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Topic: Conservation of mechanical energy

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	The Physics Classroom
		Potential energy - the energy of vertical position - is dependent upon the mass of the object and the height of the object.
		Kinetic energy - the energy of motion - is dependent upon the mass of the object and the speed of the object.
		The work-energy bar charts for the coaster car illustrate that the car's energy is transformed from potential to kinetic and vice versa; yet the total amount of mechanical energy remains the same during the course of the motion.
	www.physicsclassroom.com /mmedia/energy/ce.html (870 words)

	The Physics Classroom
		As kinetic energy is decreased (due to the object slowing down), the potential energy is increased (due to the stretch/compression of a spring or an increase in height above the earth).
		The transformation (and conservation) of mechanical energy was the focus in the "Energy of a Pendulum" lab performed in class.
		Conservation of energy on a roller coaster ride means that the total amount of mechanical energy is the same at every location along the track.
	www.physicsclassroom.com /Class/energy/U5L2bb.html (1266 words)

	Mechanical work - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Forms of work that are not evidently mechanical, such as electrical work, can be considered as special cases of this principle; for instance, in the case of electricity, work is done on charged particles moving through a medium.
		The mechanical energy of a body is that part of its total energy which is subject to change by mechanical work.
		Some notable forms of energy that it does not include are thermal energy (which can be increased by frictional work, but not easily decreased) and rest energy (which is constant so long as the rest mass remains the same).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Mechanical_work (641 words)

	PowerPedia:Mechanical work - PESWiki
		Mechanical energy includes things like the kinetic energy of a moving billiard ball, or the potential energy a roller coaster at the top of its track.
		Mechanical energy can be transferred from the molecules of a solid to the molecules of a liquid when, for example, a glass of water is stirred.
		When a given quantity of mechanical energy is transferred (such as when throwing a ball, lifting a box, crushing a can, or stirring a beverage) it is said that this amount mechanical work has been done.
	peswiki.com /index.php/PowerPedia:Mechanical_work (2180 words)

	Energy Matters: The Physics Definitions of Energy
		In the previous example, we've seen that the kinetic energy has transformed into potential energy and the work done on the object is the change in energy.
		The sum of potential energy and kinetic energy in a system is the total mechanical energy E and it has a constant value.
		The Law of Conservation of Energy states that energy cannot be neither destroyed nor created and that it is the same in a closed system.
	library.thinkquest.org /20331/physics/pconserve.html (99 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: The Law of Conservation of Energy
		Such energy, whilst existing in many forms, is considered especially in two generically distinct states known as kinetic energy, or energy of motion, and potential energy, or energy of position.
		Potential energy, on the other hand, is exemplified by a wound-up spring, or by the bob of a pendulum when at its highest point; as the bob swings upwards its velocity and kinetic energy continuously diminish, whilst its potential energy is increasing.
		Energy is also recognized in the heat of a furnace, or the fuel of the same, in explosives, in an electric current, in the radiations of the ether which illuminates and warms the earth.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/05422a.htm (6282 words)

	Conservation of energy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Mechanical energy is the sum of the potential and kinetic energies in a system.
		The principle of the conservation of mechanical energy states that the total mechanical energy in a system (i.e., the sum of the potential plus kinetic energies) remains constant as long as the only forces acting are conservative forces.
		The sled has less mechanical energy at the bottom of the slope than at the top because some energy is lost to friction (the energy is transformed into heat, in other words).
	physics.bu.edu /~duffy/py105/EnergyConservation.html (659 words)

	Analysis of Situations in Which Mechanical Energy is Conserved
		As the potential energy is increased due to the stretch/compression of a spring or an increase in its height above the earth, the kinetic energy is decreased due to the object slowing down.
		The transformation and conservation of mechanical energy is the focus of the lab.
		The sample data show that the pendulum bob loses potential energy as it swings from the more elevated location at A to the lower location at B and at C. As this loss of potential energy occurs, the pendulum bob gains kinetic energy.
	www.glenbrook.k12.il.us /gbssci/phys/Class/energy/u5l2bb.html (1349 words)

	Mechanical Energy
		Mechanical energy refers energy that depends on the position or motion of masses, not other types of energy associated with heat, light, electricity, etc. We divide mechanical energy into to types: potential energy (PE) and kinetic energy (KE).
		Potential energy is energy that depends on the position or location of the mass, and kinetic energy is energy associated with the velocity of the mass.
		To this extent, potential energy is an arbitrary number because it depends on what you want call "zero." In most practical situations, though, there is an obvious reference point to define as zero potential energy.
	selland.boisestate.edu /jbrennan/physics/notes/Energy/mechanical_energy.htm (966 words)

	THE CONSERVATION OF ENERGY - Title
		This kinetic energy was somehow stored in the mass when it was hanging from the ceiling: the energy was hidden, but has the potential to reappear as kinetic energy.
		Conservation of energy tells us that the total energy of the system is conserved, and in this case, the sum of kinetic and potential energy must be constant.
		As the spring is compressed, the kinetic energy of the block is gradually transferred to the spring where it is stored as potential energy.
	teacher.pas.rochester.edu /phy121/LectureNotes/Chapter08/Chapter8.html (2236 words)

	Energy conservation Great Britain. - Mechanical Engineering and Machinery - What's Been Published (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Energy conservation, scope for new measures and long-term strategy : an inter-Departmental report by officials / Department of Energy.
		Energy conservation in the United Kingdom : achievements, aims and options : a report / by the National Economic Development Office.
		Energy conservation issues in the U.K. : a study and commentary on the administration, power structures and politics of energy conservation in the United Kingdom / by Robert J. Jones.
	www.pitbossannie.com /rps-tj-energy-conservation-great-britain.html (150 words)

	Annontated Bibliography: Conservation of Mechanical Energy
		Energy is one of the biggest misconceptions that a physics teacher must overcome with their students.
		Conservation of energy tends to further confuse the idea of energy.
		The typical high school physics lesson focuses on the conservation of energy equation, which focuses on the initial and the final energies.
	www.pitt.edu /~sdonovan/2749/examples/energybib.html (2347 words)

	Conservation Of Mechanical energy Online (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Your challenge for this laboratory period will be to design and execute an experiment that will demonstrate that the law of conservation of energy is valid.
		Applying the law of conservation of mechanical energy we have...
		The transformation (and conservation) of mechanical energy was the focus in the "Energy of a Pendulum" lab performed in...
	www.energydown.info /energy/conservation-of-mechanical-energy.html (131 words)

	Physics 123 Experiment 4: Conservation of Energy
		The conservation of energy then dictates that (1) where ?T is the change in the KE, and ?U is the change in PE.
		Examples of forces which have an associated potential energy are the gravitational and the electromagnetic fields and, in mechanics, a spring.
		Devise an experimental procedure to observe how the potential energy of the spring launcher is converted to kinetic energy in the motion of the glider for different masses of the glider.
	www.iit.edu /~segre/phys123/labs/lab_4_123 (515 words)

	More Info on Qualitative Examples of Conservation of Mechanical Energy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Energy can be transferred by collisions in chemical or nuclear reactions, by light waves and other radiations, and in many other ways.
		All energy can be considered either kinetic energy, which is the energy of motion; potential energy, which depends on relative position; or energy contained by a field, such as electromagnetic waves.
		In many systems, there is an interchange between kinetic and potential energies, with the total mechanical energy slowly being reduced and with an attendant increase in thermal energy of the system and its surroundings.
	dev.nsta.org /ssc/moreinfo.asp?id=1026 (409 words)

	Business Directory - Business: Energy and Environment: Consulting (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Aegent Energy Advisors Inc. - Provide objective advice and analysis to assist large energy users to reduce the cost, manage the risk, and resolve the complexity of their natural gas and electricity purchasing.
		EIG Energy Initiatives Group LLC - Project development, planning, strategy, execution, management, engineering, and operations consulting in the areas of electric transmission, generation, distribution, transportation, and renewable energy services for traditional utility companies, project developers, regulatory bodies, energy companies, financial organizations, transportation companies, government agencies, and other organizations in the energy industry.
		GCT Energy Consultants - UK consultants in energy conservation in domestic and educational and commercial establishments, combined heat and power, and community heating.
	www.businessopendirectory.com /index.php/Business/Energy_and_Environment/Consulting (10102 words)

	The Conservation of Mechanical Energy
		Definition: Mechanical energy is the kinetic energy plus all of the kinds of potential energy that are present.
		In the absence of non-conservative forces, mechanical energy is conserved.
		Notice that while the total amount of energy is conserved, the distribution of energy may change.
	theory.uwinnipeg.ca /physics/work/node9.html (75 words)

	1.3 Selection of Conservation Principles
		Three conservation principles--conservation of water mass, conservation of the mechanical-energy content of the water, conservation of the momentum content of the water--are available for analysis of 1-D unsteady flow.
		Conservation of thermal energy is not considered because temperature-change and heat-transfer effects do not affect flow depth and discharge.
		The choice of conservation of momentum instead of conservation of mechanical energy of water for FEQ was based on how well the various flow parameters and variables can be approximated and how well each particular principle works when only approximations to physical reality are possible.
	il.water.usgs.gov /proj/feq/feqdoc/chap1html/chap1_6.html (569 words)

	Physics Lecture 16 - Conservation of Mechanical Energy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Friction is not conservative since if we drag a block on any surface with friction, the work done depends only on how far we dragged it, not where the path of travel began and ended.
		The potential energy is useful in that it keeps us from calculating the work done by a force when the path is complicated, or tedious to follow.
		Since the bob starts with zero kinetic energy, the kinetic energy when it is above the peg comes from the difference in potential energy given its initial height (when we released it) and its height when it is above the peg.
	dept.physics.upenn.edu /courses/gladney/phys150/lectures/1997-98/lecture_oct_24_1997.html (869 words)

	Conservation of Energy
		When the only forces acting on a system are conservative, the conservation of energy can be expressed as a conservation of the mechanical energy of the system.
		The various forms of energy are displayed: the bob's gravitational potential energy, the spring's potential energy, the bob's kinetic energy, and the total mechanical energy of the system of the bob and spring.
		When a nonconservative force acts on a system, then its work contribution has to be added to (or subtracted from) the initial energy of the system in order to express the conservation of energy correctly.
	www.ac.wwu.edu /~vawter/PhysicsNet/Topics/Energy/ConservationEnergy.html (123 words)

	Work and energy
		The law of conservation of energy states that energy can not be created or destroyed, it can merely be changed from one form of energy to another.
		Energy often ends up as heat, which is thermal energy (kinetic energy, really) of atoms and molecules.
		This is the principle of the conservation of mechanical energy.
	physics.bu.edu /~duffy/py105/notes/Energy.html (958 words)

	Conservation of Energy and the Generalized Work Energy Theorem
		If we work with a conservative potential, then we have that dU = -dW, that is, the change of the potential energy of the system of particles is the same magnitude as the work done, by one particle on another, for example, but of the opposite magnitude.
		That is, we compressed the spring a bit to store some potential energy, and found that, when we let it go, when the spring reached its free length the mass had a kinetic energy equal to the originally stored potential energy.
		Energy conservation is not reliant upon the approximation, of course, but it does let us see the result more clearly.
	science.palomar.edu /physics/Physics230/Tutor/Tutor15.html (1660 words)

	Physics 128 Lecture: Conservation of Energy
		It is common to write this statement in terms of the total mechanical energy E, where E = K + U. Then we have the statement of the conservation of mechanical energy: For an isolated, conservative, system the total mechanical energy is a constant.
		Like the cubes in the box and the sand pail the energy can be moved back and forth between kinetic, gravitational potential and spring potential energy but the told amount of energy, like the total number of cubes, remains the same.
		The biggest difference between Zach's cubes and mechanical energy is that it is possible to directly observe the sugar cubes.
	www.cord.edu /dept/physics/p128/lecture99_18.html (1223 words)

	conservation of mechanical energy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Conservation of mechanical energy Conservation of mechanical energy Y P Hwu...
		A conservative force is a force that does the same amount of work (W=Fd) on an object regardless of the path taken by the object.
		The transformation (and conservation) of mechanical energy was the focus in the "Energy of a Pendulum" lab...
	www.wholesalemarathon.com /energy/conservation-of-mechanical-energy.php (468 words)

	Conservation of Energy
		Energy cannot be created or destroyed, but it can be converted from one form to another.
		This is conservation of mechanical energy, and it continues throughout the entire ride.
		Where E is the total mechanical energy, K is kinetic energy, and U is potential energy.
	ffden-2.phys.uaf.edu /211_fall2002.web.dir/Shawna_Sastamoinen/Conservation_of_Energy.htm (179 words)

	Notes
		Apply conservation of energy in analyzing the motion of systems of connected objects, such as an atwood's machine.
		Apply conservation of energy in analyzing the motion of objects that move under the influence of springs.
		Apply conservation of energy in analyzing the motion of objects that move under the influence of other non-constant one-dimensional forces.
	hypertextbook.com /physics/mechanics/energy-conservation/notes.shtml (429 words)

	Physics 114 - Newtonian Mechanics - Lecture Notes
		Energy can be neither created nor destroyed (no sources, no sinks)
		Nonconservative forces don't "give back" energy transferred through work; conservative forces give it all back.
		Therefore, if there are only conservative forces in play, the "path" of the process doesn't matter.
	www.gmi.edu /~dludwigs/Phys114/Lectures/C4.html (222 words)

	PHSchool - AP* Lesson Plans
		Show that the change in gravitational potential energy of a mass-spring system is equal to the change in spring potential energy.
		Conservative and Nonconservative Forces, Potential Energy and the Work Done by Conservative Forces, and Conservation of Mechanical Energy require two blocks.
		Using the Law of Conservation of Mechanical Energy, show that the acceleration of the block at the top of the loop is 2g.
	www.phschool.com /advanced/lesson_plans/phys_walker_2002/week08.html (915 words)

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