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	Dynasty
		Constantine IX: born 592, Emperor 623 to 635.
		Constantine XI: born 629, Heir to the Throne.
		Timeron, Heir to Constantine: born 631, Emperor 635 to 681.
	www.mindspring.com /~seamilo/dynasty.htm (326 words)

	Constantinian dynasty - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Constantinian dynasty is an informal name for the loosely related ruling families of the Roman Empire from the rise of Diocletian in 284 to the death of Julian in 363.
		Constantius Chlorus: father (and stepbrother-in-law) of Constantine, father-in-law of Licinius, adopted son and stepson-in-law of Maximian, adoptive brother and half-brother-in-law of Maxentius
		Constantine: son (and stepbrother-in-law) of Constantius Chlorus, son-in-law of Maximian, brother-in-law of Maxentius, half-brother-in-law of Licinius
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Constantine_Dynasty (312 words)

	Constantine the Great - Emperor of Rome
		Constantine was baptised on his death bed and was followed by his sons who unfortunately were not as inspired as their father before them.
		Constantine's move from Rome to Constantinople and the unresolved demarcation between his roles as Pontifex Maximus and Emperor provided the basis for a long and hitherto unresolved split in between the Christian churches of the West and East, generally referred to as the Orthodox and Catholic churches.
		Constantine's building of Constantinople provided a home for Hellenistic culture and Roman legislation throughout the ages as well as ensuring protection for the West from the threat of the East, even after the fall of Rome.
	www.mariamilani.com /ancient_rome/rome_constantine.htm (1428 words)

	From Constantine to the Early Sixth Century - by Al. Vasilief
		After the death of Constantine his three sons, Constantine, Constantius, and Constans, all assumed the title of Augustus and divided among themselves the rule of the Empire.
		The short reign (361-63) of Julian, whose death ended the dynasty of Constantine the Great, was followed by the equally short rule of his successor, the former commander of the court guards, Jovian (363-64), who was elected Augustus by the army.
		Theodosius, originally from the far West (Spain), was the first emperor of the dynasty which occupied the throne until the death of Theodosius the Younger in 450 A.D. After the death of Theodosius his sons Arcadius and Honorius divided the rule of the Empire; Arcadius ruled in the east and Honorius in the west.
	www.ellopos.net /elpenor/vasilief/constantine-early-sixth-century.asp (712 words)

	Constantine the Great - OrthodoxWiki
		Constantine was well educated and served at the court of Diocletian in Nicomedia as a kind of hostage after the appointment of his father Constantius, a general, as one of the two Caesars (at that time a junior emperor), in the Tetrarchy in 293.
		Though the document called the "Donation of Constantine" was proved a forgery (though not until the 15th century, when the stories of Constantine's conversion were long-established "facts") it was attributed as documenting the conversion of the Roman Empire to Christianity for centuries.
		He was succeeded by his three sons, Constantine II, Constantius II and Constans, who secured their hold on the empire with the murder of a number of relatives and supporters of Constantine.
	orthodoxwiki.org /Constantine_the_Great (1417 words)

	Romans: Romans
		However, their background as a military dynasty led to further irrelevancy of the senate, and the move from princeps, or first citizen, to imperator, or emperor, was finalized during their reign.
		The founder of the dynasty, Lucius Septimius Severus, belonged to a leading native family of Leptis Magna in Africa who allied himself with a prominent Syrian family by his marriage to Julia Domna.
		The Western Roman Empire was divided among the eldest son Constantine II and the youngest son Constans.
	iblong2jc2.blogspot.com /2006/02/romans.html (8971 words)

	THE FOURTH CENTURY--CHRISTIANITY AND PAGANISM
		At issue were several concerns: 1) the survival of the dynasty of Constantine, 2) the Germanic threat, and 3) religious disputes (Christian and pagan and, within Christianity orthodoxy and Arianism).
		Constantine died in 337 and, after some hesitation and confusion, he was succeeded by his three sons.
		Julian was the nephew of Constantine, the last member of the House of Constantine; most of the members of his family had been killed at the time of the succession of Constantine's sons, to eliminate possible rivals; Julian's brother was later murdered on orders of Constantius II.
	isthmia.osu.edu /teg/50501/10.htm (802 words)

	Arch of Constantine lecture hum110 Sp 1997
		Constantine's importance was also emphasized by the fact that his arch surpassed in size and lavishness all previous arches in the capital.
		For example, on the arch of Constantine, the two scenes depicting Constantine performing his civic duties, the oratio and the donatio, are on the north facing into the city (the side we see now on the screen), while those devoted to his martial exploits are on the south facing away from the city center.
		Though Constantine could trace his family lineage directly back to the Flavians, the dynasty that had ruled the empire for the thirty or so years after Nero's death, he was not of the same blue aristocratic blood as the senatorial class who dominated the political landscape of the city of Rome.
	www.reed.edu /~mkerr/papers/carch97.html (5503 words)

	Roman Emperors - DIR Constantine V Copronymus
		Beyond this political marriage Leo raised Constantine's profile in other ways: he involved him in his military campaigns (Constantine was present at the battle of Akroinos in 740: Theophanes AM 6231) and in his legal work (Constantine features in the title of the Ecloga, which has been dated to 741: Burgmann 1983).
		Ironically it seems that it was Constantine's concern for the condition of Thrace that sparked trouble; his building of towns and transfer of population from Theodosioupolis and Melitene resulted in a tax demand from the Bulgarians, and his refusal to pay it led to conflict.
		By 771 she had provided her husband with a son, Constantine, whose grandfather and namesake was no doubt pleased that the next generation of the dynasty had already arrived before his death.
	www.roman-emperors.org /constanv.htm (2221 words)

	Department of Religion • Boston University • College and Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
		IT IS IN his discussion of Constantine-not of the emperor’s psychological inner state or personal spirituality, but of the practical problems that he faced and the ways in which his allegiance to the church both solved and compounded them-that the virtue of Drake’s commitment to political analysis becomes abundantly clear.
		Despite the undeniable novelty of his particular religious choice, Constantine’s new policy rested upon two of the most ancient and traditional of imperial Roman religio-political concepts: the idea that heaven underwrote the well-being of the empire, and the idea that the emperor himself was representative of this relationship and responsible for its maintenance.
		Constantine, disgusted and frustrated by the clogged and corrupt mechanisms of imperial governance, turned gladly to this new cadre of talented men.
	www.bu.edu /religion/faculty/bios/fredriksen/lambsintolions.html (4209 words)

	Macedonian Dynasty - The Macedonian Epoch (867-1081)
		On the one hand, the generally accepted name "Macedonian" is applied to this dynasty, but on the other hand, some scholars still consider Basil an Armenian, and still others, especially Russian historians prior to the seventies of the nineteenth century, speak of him as a Slav.
		Leo's son, Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus (913-59), remained indifferent to affairs of state and devoted all his time to literary work in the midst of the most learned men of his time.
		After the death of Constantine VIII the aged senator, Romanus Argyrus, married to Constantine's daughter, Zoe, became emperor and ruled from 1028 until 1034.
	www.historyofmacedonia.org /RomanMacedonia/MacedonianDynasty.htm (1120 words)

	The “Sign” that Changed the Course of History
		Constantine dreamed he saw a Christogram in the sky and heard the words IN HOC SIGNO ERIS, meaning in Latin "In this sign you will be the victor." He ordered the sign of Christ on his legions standards and shields.
		A second contemporary source Lactantius, states that Constantine was also instructed to place the symbol on the shields of all his soldiers prior to the battle.
		Constantine, the son of Constantius Chlorus, was proclaimed Augustus over the territories of Britain and Gaul in the early years of the 4
	forumancientcoins.com /Articles/Constantine_Ch_Rho_files/Constantine_Ch_Rho.htm (1513 words)

	CONSTANTINE V AND THE FIRST RESTORATION OF IKONS
		Constantine continued the successful military policy of his father and he was able to take the offensive in Asia Minor.
		Constantine instituted a persecution of iconophiles and he struck especially at the monasteries, which were the centers of ikon veneration.
		Under the Isaurian dynasty the principle of undivided hereditary rule continued to develop, and Leo IV crowned his young son Constantine VI as emperor, even though he had brothers of his own to whom he could entrust the throne.
	isthmia.osu.edu /teg/50501/21.htm (713 words)

	Macedonia - United Macedonians Organization of Canada
		This was partly due to Constantine and Licinius not being able to agree on a common policy regarding the Christian religion and partly due to the suspicious nature of the two men.
		While Constantine was building his new city, his mother Helena undertook a pilgrimage to the Holy Land and was instrumental in the building of the Churches of the Nativity at Bethlehem and Eleona on Jerusalem's Mount of Olives.
		Even with all his kindness Constantine was not spared misfortune and shortly after Easter on April 3rd, 337 AD Constantine began to feel ill. He traveled to Drepanum, later named Helenopolis in honour of his mother, and prayed at the tomb of his mother's favourite saint, the martyr Lucian.
	www.unitedmacedonians.org /macedonia/stefov33.html (8518 words)

	THE ROMANOFFS AND THE BAGRATIONS
		In certain continental dynasties, however, the rules were clear that in order to be of royal birth one had to be born of an equal marriage: that is, one’s father and one’s mother both had to be of royal birth.
		The last sovereign Prince of Moukhrani (from whom Prince George descends) was Prince Constantine Bagration of Moukhrani (died 1842), son of Ivan Bagration, prince of Moukhrani by his wife Princess Tamara, daughter of King Irakly II of Georgia.
		It is always within the authority of the head of a formerly reigning dynasty to be the final arbiter on the question of whether a marriage is equal for purposes of the dynasty’s laws.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/Thebes/6517/bagrationart.html (3020 words)

	(141) Constantine V and Leo IV (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The coinage of Constantine V and his immediate successors was characterized by types proclaiming the continuity of their dynasty, the Isaurian, which lasted until the end of the century.
		In Constantine's late coinage the entire family is depicted, with the co-emperors on the obverse and the founder of their dynasty on the reverse.
		Constantine's father, Leo III, had forbidden the veneration of icons, which had become widespread in the East, and this began an internal struggle between the iconoclasts, or destroyers of icons, and the iconodules, or worshippers of icons, which lasted for over a century.
	www.lawrence.edu /dept/art/buerger/catalogue/141.html (300 words)

	Arch of Constantine
		Constantine and Licinius eventually became foes, and in 324 Constantine defeated and executed Licinius near Byzantium (modern Istanbul, Turkey).
		Constantine was now unchallenged ruler of the whole Roman Empire, and shortly after the death of Licinius, Constantine founded a "New Rome" on the site of Byzantium and named it Constantinople (the city of Constantine).
		The second-century reliefs were, however, refashioned to honor Constantine by recutting the heads of the earlier emperors with the features of the new ruler and by adding labels to the old reliefs.
	ah.phpwebhosting.com /a/OUTofBFLO/italy/rome/archcon/index.html (602 words)

	Coins of the Byzantine Empire
		Constantine's gold coinage is innovative in its association of the emperor and his heir with the founder of the dynasty, Constantine's father Leo III.
		Constantine smashed the fledgling Bulgar state and capitalized on the civil war among the Muslims to push back the Arabs on land and sea.
		Constantine V, bearded, on left, and Leo IV, beardless, on right stand facing, each wearing crown and chlamys, and holding akakia; between their heads cross, to left, K, to right (Λ) / Є / O / N. Rev. Leo III, bearded, standing.
	www.wegm.com /coins/constantinev.htm (635 words)

	The Constantinian commemorative issues of 317/18 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Constantine, apart from being a ruthless politician, was very aware of the divine world, and more specifically, of divine wrath.
		Constantine did the same: the divinity of Claudius as Constantine’s ancestor was an important thing to lay stress on, which is shown by the fact that it is emphasized time and time again in the sources.
		Constantine was born in Naissus, the town where Claudius’ victory over the Goths, still famous in the days of Constantine, took place (Grant, M., The emperor Constantine, 27).
	www.oudgeld.com /webbib/conscomm.htm (3419 words)

	Byzantines
		Constantine I the Great (Constantinus Pius Felix Invictus Augustus Pontifex Maximus Pater Patriae Proconsul) (AD 272 - 337, ruled 306 - 337) – son of Constantius I Chlorus; left the empire redivided among his heirs; canonized
		Constantine IV the Bearded (Κωνσταντίνος Δ' ο Πωγώνατος) (649 - 685, ruled 668 - 685) – son of Constans II Justinian II the Slit-nosed (Ιουστινιανός Β' ο Ρινότμητος) (668 - 711, ruled 685 - 695) – son of Constantine IV; mutilated, deposed, and exiled
		Constantine VI the Blinded (Κωνσταντίνος ΣΤ') (771 - 797, ruled 780 - 797) – son of Leo IV; deposed and mutilated by mother
	www.mlahanas.de /Greeks/Medieval/Byzantine.html (2132 words)

	RussianImperialSuccession
		And the fact that the only equal marriages in the Russian dynasty after 1917 were contracted by the descendants of the Grand Duke Kirill shows that the senior line was the only branch of the dynasty that considered itself duty-bound, generation after generation in the post-revolutionary years, to have an eligible heir available.
		The attitude of the older generation of the dynasty is typified by the late Grand Duchess Xenia of Russia (sister of Nicholas II and wife of Grand Duke Alexander), who died in 1960: she did not consider any of her many grandsons to be Russian dynasts, because they were all morganatic.
		It was of course the head of the dynasty that made the final decision as to whether a spouse satisfied the equal birth requirements of the house laws.
	www.riuo.org /RussianImperialSuccession/russianimperialsuccession.html (14164 words)

	Wikinfo \| List of Byzantine Emperors (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Constantine V Copronymus (the Dung-named), (718-745, ruled 741)
		Constantine VI the Blinded, (771-797, ruled 780 - 797)
		Lascaran Dynasty (in exile as the Empire of Nicaea)
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Byzantine_Emperor (760 words)

	The Cambridge Companion to the Age of Constantine - Cambridge University Press
		The volume is divided into five sections that examine political history, religion, social and economic history, art, and foreign relations during the reign of Constantine, who steered the Roman Empire on a course parallel with his own personal development.
		The impact of Constantine on Christianity Harold A. Drake; 6.
		Constantine and the Northern barbarians Michael Kulikowski; 16.
	www.cambridge.org /catalogue/catalogue.asp?isbn=0521818389 (338 words)

	Roman Portrait Sculpture: The Stylistic Cycle (1st Century B.C.-4th Century A.D.) \| Special Topics Page \| Timeline of ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Each stage of Roman portraiture can be described as alternately "veristic" or "classicizing," as each imperial dynasty sought to emphasize certain aspects of representation in an effort to legitimize their authority or align themselves with revered predecessors.
		Augustus' official portrait type was disseminated throughout the empire and combined the heroicizing idealization of Hellenistic art with Republican ideas of individual likeness to produce a whole new scheme for portraiture that was at once innovative and yet fundamentally based in familiar aspects of traditional Roman art.
		Constantine favored dynastic succession and used the homogeneous precedents of his predecessors to present his sons as his apparent heirs.
	www.metmuseum.org /toah/hd/ropo2/hd_ropo2.htm (1300 words)

	Library
		By his adaptation, Silvester, backed by Constantine, had decided that the message of Jesus was to be couched in Western terms by Western minds on an imperial model.
		Constantine and his lackey, Silvester, were justly rewarded for their evil.
		The mortar was still wet....Constantine's dynasty lasted sixty years, during most of which time he was busy repelling Goths, Franks, and Alemanni from the borders of the empire.
	ebionite.org /library.htm (1560 words)

	THE RUSSIAN IMPERIAL SUCCESSION By Brien Purcell Horan
		The basis of the decision was that Montenegro's dynasty was a ruling house and thus qualified under the Pauline law.
		It was of course the head of the dynasty who made the final decision as to whether a spouse satisfied the equal birth requirements of the house laws.
		Other examples of reigning houses deposed in the 19th century are the dynasties of Hanover, Hesse-Cassell and Nassau (dethroned in 1866), the Habsburg dynasty of Tuscany (dethroned in 1860), and the Bourbon dynasty of Parma (dethroned in 1859).
	www.geocities.com /Athens/Thebes/6517/indexmainlaws.html (15928 words)

	History 303: Macedonian Resurgence
		CONSTANTINE VII PORPHYROGENITUS ("Born in the Purple") (813-957)
		Marriage of Constantine VII to Helena, daughter of Romanus I
		Constantine VII and Prince Igor of Kiev renegotiate commerical treaty
	www.tulane.edu /~august/H303/chronologies/resurgence.htm (572 words)

	ROYALTY MAGAZINE (Volume 14, No. 1)
		Prince Pavlos, eldest son and heir of King Constantine and Queen Anne Marie of Greece, married in style and despite the family's exile from Greece in 1967, the event was considered one of the weddings of the century.
		The socialist government of Andreas Papandreou which has persecuted the Royal Family ever since their exile in 1967 when King Constantine was unsuccessful in removing the military coup leaders who had seized the country, continued the attack on the wedding, calling it a "provocation".
		First to arrive was King Constantine and Crown Prince Pavlos, both of whom greeted personally many of the Greek well wishers who had surrounded the Cathedral and nearby streets with pictures of the royal couple and Greek flags.
	www.angelfire.com /celeb/millers/royartmcwed.html (1587 words)

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