advocated by Wiredu is not that of one party exercising all the power and – to use Wiredu's word – »murdering« opponents; it is, rather, a framework for sharing with every party the exercise of governing power.
		The only "consensus" primary to democracy – democracy's most privileged moment, if any – is the initial, formal, agreement to play by a set of rules that allows the institutions and respect of dissent as much as its opposite.
	them.polylog.org /2/fee-en.htm (4115 words)

	polylog / themes / focus / Kazuo Sato: Chat and Consensus in the Japanese Traditional Meeting
		To reach consensus in democracy, it is necessary to guarantee a free space where even the oppressed can express their opinion without concern for logical consistency and truth.
		On the contrary, the polis as the space for democracy should be pursued and established consciously, as there is no clear borderline between the political sphere as the realm of freedom and the private as that of necessity in the present society which is under the control of the market economy.
		In past discussions of democracy, the importance of the effort to guarantee free and equal conversation was made light of, because the idea of democracy had been based on the classical idea of democracy, where equality and freedom had been supposed to be already given from the beginning.
	them.polylog.org /2/fsk-en.htm (5356 words)

	Guardian Unlimited \| Guardian daily comment \| Democracy isn't working
		Democracy has become the universal calling card of the west, the mantra that is chanted at every country that falls short (when politically convenient, of course), the ubiquitous solution to the problems of countries that are not democratic.
		Democracy, historical experience suggests, is not that well-suited to achieving the conditions necessary for economic takeoff.
		Democracy is neither a platitude nor an eternal verity - either for the world or for the west.
	www.guardian.co.uk /comment/story/0,3604,1244327,00.html (1273 words)

	Representation and Exclusion: The Quality of Democracy in Consensus and Majoritarian Systems
		The two most common are consensus democracy, often associated with proportional representation electoral systems in parliamentary governments, on the one hand, and majoritarian democracy often associated with either presidential systems or Westminster style parliamentary regimes with single member district, or first-past-the-post electoral systems, on the other.
		By "quality" of democracy, we mean the ability of the entire society to be represented as fully as possible at both the legislative and executive levels.
		Namely, his emphasis on consensus democracy seems to be much more concerned with the mechanics of consensus and much less with the quality of the democratic process.
	www.arches.uga.edu /~csallen/cbf-csa.htm (6921 words)

	(What could there possibly be) Beyond Democracy? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		In contrast to representative democracy, consensus democracy is direct democracy: the participants get to share in the decision-making process on a daily basis, and through decentralization of knowledge and authority they are able to exercise real control over their daily lives.
		Consensus democracy does not demand that any person accept the power of others over her life, though it does require that everybody be willing to consider the needs of everyone else; thus what it loses in efficiency, it gains tenfold in both freedom and goodwill.
		Consensus democracy does not ask that people follow a leader or standardize themselves under some common cause; rather, its aim is to integrate all into a working whole while allowing each to retain her own goals and ways of doing things.
	www.crimethinc.com /library/english/beyond.html (2670 words)

	Electoral Systems in Asia as Elements of Consensus and Majoritarian Democracy: Comparing seven Cases.
		They are the two poles on the continuum of majoritarianism and consensus on which real democracies are located according to the strength of their majoritarian or consensual structures (Kaiser 1997).
		Therefore the essence of both rational types can be compared as follows: majoritarian democracy is characterised by the principle of concentrated and unrestricted political power, whereas the consensus democracy is characterised by the principles of dispersion and separation of political power (Lijphart 1984: 5pp.; Lijphart 1999: 31pp.; Schmidt 2000: 340; Jung 1996: 627p.).
		The connection of majoritarian and consensus democracy on the one hand and the electoral system on the other hand results from the way in which the electoral system combines the two functions of political representation and political integration (majority formation).
	croissant.uni-hd.de /electorial_systems.htm (4331 words)

	Consensus Classrooms - Elementary Democracy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The results of the approach are environments in which children are cooperative, responsible, empathetic, and calmer and more supportive of one another, basically enabled to manage themselves, freeing their teachers to teach curriculum.
		Creating and practicing classroom rules is as much a part of education for a democracy as science and social studies.
		All major classroom decisions which she previously made, were made by consensus of all her students and her.
	www.co-intelligence.org /S-consensusclassrooms.html (501 words)

	Future Positive : Front Page
		And, majority rule democracy which is rule by the most, appears to offer a clear advance over dictatorships which is rule by the one, or oliarchy which is rule by the few.
		Majority rule democracy of which the committee is the most common example is filled with political intrigue and back room deals to obtain majority consensus and defeat the minority.
		If the human body can using unanimous rule democracy and synergic consensus can organize and coordinate the actions of 40,000,000,000 cells so totally that we identify the whole organism as a single individual, then we humans should be able to use these same mechanisms to organize our species and solve our human problems.
	futurepositive.synearth.net /2004/10/23 (4420 words)

	Consensus democracy - Term Explanation on IndexSuche.Com
		There is no form_of_government that applies consensus so uniformly, however, the most liberal forms of Islam_as_a_political_movement do hold this up as the ideal theory of civics (''see ijma for the details.'').
		The term grassroots_democracy is somewhat looser and is often used to imply a broad range of consensus-promoting measures, short of a full consensus democracy.
		In general, the term 'consensus democracy' is usually associated with the political 'left' while the term 'semi-direct_democracy' is usually associated with the political 'right'.
	www.indexsuche.com /Consensus_democracy.html (407 words)

	Consensus Democracy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		last year our government's failure to recognize the fact that democracy is in...
		If democracy is to be the keystone of this US agenda, it has to...
		administration made clear that democracy promotion would be the centerpiece of its...
	www.wikiverse.org /consensus-democracy (556 words)

	Communities of the Future - Consensus Democracy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The idea of Consensus Democracy is based on the theory that the structure of democracy needs new scaffolding - a new concept of how decisions are made, a new approach to the role of leadership and new methods and techniques to build shared vision.
		It assumes that people will be responsible for their own communities if given the capacities to be effective in a 21st Century society.
		The framework for a democracy for the 21st Century needs to be based on principles that allign with the trends of the society.
	www.communitiesofthefuture.org /articles/consensus_democracy.html (1442 words)

	Free book: Beyond Plutocracy - Direct Democracy for America, Home/Table of Contents
		The resulting consensus government, as it is called, significantly increases the personal responsibility, good citizenship, freedom, and happiness of everyone and produces the good governance and the good society that we all seek.
		Unlike the winner-take-all, majority-rule democracy of old in which the simple majority vote wins and all others lose, the consensus democracy described here and practiced by the electorate in the demos results in the consensus of the entire electorate, a moderate “golden mean” that avoids all extremes.
		The consensus democracy presented here empowers the American people in two fundamental ways: It gives them direct control over nine of our government’s most important economic powers, powers which the wealthy few currently use to wage economic warfare against the rest of the populace.
	www.beyondplutocracy.com (4686 words)

	Grassroots democracy - Art History Online Reference and Guide
		Grassroots democracy is the political processes which are driven by groups of ordinary citizens, as opposed to larger organisations or wealthy individuals with concentrated vested interests in particular policies.
		In daily political practice the term usually refers to frequent town meetings, consensus policy development, consensus decision making, and electoral reform, all of which is intended to make politicians more responsible to their constituents, at least, and (in the more literal Green conception of the idea) to living things and local habitats in general.
		Critics of the idea of grassroots democracy argue that it is easy to manipulate public opinion through public relations and media campaigns and that attempting to produce grassroots democracy does not diffuse power but rather moves it into public relations companies and media organizations.
	www.arthistoryclub.com /art_history/Grassroots (570 words)

	Citizen consensus councils and direct democracy
		Direct democracy means people directly voting on the issues that affect their lives (as is done in town meetings and election "initiatives"), as contrasted with representative democracy, in which people elect representatives to do the issue-voting for them.
		Another similar innovation is the Danish consensus conference or citizen technology panel, in which the government brings together 15 people selected to represent the demographics of the Danish population, and gives them a technological issue about which to recommend policy.
		Another way to integrate direct democracy with citizen consensus councils would be for an annual Wisdom Council (which doesn't consult experts) to convene a consensus conference (which does consult experts) to examine an issue about which the Wisdom Council is both concerned and uncertain.
	www.co-intelligence.org /CIPol_CCCandDD.html (898 words)

	Consensus Democracy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		the breakfast, Rice was expansive about her goals for the coming year, stressing the push for democracy in the...
		The country is a stable but noisy democracy.
		The acrimonious debate obscures an underlying consensus on the benefits of continued change.
	consensus-democracy.wikiverse.org (558 words)

	America - Representative Democracy, Plutocracy, or Direct Democracy?
		In this consensus democracy, people would deliberate and vote directly on a permanent, limited set of twelve of our most important political-economic issues.
		In the new consensus democracy, some constitutional powers would be reassigned or revised.
		At this location, we can build the framework of the consensus democracy, including the demos, and finalize the myriad details that go along with such a major reform.
	www.grinningplanet.com /2004/11-11/direct-democracy-plutocracy-article.htm (2131 words)

	Open letter on Fiji's democracy -- Asia-Pacific Network \| Cafe Pacific \| Toktok
		Whilst we are on this subject of communal seats and conservative democracy, let us look at Malaysia and Singapore, two countries that Prime Minister Qarase had recently publicly held up as models for Fiji.
		These are examples of conservative consensus model democracies with multiethnic populations similar to Fiji.
		Contrast that to the "Conservative" SDL which rejects multiracial consensus democracy and has been in power only for two years, elected on just over 50% of the Fijian communal votes and now struggling to remain viable is a "conservative" government.
	www.voy.com /166638/59.html (695 words)

	Knowledge Democracy: Philosophy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Knowledge Democracy Center intends to use a broad array of Internet-enabled information services to support and amplify a process called Direct Consensus Democracy (DCD).
		DCD is human-centered, and is a well-defined and thoroughly tested process that helps groups to speak and to listen with respect and with civility, and to reach consensus on what to do.
		Consensus on how to solve a problem or seize an opportunity allows the community to act effectively and with a higher probability of success.
	www.knowledgedemocracy.org /philosophy (181 words)

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