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	Constant linear velocity - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Because the linear distance travelled by the phonograph stylus per revolution of the record decreases as it moves closer to the center of the disk, the data rate increases and the data becomes more compressed.
		The concept of constant linear velocity was patented in 1886 by phonograph pioneers Chichester Bell and Charles Tainter.
		Constant Angular Acceleration (CAA) is a variant of CLV that was used on the Laserdisc format.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Constant_linear_velocity (575 words)

	[No title]
		The result of this Doppler effect linear deformation of the photon wave is to offset or negate the linear effect of the principle of relative velocity.
		This change in the angular velocity of the Doppler effected photon wave is also equal to the observer's relative velocity and confirms the validity of the principle of relative velocity.
		Accordingly the nature of these interacting phenomena is to produce a photon wave that exhibits a constant linear velocity with respect to all observers, and as such, is recognized as the law of the constant propagation velocity of electromagnetic phenomena.
	www.wbabin.net /physics/williams.htm (1167 words)

	Recording apparatus and recording method - Patent # 6904008 - PatentGenius
		CLV control or CAV control is appropriately selected for a disk at recording to suppress a reduction in accessibility and a reduction in data transmission rate.
		Disks are rotated by constant-linear-velocity (CLV) control, in which a linear velocity is made constant, so thatrecording is performed at a constant linear velocity even at the inner-periphery side and the outer-periphery side of a recording area.
		The disk 90 is placed on a turntable 7, and rotated by a spindle motor 6 at a constant linear velocity (CLV) or at a constant angular velocity (CAV) during a recording or reproduction operation.
	www.patentgenius.com /patent/6904008.html (7807 words)

	constant from FOLDOC
		This means that the linear velocity of the disk be larger when the reading or writing the outer tracks.
		However, as mechanical stability puts an upper limit on the angular velocity (and not the linear velocity) this allows the full potential of the drive is used.
		However, as mechanical stability puts an upper limit on the angular velocity (and not the linear velocity) using the same linear velocity throughout, i.e., using less then the maximal angular velocity at outer tracks means that the full potential of the drive is not used.
	ftp.sunet.se /foldoc/foldoc.cgi?constant (634 words)

	U.S. Patent: 5619484 - Pulling-in circuit for PLL circuit, pulling-in method for PLL circuit, PLL circuit device and ...
		However, in case of the CD-ROM of CLV type, in order to keep the linear velocity constant during the rotation of the optical disc, it is necessary to change the rotation angular velocity in accordance with the radial position on the optical disk.
		Namely, the rotation angular velocity for reading a position near the inner circumference on the optical disc should be much higher than that near the outer circumference on the optical disc in the CLV type reproduction.
		However, if the CLV type disc is reproduced by the CAV type reproducing operation, the PLL operation is difficult since the stable and speedy pulling-in operation for the PLL circuit is difficult due to the drastic change in the transmission rate along the radial direction on the CLV disc.
	www.everypatent.com /comp/pat5619484.html (6894 words)

	Problem Set - Angular Motion - Physics 107
		Write an expression for (a) the distance x moved by a particle traveling with a constant linear velocity v in time t and (b) the angle Θ moved by a particle rotating with a constant angular velocity ω in time t.
		Find (a) the magnitude and direction of its angular momentum relative to the center of the circle when its velocity is v and (b) an alternative expression for L in terms of the angular velocity ω.
		A wheel of mass m and moment of inertia I relative to its axis is spinning with an angular velocity ω while the ends of the axle are supported by two posts A and B, separated by a distance 2d and mounted on a rotatable platform (Fig.
	www.wellesley.edu /Physics/phyllisflemingphysics/n107_p_angular.html (2027 words)

	Method and apparatus combining an information-bearing disk and a disk drive mechanism - Patent 4780866
		A further advantage of the invention is that during a write operation, the linear velocity of the outermost track is the same from one zone to the next outer zone when the step change in angular velocity, equal to the reciprocal of "k", occurs from zone to zone.
		Thus, this "quasi-constant linear velocity" (QCLV) effect simplifies a data write operation, as the data write circuitry now may operate over a range of power levels that is a constant from zone to zone, to maintain a relatively constant signal-to-noise and linearity for the recorded data.
		With the linear velocity of the outermost track being the same from one zone to the next, data, written at a uniform rate, requires that the length of a bit cell of an outermost track is also the same from one zone to the next.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4780866.html (5147 words)

	Physics - Kinematics - Angular Velocity - Martin Baker
		The reason for expressing angular velocities in terms of 3D vectors is that it is often valid to combine angular velocities by adding their 3D vectors.
		As seen in the Angular Velocity of particle section, angular velocity depends on the point that we are measuring the rotation about.
		Angular velocity in 3D space can be held in a quaternion (see class sfrotation) or a matrix (see class sftransform).
	www.euclideanspace.com /physics/kinematics/angularvelocity/index.htm (2123 words)

	CLV
		The player reads the track of pits by focusing a laser beam on the track, and scanning along the track at a constant linear velocity, measured in meters per second.
		Therefore, the rotation speed (angular velocity) must change in order to maintain a constant linear velocity.
		DVD Burners are also able to write at faster multiples of the standard linear velocity.
	www.dvdburning.biz /terms/clv.htm (137 words)

	Apparatus and continuous method for the multistage treatment of finely divided solid substances with gases - Patent ...
		The second mode of operation arises in that the initial solid material is introduced in a mass stream that is maintained constant with time and the treated solid material is withdrawn in such an amount that the level of the fluidized bed is maintained constant.
		The diameter (i) of the individual reaction zones III, II and I calculated from the gas through-put (g), the experimentally obtained optimal stream velocity (d) and the temperature (c) is determined for the foregoing model to be 401, 501, and 596 mm, respectively.
		In principle however, in order to maintain the necessary stream velocity for the desired fluidization for reactions which use up a considerable quantity of gas in the reactions, a narrowing of the reaction zones towards the upper end of the overall reactor may be necessary.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4698913.html (2030 words)

	Constant angular velocity - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Constant Angular Velocity (CAV) describes the motion of a body rotating at a constant angular velocity, because as it rotates it moves through a constant angle per unit time.
		Because the linear distance travelled by the phonograph stylus per revolution of the record decreases as it moves closer to the center of the disc, the data rate decreases.
		When LPs were introduced in 1948, motor speed control was not nearly as accurate as it is today, and the more desirable constant linear velocity (CLV) would have been more difficult to achieve.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Constant_Angular_Velocity (221 words)

	Plextor > News > Plextor University - Data Transfer
		CAV is a method where the speed of the spindle motor remains constant.
		This ramp represents the constant increase in data throughput as the laser moves closer to the outer edge of the disc.
		In order to achieve this, the spindle motor's RPM (yellow) must spin at maximum speed at the inner part of the disc, and then gradually slow down as the laser moves toward the outer part of the disc.
	www.plextorshop.com /news/transfer.html (400 words)

	Optical disk motor servo and method for closed loop speed control (US5870363)
		The speed control is suitable for use in a CLV system, in an CAV/CLV scheme, or in any system in which the speed of the disk must be changed at various times.
		The speed profile table can be designed to accommodate a combination of CAV mode and CLV mode of operation such that the disk drive system can run at the maximum data transfer rate permitted by the data processing electronics, or to minimize power consumption.
		Through closed loop control, the system ensures that the speed of the motor is quickly and accurately changed to the desired speed, typically by the time the optical pickup reaches a target track during a search operation.
	www.delphion.com /details?pn10=US05870363 (694 words)

	B264
		The time-rate change of velocity and is expressed as velocity divided by time or as distance divided by time squares, that is, in feet per second per second or feet per second squared.
		A Constant Velocity Joint is one that provides consistent drive shaft speeds regardless of the operating angle of the joint.
		The change in rotor blade velocity to compensate for a change in the distance between the center of mass of the rotor blade and the axis of rotation of the blade as the blade flaps or cones in flight.
	www.unicopter.com /B264.html (2137 words)

	DVD Burning Glossary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		Players read the BCA by rotating at a constant angular velocity (1440 rpm), moving the optical pickup to the BCA area, focusing on the information surface, and using a special decoding circuit (decoding the much lower frequency barcode signal than a normal DVD HF signal).
		Therefore, the rotation speed (angular velocity) must change in order to maintain a constant linear velocity.Modern players are able to increase or decrease this speed as necessary.
		A disc format standard that uses constant linear velocity within zones, but uses a number of zones in order to reduce the variation in the angular velocity.
	www.gearsoftware.com /support/documentation/glossary.cfm (8062 words)

	Interactive Videodisc: An Emerging Technology for Educators. ERIC Digest.
		A CLV disc spins at a constant linear velocity, much like a long play record.
		Because of this, CLV discs can hold much more data than CAV discs: up to one hour of straight play motion video for a 12-inch disc and 20 minutes for an 8-inch disc.
		Because time access is not as precise as frame access, the major advantage of a CLV disc is its compact storage capability.
	www.ericdigests.org /pre-9213/video.htm (1528 words)

	Understanding CD-R & CD-RW - Recording Speed
		CDs were originally designed for consumer audio applications and initially operated using a CLV mode to maintain a constant data transfer rate across the entire disc.
		The CLV mode sets the disc’s rotation at 500 RPM decreasing to 200 RPM (1x CLV) as the optical head of the player or recorder reads or writes from the inner to outer diameter.
		In contrast to CLV which maintains a constant data transfer rate throughout the recording process, ZCLV divides the disc into regions or zones and employs progressively faster CLV writing speeds in each.
	www.osta.org /technology/cdqa5.htm (942 words)

	Linear & Angular Speed of a CD
		Find (a) the constant tangential speed at which the music is detected and (b) the angular speed (in rev/s) for music at a distance of 0.025 m from the center of a CD."
		Besides having an angular velocity, the CD also has a constant linear velocity (CLV).
		The CLV of a CD has been standardized by Philips at 1.2 to 1.4 m/s.
	hypertextbook.com /facts/2000/LawrenceFung.shtml (528 words)

	Techware Labs - Reviews - Plextor 48/24/48A CD-R/RW
		Consequently, the rotation speed of the CD must be decreased at a linear rate to compensate for increasing circumference sizes of successive rotations.
		Basically, when the data is being sent at a constant rate to the CD, X packets would fill one rotation at the center, but perhaps 4X packets would fill one rotation at the end of the CD.
		Since data is being sent at a constant rate, the CD has to rotate 4x slower at the end of the CD.
	www.techwarelabs.com /reviews/storage/plextor_48x24 (740 words)

	Media Replication - CD Replication - History
		The primary difference (putting aside the size differential) is that the CD uses a digital technique where the pits indicate whether a data bit is "0" or "1".
		Furthermore, whereas the older Laserdiscs could be either a CAV (Constant Angular Velocity) or CLV (Constant Linear Velocity), the newer CD may only be CLV.
		This means that the pit sizes do not vary from inside to outside of the disc, but the angular velocity varies.
	www.avccorp.com /avc/html/history.html (102 words)

	speed - ISP Forum Discussions
		linear velocity of the track read, remains constant.
		The RPM changes so that data is read at a constant bitrate anywhere on the disk.
		When reading at constant linear velocity it doesn't make much difference whether you start at the inner or the outer edge.
	forums.myispfinder.org /showthread.php?t=9088 (1953 words)

	Spindle Motor, Constant Linear Velocity (CLV) and Constant Angular Velocity (CAV)
		This is called constant angular velocity (CAV) because it takes the same amount of time for a turn of the 360 degrees of the disk at all times.
		Since the tracks on the inside of the disk are much smaller than those on the outside of the disk, this constant speed means that when the heads are on the outside of the disk they will traverse a much longer linear path than they do when on the inside.
		Some drives actually use a partial CLV or mixed CLV/CAV implementation where the speed of the disk is varied but not as much as in a true CLV drive.
	www.pcguide.com /ref/cd/constSpindle-c.html (1018 words)

	CDRLabs.com :: View topic - Transfer graphs and times
		As I have stated, the fixed RPM of CAV provides constant acceleration in a linear fashion, i.e., a straight line, from the inner hub to the outer edge of the disc.
		For the nominal scanning velocity v_s fixed between 1.2 m/s and 1.4 m/s, one second of disc length (i.e., 75 sectors) takes up v_s meters along the spiral, and thus k(t) = s'(t)/v_s is the current transfer rate in units of 1x.
		For the nominal scanning velocity v_s fixed between 1.2 m/s and 1.4 m/s, one second of length (i.e., 75 sectors) takes up b = v_s * (1 s) meters along the spiral, and thus k(t) = s'(t)/b is the current transfer rate in units of 1x.
	www.cdrlabs.com /phpBB/viewtopic.php?p=72056 (7219 words)

	Understanding DVD -Recording Speed
		DVDs initially operated using a CLV mode to maintain a constant data transfer rate across the entire disc.
		The CLV mode sets the disc’s rotation at roughly 1400 RPM decreasing to 580 RPM (1x CLV) as the optical head of the player or recorder reads or writes from the inner to outer diameter (ID to OD).
		Here, rotational speed is kept constant within each zone but varies from zone to zone resulting in a roughly constant data transfer rate throughout the entire recording process.
	www.osta.org /technology/dvdqa/dvdqa4.htm (811 words)

	What is CLV? - A Word Definition From the Webopedia Computer Dictionary
		Short for constant linear velocity, a method used by most older CD-ROM players to access data.
		With CLV, the rotation speed of the disk changes based on how close to the center of the disk the data is. For tracks near the center, the disk rotates faster, and for data on the outside, the disk rotates slower.
		The purpose of CLV is to ensure a constant data rate regardless of where on the disk the data is being accessed.
	www.webopedia.com /TERM/C/CLV.html (135 words)

	P&P#14 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		Isokinetic testing, research and exercise is very popular in fields such as sports physiotherapy, but too infrequently do the users question the concept that it is impossible for any mechanical device to facilitate isokinetic exercise.
		Isokinetic (constant 'velocity') exercise is impossible for many reasons, the prime one being that all human motion begins from rest and returns to rest.
		This the more honest machine manufacturers readily acknowledge and they advise that one concentrates on the 'constant velocity' range of the device.
	www.apas.com /SPORTSCI/JANUARY/pp14.html (224 words)

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