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Topic: Consequences of the Battle of Vicksburg

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The Siege of Vicksburg

Battle of Vicksburg

Politics Before the Battle of Vicksburg

Seven Failures Before The Taking of Vicksburg

Political Questions before the Siege of Vicksburg

Battles of the American Civil War

Vicksburg Campaign

Battle of Atlanta

Battle of Gettysburg

Battle of Chancellorsville

Battle of Shiloh

Battle of Helena

Battle of Cold Harbor

Battle of the Wilderness

Vicksburg

	Battle of Antietam - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Battle of Antietam (also known as the Battle of Sharpsburg, particularly in the South), fought on September 17, 1862, near Sharpsburg, Maryland, as part of the Maryland Campaign, was the first major battle in the American Civil War to take place on Northern soil.
		Although the battle was tactically inconclusive, it had unique significance as enough of a victory to give President Abraham Lincoln the confidence to announce his Emancipation Proclamation.
		Therefore, the battle progressed the next day as essentially three separate, mostly uncoordinated battles: morning in the northern end of the battlefield, mid-day in the center, and afternoon in the south.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Battle_of_Antietam (6481 words)

	Honor America's Veterans
		The battle at the "Cow Pens," one of only a few successful double envelopments in history, is recognized by historians as one of the most important of the American Revolution.
		The battle was considered a major tactical victory for the Confederacy, but did not diminish the effectiveness of Sherman's campaign as supplies continued to flow.
		Vicksburg National Military Park, MS: Vicksburg National Military Park was established by Congress on February 21, 1899, to commemorate one of the most decisive battles of the American Civil War, the campaign, siege and defense of Vicksburg.
	www.nps.gov /pub_aff/veterans/parks1.htm (4980 words)

	Vicksburg During The Siege
		On the 18th he received a dispatch from Pemberton, at Vicksburg, announcing his retreat into the entrenchments, and adding that the order of evacuation had been submitted to a council of war, and while it was holding the enemy's guns opened.
		At first the depressing shadow of exclusion, with constant peril of death and the corrosion of anxiety and of imminent famine, was relieved by the excitement of battle; for on the 19th and 20th sharp attacks were made on the lines, which were repulsed with great slaughter of the Federal column.
		There were desperate battles afterward, and occasional victories, but their light only rendered deeper the advancing and impending shadow of ultimate failure.
	www.civilwarhome.com /insidevicksburg.htm (8693 words)

	Victor Davis Hanson on War on National Review Online
		Battle — again so unlike nature — brings with it bothersome and nagging ideas of preventability, culpability, causation, and responsibility married to the lingering notions of what-if?, whose fault?, and he, not it, did this.
		Battle is the raucous transformer of history because it also accelerates in a matter of minutes the usually longer play of chance, skill, and fate.
		Battles really are the wildfires of history, out of which the survivors float like embers and then land to burn far beyond the original conflagration.
	www.nationalreview.com /hanson/hanson200311140838.asp (2285 words)

	Battle of Pea Ridge by Albert Castel
		Consequently not until about 8 A.M. did he discover that the Confederates had given him the slip and were in the act of turning his right flank.
		As a consequence the Confederates went into battle in two widely separated wings which, because of the intervening bulk of Pea Ridge, were unable to see each other or communicate readily.
		The military consequences of the Pea Ridge campaign were as follows: By invading Arkansas when they did the Federals disrupted Van Dorn's projected movement against St. Louis, and by throwing back the Confederates at Pea Ridge they ended for the time being any serious challenge to their domination over Missouri.
	www.civilwarstlouis.com /History2/castelpearidge.htm (5399 words)

	William Britain Civil War Series 2002 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		The City of Vicksburg situated on a hill overlooking the Mississippi was indeed the citadel of the South.
		The Union Army was repulsed at the Battle of Chickasaw Bluffs.
		The Confederate Army in Vicksburg was under the command of Lt. General John C. Pemberton.
	www.ertltoys.com /brand/britain/2002/cw_multipc_vicksburg_command_decision.shtml (431 words)

	The History Place - U.S. Civil War 1861-1865
		Hooker is decisively defeated by Lee's much smaller forces at the Battle of Chancellorsville in Virginia as a result of Lee's brilliant and daring tactics.
		During the battle, one of the most dramatic moments of the war occurs.
		A victory parade is held in Washington along Pennsylvania Ave.
	www.historyplace.com /civilwar/index.html (2972 words)

	National Park Service: The Origin and Evolution of the National Military Park Idea
		Representative Catchings was a native of Mississippi, had served in the Confederate Army throughout the war, and entered the practice of law in Vicksburg in 1866.
		.Vicksburg upon which occurred the most prominent operations of the Union and Confederate armies during the investment, siege, and defense of that city." [68] On this historic ground were extensive military works including forts, redoubts and entrenchments.
		The case for Vicksburg did not rely alone upon its historical importance, however; widespread public support had been mobilized for the measure.
	www.cr.nps.gov /history/online_books/history_military/nmpidea5g.htm (945 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Battle of Gettysburg At Gettysburg, on a hot and humid July 1, Lee came abruptly face to face with a Union army led by General George Meade.
		Battle of Vicksburg Despite the Gettysburg victory, Lincoln was dissatisfied with General Meade, who had failed to finish off Lee's demoralized and exhausted army as it retreated.
		Vicksburg represented the completion of the Union campaign to gain control of the Mississippi River and to divide the South.
	www.uark.edu /depts/histinfo/history/whayne/nsouth/lect4.html (2725 words)

	Battery B, 4th U.S. Light Artillery - The Battle of Chattanooga
		After the Chickamauga disaster, U.S. President Lincoln and Secretary of War Stanton were determined to hold Chattanooga (gateway to the Lower South) and to reorganize the command and structure of the western armies.
		Finally, with the arrival in mid-November of four divisions of the Army of the Tennessee (17,000+ men, MG William Tecumseh Sherman, commanding), which had been moving slowly eastward from Vicksburg, Mississippi since before Chickamauga, Grant (now with 70,000+ men) was ready to break out of Chattanooga and begin offensive operations.
		Amidst fog, mist, and rain that was obscuring most of the fighting from observers on both sides, the Union infantry stormed the unexpectedly weak defensive works (units of Breckinridge's Corps) on the north slope of the mountain.
	www.batteryb.com /battles/chattanooga.html (1322 words)

	The Soul Of Battle
		In contrast, three lesser-known generals were as great in battle and far greater in war; the killing they did and the magnificent armies they led were to save not take lives, to free not enslave, and to liberate not annex ground.
		In times of peace and prosperity they relax their guard with often disastrous subsequent consequences — all that is the well-chronicled military liability that arises from a volatile democratic culture.
		To Grant and his army, men — in the general and brutal sense of sheer manpower that shot iron into the flesh of the enemy — were the key to Northern victory; in contrast, the Westerners under Sherman believed that their particular men alone would both win and survive the war.
	partners.nytimes.com /books/first/h/hanson-battle.html (7075 words)

	The Battle For Atlanta
		His body was recovered during the heat of the battle that ensued.
		At that moment the battle was general all along the line, and raged fiercely for several hours.
		The battle raged fearfully from noon until about 4 P.M., when the Confederates retired to their intrenchments, leaving several hundred of their dead on the field.
	www.sonofthesouth.net /leefoundation/battle-of-atlanta.htm (962 words)

	Book Reviews
		Battle on the Bay is one of the best of the “city at war” sub-genre of Civil War history books that have become increasingly popular in recent times.
		On the negative side, the naval battles have no accompanying maps, making it a little difficult to follow the action at times, and there was no list of military units stationed in and around the city during the war.
		The battle at Marshall, the raid’s most significant fight, was described by the author in detail, though a map would have been helpful to readers unfamiliar with the area.
	www.camppope.com /review.htm (8596 words)

	Chickamauga
		Bragg was not ready for battle in proximity to Chattanooga, and his army was not in a position to prevent the concentration of the Army of the Cumberland in the town, had that been General Rosecrans' object.
		He was opposed to a movement that might bring on a battle when the army having nearly exhausted its supplies, transported from Bridgeport, could not follow up a victory, in the event of winning one; and where, if defeat should be the issue, the problem of supplies would be difficult of solution.
		Thomas disposed five divisions for battle, and the troops under his command formed about five-sevenths of the connected line of battle, and in transferring Brannan's division from his left to the right of Reynolds he drove back the enemy after the line of battle had been pierced.
	www.aotc.net /Chickamauga.htm (18275 words)

	Prelude to war--Events leading up to the battle
		In the West, Grant was driving one Confederate army against the fortress of Vicksburg, while Rosecrans prepared to drive another out of Eastern Tennessee and into Georgia.
		It would strengthen Southern morale, while dealing a severe blow to that of the Union, perhaps encouraging those in the North who were in favor of an immediate end to the war.
		Thus was the stage set for the campaign and the Battle of Gettysburg.
	july1863.homestead.com /prelude.html (1088 words)

	The First Battle Of Bull Run
		Meanwhile, the enemy had formed a line of battle of formidable proportions on the opposite height, and stretching in crescent outline, with flanks advanced, from the Pittsylvania (Carter) mansion on their left across the Sudley road in rear of Dogan's and reaching toward the Chinn house.
		The battle of Manassas was, like any other battle, a progression and development from the deliberate counter-employment of the military resources in hand, affected by accidents, as always, but of a kind very different from those referred to.
		The precise circumstances of my direct conduct of and responsibility for the battle are stated in such terms that, had I not been in actual direction of the day's operations on the part of the Confederates, General Johnston must have made the issue squarely then and there in his own official report.
	www.civilwarhome.com /bullruncampaign.htm (7460 words)

	John M. Copley. A Sketch of the Battle of Franklin, Tenn. ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		A Sketch of the Battle of Franklin, Tenn....
		The smoke of battle belched forth from the hideous open mouth of this typical volcanic eruption cast a deep shade of gloom over that bright and lovely November eve, darkening the ether from earth to heaven, until a gentle breeze would lift and fan it away.
		While this fearful battle was raging, a Federal officer on his horse, at the head of a line of infantry, came dashing up to the works in our front, and one of our soldiers in the ditch about ten feet on my left, raised his gun and fired, shooting him off his horse.
	docsouth.unc.edu /copley/copley.html (16247 words)

	Nashville
		This was the only time in the Civil War when an army was practically destroyed on an open field of battle, unless you want to include Thomas' victory at the battle of Mill Springs, the first major Union victory of the war.
		With such disposition, the battles of Franklin and Nashville would have been relegated to the category of "events which never come to pass." But when Smith reached St. Louis Hood was threatening Columbia; and it was an open question whether he would not reach Nashville before the reenforcements from Missouri.
		While this infantry battle was going on, Forrest had crossed the river with his cavalry some distance east of the town, with the evident purpose of getting at Schofield's wagons.
	www.aotc.net /Nashville.htm (18869 words)

	Battery B, 4th U.S. Light Artillery - The Battle of Gettysburg
		Lee hoped that this new offensive would draw Union forces from Virginia and Mississippi (where Vicksburg lay besieged), increase dissension in a war-weary North, and possibly secure European recognition after a major Southern victory was won on a Northern battlefield.
		Nevertheless, the extensive 3-day battle would evolve from a "meeting engagement" (chance) between forward brigades of the two huge armies on the western outskirts of the small farming community.
		The Battle of Gettysburg, coupled with the simultaneous and remarkable Union victory in the West at the conclusion of the Vicksburg Campaign, had turned the tide of the War.
	www.batteryb.com /battles/gettysburg.html (1752 words)

	Baton Rouge, Louisiana - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Federal forces had attempted unsuccessfully to seize Vicksburg in the summer of 1862 and the Confederate high command decided that regaining access to the Red River and reopening the Mississippi required recapturing Baton Rouge.
		On July 27, 4,000 Confederate troops left Vicksburg by train for Camp Moore in Tangipahoa Parish, about fifty miles from Baton Rouge, under the command of Maj. Gen.
		The battle was a tactical Confederate success, the Union forces being pushed back to the river, but the Arkansas never made it; it had developed engine trouble a few miles upriver and been destroyed by its crew to prevent capture.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Baton_Rouge (6334 words)

	Princeton University - McPherson: Civil War battle provides lessons for today (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		The war was at a crossroads as the soldiers met in the fields between Antietam Creek and the Potomac River on Sept. 17, 1862.
		And yet Antietam is less well-known than, say, Gettysburg, or the combination of Gettysburg and the surrender of Vicksburg, which happened at virtually the same time, as a crucial battle of the war.
		So by the eve of the battle of Antietam, when Lee invades the North, despair is widespread in the North: "The war is lost.
	www.princeton.edu /main/news/archive/S01/09/12M00/index.xml (769 words)

	Consequences of a Dollar Standard - Mises Institute
		The transformation has not happened without consequences. One of these is that the discipline imposed by the gold standard is no longer operative. Another consequence, related to the first, is the profound effect this has had on international trade.
		The consequences of being able to inflate without having the stern disciplinarian of gold rapping one’s knuckles are also profoundly illustrated by looking at what has happened to international trade.
		All of this is generalized, of course. Governments routinely went off the gold standard for periods of time, usually during wartime, but public outcry and the market’s reaction often forced them back to it. Gold was the adjustment mechanism in the market, the self-correcting force that kept trade imbalances from persisting.
	www.mises.org /fullstory.asp?control=1384 (767 words)

	Civil War in the Loess Hills
		"Vicksburg was on an uneven plateau, and the ground all around the town was hilly and rolling, seamed by an infinite number of ravines and gullies that ran in all directions and tended to have very steep walls.
		The "Battle of Chickasaw Bayou" is recorded as the second Union failure to capture Vicksburg.
		The battle for Port Hudson turned out to be a small-scale version of the battle for Vicksburg.
	www.backyardnature.net /loess/civilwar.htm (2306 words)

	University Press of Mississippi Online Catalog (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		The most significant battle was the Battle of Champion Hill, May 16, 1863.
		His poor performance during the latter stages of the Vicksburg campaign pointed up that, more than anything else, he had been given a command that required abilities that he did not possess.
		As it was, his talents were wasted with tragic consequences for the Confederate cause.
	www.upress.state.ms.us /ask/ballard.html (1691 words)

	Gambling Sparks Battle at Civil War Site
		The three-day Battle of Gettysburg in July 1863 was a major turning point in the Civil War.
		It was also one of the largest and bloodiest battle of the war, with about one-third of the 165,000 soldiers getting killed, wounded, captured or gone missing.
		The military battles of 150 years ago were very different than the wars we fight today.
	www.startribune.com /128/story/31981.html (1057 words)

	Latest news on Civil War battle site preservation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		One of Chance’s key assertions is that visitation to Vicksburg National Military Park (NMP) was unaffected by the introduction of gambling to the area.
		Given the importance of tourists to Adams County and the Borough of Gettysburg, this misleading portrayal of Vicksburg’s visitation numbers is of utmost concern.
		Together with the Vicksburg Battlefield’s visitation data, this strongly suggests that tens of millions of dollars of economic activity was transferred and diverted from existing Vicksburg-area businesses to its casinos.
	www.civilwar.org /PressReleases/PressDetail.asp?lngPressID=122 (1197 words)

	Corinth --Reading 2
		In hard-fought battles, the Confederates carried the fighting to the North.
		In September, many of the men at Corinth went off to fight a bloody battle at Iuka, successfully blocking a Confederate move into Middle Tennessee.
		Control of Corinth and its railroads opened the way for Union victory at Vicksburg, MS in July 1863.
	www.cr.nps.gov /nr/twhp/wwwlps/lessons/113corinth/113facts2.htm (896 words)

	The History Channel - The Civil War
		On July 22, 1862, in response to radical demands and diplomatic necessity, he told his cabinet that he intended to issue an emancipation proclamation but took care to soften the blow to the border states by specifically exempting them.
		Promulgated by the president in his capacity as commander in chief in times of actual armed rebellion, it freed slaves in regions held by the insurgents and authorized the creation of fl military units.
		At his second inaugural, Lincoln, attributing the war to the evil consequences of slavery, summed up his attitude in the famous phrase “with malice toward none, with charity for all.” A few weeks later, he publicly announced his support for limited fl suffrage in Louisiana.
	www.historychannel.com /civilwar/?page=players (2360 words)

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